scholarly journals A machine learning analysis of the relationship of demographics and social gathering attendance from 41 countries during pandemic

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barnabas Szaszi ◽  
Nandor Hajdu ◽  
Peter Szecsi ◽  
Elizabeth Tipton ◽  
Balazs Aczel
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Health Campaigns ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Behavior Change Interventions ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Social Gathering ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Public Health Campaigns ◽  
Relationship Of

AbstractKnowing who to target with certain messages is the prerequisite of efficient public health campaigns during pandemics. Using the COVID-19 pandemic situation, we explored which facets of the society—defined by age, gender, income, and education levels—are the most likely to visit social gatherings and aggravate the spread of a disease. Analyzing the reported behavior of 87,169 individuals from 41 countries, we found that in the majority of the countries, the proportion of social gathering-goers was higher in male than female, younger than older, lower-educated than higher educated, and low-income than high-income subgroups of the populations. However, the data showed noteworthy heterogeneity between the countries warranting against generalizing from one country to another. The analysis also revealed that relative to other demographic factors, income was the strongest predictor of avoidance of social gatherings followed by age, education, and gender. Although the observed strength of these associations was relatively small, we argue that incorporating demographic-based segmentation into public health campaigns can increase the efficiency of campaigns with an important caveat: the exploration of these associations needs to be done on a country level before using the information to target populations in behavior change interventions.

Demographic patterns of lockdown breakers: a worldwide study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barnabas Szaszi ◽  
Balazs Aczel ◽  
Nandor Hajdu ◽  
Peter Szecsi ◽  
Elizabeth Tipton
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Health Campaigns ◽  
Target Populations ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Behavior Change Interventions ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Public Health Campaigns ◽  
Demographic Patterns

Knowing who to target with certain messages is the prerequisite of efficient public health campaigns during pandemics. Using the COVID-19 pandemic situation, we explored which facets of the society - defined by age, gender, income, and education levels - are the most likely to visit social gatherings and aggravate the spread of a disease. Analyzing the reported behavior of 87,169 individuals from and 41 countries, we found that in the majority of the countries, the proportion of social gathering-goers was higher in male than female, younger than older, lower-educated than higher educated, and low-income than high-income subgroups of the populations. However, the data showed noteworthy heterogeneity between the countries warranting against generalizing from one country to another. The analysis also revealed that relative to other demographic factors, income was the strongest predictor of avoidance of social gatherings followed by age, education and gender. Although the observed strength of these associations were relatively small, we argue that incorporating demographic-based segmentation into public health campaigns can increase the efficiency of campaigns with an important caveat: the exploration of these associations need to be done on a country level before using the information to target populations in behavior change interventions.

scholarly journals Reasons for Caution When Emphasizing Health Disparities for Sexual and Gender Minority Adults in Public Health Campaigns

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (8) ◽  
pp. 1223-1225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph G. L. Lee ◽  
Hope Landrine ◽  
Ryan J. Martin ◽  
Derrick D. Matthews ◽  
Paige E. Averett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
Health Campaigns ◽  
Gender Minority ◽  
Sexual And Gender Minority ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Public Health Campaigns

scholarly journals The Role of the Global Solar UV Index for Sun Protection of Children in German Kindergartens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olaf Gefeller ◽  
Sonja Mathes ◽  
Wolfgang Uter ◽  
Annette B. Pfahlberg
Keyword(s):  
Structured Interview ◽  
Sun Protection ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Health Campaigns ◽  
Uv Index ◽  
Solar Uv ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Public Health Campaigns ◽  
Relationship Of

More than twenty-five years ago the Global Solar UV index (UVI) has been introduced as a simple means of visualizing the intensity of ultraviolet radiation and to alert people to the need for sun protection. In our survey among directors of 436 kindergartens in southern Germany we investigated the level of awareness and knowledge about the UVI as well as the practical consequences for sun protection in kindergartens. Less than half of the directors (n=208, 47.7%) had ever heard of the UVI, and only a small minority of them (n=34, 8.7%) used the daily UVI information to adapt sun protective measures in their kindergartens. Detailed knowledge about the UVI was a rarity among the respondents. The proportion of respondents with self-perceived detailed UVI knowledge was five times higher than actual knowledge assessed by an in-depth structured interview using open-ended questions about the UVI (14.2% vs. 2.8%). No clear relationship of UVI awareness, knowledge, and use to directors' age and gender was found. The UVI-related variables also showed no association with directors' knowledge of risk factors for skin cancer and their attitudes towards tanned skin. Overall, the results paint a sobering picture regarding the penetration of the UVI into sun protection policies of German kindergartens. Future public health campaigns should target increasing awareness and understanding of the UVI as well as its importance for sun protection of children.

Children forgotten in hot cars: a mental models approach for improving public health messaging

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Castle A Williams ◽  
Andrew J Grundstein
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Models ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Health Campaigns ◽  
News Reports ◽  
Knowledge And Beliefs ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Public Health Campaigns ◽  
Building Rapport ◽  
Health Messaging

IntroductionOn average, in the USA, 37 young children die every year due to vehicular heatstroke. Additionally, over half of these incidents occur when a parent/caregiver forgets a child in a vehicle. While various governmental and child safety advocacy groups have worked to raise awareness about these tragedies, rigorous studies have yet to be conducted that examine the current understanding and effectiveness of this public health messaging.MethodsThis study will employ a mental models approach in order to identify differences that exist between experts’ and parents’/caregivers’ knowledge and beliefs surrounding the topic of children forgotten in hot cars. We interviewed a diverse set of 25 parents/caregivers and seven experts in order to construct and explore these mental models.ResultsA comparative analysis was conducted, and three key differences were observed between these mental models. Unlike the experts, the parents/caregivers in the study emphasised perceived lifestyle factors (eg, low-income parent) as important elements in increasing an individual’s likelihood of forgetting a child in a car. Importantly, the parents/caregivers primarily obtained information from news reports, while experts believed public health campaigns would reach more parents/caregivers. Lastly, while experts stressed that this tragedy could happen to anyone, most parents/caregivers failed to acknowledge that they could forget their own child in a car.ConclusionsTo confront this denial, future public health messaging must strive to engage and reach all parents/caregivers. This can be accomplished using a multifaceted messaging strategy that includes personalising core messaging, providing additional resources to media outlets and building rapport between key partners.

scholarly journals Using Facebook Ad Data to Track the Global Digital Gender Gap

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoomali Fatehkia ◽  
Ridhi Kashyap ◽  
Ingmar Weber
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Gender Gaps ◽  
Mobile Access ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Official Data

Gender equality in access to the internet and mobile phones has become increasingly recognised as a development goal. Monitoring progress towards this goal however is challenging due to the limited availability of gender-disaggregated data, particularly in low-income countries. In this data sparse context, we examine the potential of a source of digital trace `big data' -- Facebook's advertisement audience estimates -- that provides aggregate data on Facebook users by demographic characteristics covering the platform's over 2 billion users to measure and `nowcast' digital gender gaps. We generate a unique country-level dataset combining `online' indicators of Facebook users by gender, age and device type, `offline' indicators related to a country's overall development and gender gaps, and official data on gender gaps in internet and mobile access where available. Using this dataset, we predict internet and mobile phone gender gaps from official data using online indicators, as well as online and offline indicators. We find that the online Facebook gender gap indicators are highly correlated with official statistics on internet and mobile phone gender gaps. For internet gender gaps, models using Facebook data do better than those using offline indicators alone. Models combining online and offline variables however have the highest predictive power. Our approach demonstrates the feasibility of using Facebook data for real-time tracking of digital gender gaps. It enables us to improve geographical coverage for an important development indicator, with the biggest gains made for low-income countries for which existing data are most limited.

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