scholarly journals Surface modification of PMMA polymer and its composites with PC61BM fullerene derivative using an atmospheric pressure microwave argon plasma sheet

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Sikora ◽  
Dariusz Czylkowski ◽  
Bartosz Hrycak ◽  
Magdalena Moczała-Dusanowska ◽  
Marcin Łapiński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Modification ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Water Contact Angle ◽  
Plasma Sheet ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Argon Plasma ◽  
Fullerene Derivative ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Pmma Polymer

AbstractThis paper presents the results of experimental investigations of the plasma surface modification of a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) polymer and PMMA composites with a [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester fullerene derivative (PC61BM). An atmospheric pressure microwave (2.45 GHz) argon plasma sheet was used. The experimental parameters were: an argon (Ar) flow rate (up to 20 NL/min), microwave power (up to 530 W), number of plasma scans (up to 3) and, the kind of treated material. In order to assess the plasma effect, the possible changes in the wettability, roughness, chemical composition, and mechanical properties of the plasma-treated samples’ surfaces were evaluated by water contact angle goniometry (WCA), atomic force microscopy (AFM), attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The best result concerning the water contact angle reduction was from 83° to 29.7° for the PMMA material. The ageing studies of the PMMA plasma-modified surface showed long term (100 h) improved wettability. As a result of plasma treating, changes in the samples surface roughness parameters were observed, however their dependence on the number of plasma scans is irregular. The ATR-FTIR spectra of the PMMA plasma-treated surfaces showed only slight changes in comparison with the spectra of an untreated sample. The more significant differences were demonstrated by XPS measurements indicating the surface chemical composition changes after plasma treatment and revealing the oxygen to carbon ratio increase from 0.1 to 0.4.

scholarly journals Hydrophobic Waxes in Ivory Nuts Affect Surface Modification by Atmospheric Air Plasma Jet

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-49
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Modification ◽  
Water Contact Angle ◽  
Plasma Jet ◽  
Raman Imaging ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Air Plasma ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Imaging Results

Ivory nuts, produced by palms from the genus Phytelephas, possess a hard and microporous endosperm with a strong resemblance to elephant ivory. The nuts sustainable appeal made them popular as eco-friendly substitutes to ivory since they promote the development of forest communities without contributing to deforestation and animal poaching. In addition, they have been commercialized as microbeads to replace microplastics in cosmetic applications. However, this material is vulnerable to deterioration by micro-organisms and insects, as they are predominantly constituted by β-1,4-mannan, a hydrophilic polysaccharide similar to cellulose. In this context, seed endosperm was treated for 80 s by an atmospheric air plasma jet so as to modify its wettability, as plasma has been widely studied recently for seed disinfection and surface modification. Plasma treated samples were characterized by the water contact angle, AFM, and Raman imaging. Water contact angle results showed an increase from (31.5 ± 8.7)º to (78.9 ± 5.4)º, indicating incorporation of hydrophobic moieties to the sample surface. In turn, AFM images demonstrate the formation of a rough and heterogeneous coating that resembles epicuticular wax layers. Furthermore, principal component analysis of Raman imaging results evidenced contributions from wax (1156, 1170 and 1410 cm-1), carbohydrates (1020, 1080 and 1106 cm-1), and lignin (1573, 1635 and 1662 cm-1). These results indicate that plasma treatment promoted the migration of hydrophobic waxes to the surface and their crosslinking with fragmented cell wall material such as mannan, xylan, and lignin, promoting seed hydrophobization with no need for additional precursors or generation of side products.

Surface Modification of PS Super-Filtration Membranes with Low Temperature Plasma

2013 ◽  
Vol 800 ◽  
pp. 606-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ru Li ◽  
Fen Fen Liu ◽  
Ji Fei Deng
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Modification ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Water Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Water Fluxes ◽  
Air Plasma ◽  
Temperature Plasma ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Polysulfone Membranes

The polysulfone membranes surface modification by the low temperature air plasma for the study. The PS membranes surface composition, filtration, antifouling characteristics with the modification was characterized by water contact angle, water fluxes, interception rate. Polysulfone membranes hydrophilic has been greatly improved, by water contact angle decreased significantly with low temperature air plasma treatment .Optimal conditions for plasma processing are power 60W, 1.5min, vacuum 60Pa.The water fluxes for the modified PS were increased 2.3 times than the nascent one, the interception rate was little changed. Membrane pollution gradually increased as the wastewater permeation flux decreased with time.

Hydrophobic Waxes in Ivory Nuts Affect Surface Modification by Atmospheric Air Plasma Jet

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 12227-12237
Author(s):  
Yuri Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Renata Nunes Oliveira ◽  
Renata Antoun Simao
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Modification ◽  
Surface Chemistry ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Water Contact Angle ◽  
Plasma Jet ◽  
Raman Imaging ◽  
Air Plasma ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Atmospheric Air

Ivory nuts, bioproducts from South American palms, possess a hard, water-insoluble, and microporous endosperm with a strong resemblance to elephant ivory. The nuts sustainable appeal made them popular as eco-friendly substitutes to ivory and, more recently, microbeads. However, their hygroscopicity and mannan composition impart susceptibility to deterioration by microbes and insects. Cold plasma treatment has been widely investigated as a clean and cost-effective procedure for seed disinfection and surface modification. Hence, in this work, ivory nut endosperm was treated by an air plasma jet to modify wettability. Plasma treated samples were characterized by the water contact angle, AFM, and Raman imaging. Water contact angle results presented an increase from (31.5 ± 8.7)º to (78.9 ± 5.4)º, demonstrating surface hydrophobization. This result was attributed to the modification of surface chemistry by migration and repolymerization of extractives promoted by plasma treatment. AFM results evidenced the formation of a heterogeneous layer containing lamellar features similar to plant epicuticular waxes. Besides, principal component analysis of Raman imaging results highlighted spectral contributions from wax, xylan, mannan, and lignin. These results demonstrate that atmospheric air plasma jets can be employed for ivory nut hydrophobization with no need for additional precursors, altering surface chemistry by crosslinking endosperm native substances.

scholarly journals Surface modification of polyamide by 50 Hz dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) produced in air at atmospheric pressure

BIBECHANA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Rajesh Prakash Guragain ◽  
Hom Bahadur Baniya ◽  
Santosh Dhungana ◽  
Bishnu Prasad Pandey ◽  
Ujjwal Man Joshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Modification ◽  
Dielectric Barrier Discharge ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Barrier Discharge ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Polar Component ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Dielectric Barrier

Industrial applications of the dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) have a long tradition. However, lack of understanding in some of its fundamental issues, such as the stochastic behaviors, is still a challenge for DBD researchers. The work was carried out at line frequency, 15 kV and at atmospheric pressure. This work focuses on the study of the electrical and optical characteristics of DBD at atmospheric pressure to determine a suitable condition for utilization of the device for surface modification of polyamides (PA) (Nylon 6/6). In this work, films were treated by dielectric barrier discharge and the effects on the morphology and chemistry of the material was studied. Surface characteristics were examined via contact angle measurements and SEM. The wettability tests revealed the improvement of the hydrophilic character of the surface of polyamide films as the water contact angle measured after the plasma treatments significantly decreased. The corresponding changes of the total surface energy revealed a significant increase in its polar component. The improvement of the wettability of PA strongly depends on the treatment time. The outcomes of the experiments proved that the modification of surface properties via plasma treatment reach to its saturation point after certain treatment time thus reducing the necessity of further treatment. BIBECHANA 18 (2021) 19-25

scholarly journals Plasma Surface Modification of Epoxy Polymer in Air DBD and Gliding Arc

Processes ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Dimitrakellis ◽  
François Faubert ◽  
Maxime Wartel ◽  
Evangelos Gogolides ◽  
Stéphane Pellerin
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Modification ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Water Contact Angle ◽  
Epoxy Polymer ◽  
Plasma Reactor ◽  
Polymer Surface ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Plasma Sources ◽  
Gliding Arc

We studied the epoxy polymer surface modification using air plasma treatment in a Gliding Arc (GA) plasma reactor and a pulsed Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD). We employed optical emission spectroscopy (OES) measurements to approximate the vibrational and rotational temperatures for both plasma sources, as well as surface temperature measurements with fiber optics and IR thermography to corelate with the corresponding hydrophilization of the epoxy material. Water contact angle measurements revealed a rapid hydrophilization for both plasma sources, with a slightly more pronounced effect for the air DBD treatment. Ageing studies revealed stable hydrophilicity, with water contact angle saturating at values lower than 50°, corresponding to a >50% decrease compared to the untreated epoxy polymer. ATR-FTIR spectroscopy studies showed an additional absorption band assigned to carbonyl group, with its peak intensity being higher for the DBD treated surfaces. The spectra were also correlated with the surface functionalization via the relative peak area ratio of carbonyl to oxirane and benzene related bands. According to SEM imaging, GA plasma treatment led to no apparent morphological change, contrary to DBD treatment, which resulted in nano-roughness formation. The enhanced surface oxidation as well as the nano-roughness formation on epoxy surface with the air DBD treatment were found to be responsible for the stable hydrophilization.

Enzymatic surface modification and functionalization of PET: A water contact angle, FTIR, and fluorescence spectroscopy study

2009 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 845-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilaria Donelli ◽  
Paola Taddei ◽  
Philippe F. Smet ◽  
Dirk Poelman ◽  
Vincent A. Nierstrasz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Modification ◽  
Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽  
Water Contact Angle ◽  
Spectroscopy Study ◽  
Water Contact

Long-Term Stable Metal Organic Framework (MOF) Based Mixed Matrix Membranes for Ultrafiltration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muayad Al-shaeli ◽  
Stefan J. D. Smith ◽  
Shanxue Jiang ◽  
Huanting Wang ◽  
Kaisong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Water Contact Angle ◽  
Mixed Matrix Membranes ◽  
Recovery Ratio ◽  
Mixed Matrix ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Membrane Performance ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Matrix Membranes

<p>In this study, novel <a>mixed matrix polyethersulfone (PES) membranes</a> were synthesized by using two different kinds of metal organic frameworks (MOFs), namely UiO-66 and UiO-66-NH<sub>2</sub>. The composite membranes were characterised by SEM, EDX, FTIR, PXRD, water contact angle, porosity, pore size, etc. Membrane performance was investigated by water permeation flux, flux recovery ratio, fouling resistance and anti-fouling performance. The stability test was also conducted for the prepared mixed matrix membranes. A higher reduction in the water contact angle was observed after adding both MOFs to the PES and sulfonated PES membranes compared to pristine PES membranes. An enhancement in membrane performance was observed by embedding the MOF into PES membrane matrix, which may be attributed to the super-hydrophilic porous structure of UiO-66-NH<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles and hydrophilic structure of UiO-66 nanoparticles that could accelerate the exchange rate between solvent and non-solvent during the phase inversion process. By adding the MOFs into PES matrix, the flux recovery ratio was increased greatly (more than 99% for most mixed matrix membranes). The mixed matrix membranes showed higher resistance to protein adsorption compared to pristine PES membranes. After immersing the membranes in water for 3 months, 6 months and 12 months, both MOFs were stable and retained their structure. This study indicates that UiO-66 and UiO-66-NH<sub>2</sub> are great candidates for designing long-term stable mixed matrix membranes with higher anti-fouling performance.</p>

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