scholarly journals Decompression effects on bone healing in rat mandible osteomyelitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Buyanbileg Sodnom-Ish ◽  
Mi Young Eo ◽  
Ji Hye Oh ◽  
Mi Hyun Seo ◽  
Hoon Joo Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Healing ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Intraluminal Pressure ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Saline Irrigation ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Cystic Cavity ◽  
Rat Mandible ◽  
Jaw Model

AbstractOsteomyelitis (OM) of the jaw is usually caused by a chronic odontogenic infection. Decompression is the release the intraluminal pressure in the cystic cavity allowing gradual bone growth from the periphery. The aim of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of decompression in an OM jaw model. A 4-mm-diameter defect was made on mandibles of fourteen Sprague–Dawley rats and inoculated with S. aureus (20 μl of 1 × 107 CFU/ml) injection. Two weeks later, four groups were made as non-treatment (C1), only curettage (C2), curettage and decompression (E1), and curettage and decompression with normal saline irrigation (E2). After four weeks, each group was analyzed. Most micro-CT parameters, including bone mineral density [0.87 (± 0.08) g/cm3] with bone volume [0.73 (± 0.08) mm3] was higher in E2 group than that of C1 group (p = 0.04, p = 0.05, respectively). E2 group in histology showed the highest number of osteocytes than those of control groups, 91.00 (± 9.90) (p = 0.002). OPN were expressed strongly in the E1 (“5”: 76–100%) that those of other groups. Decompression drains induced advanced bone healing compared to that of curettage alone. Therefore, it could be recommended to use decompressive drain for enhancing the jaw OM management.

scholarly journals Decompression Effects on Suppurative and Sclerosing Osteomyelitis in the Jaw

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Buyanbileg Sodnom-Ish ◽  
Mi Young Eo ◽  
Ji Hye Oh ◽  
Mi Hyun Seo ◽  
Hoon Joo Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Healing ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Intraluminal Pressure ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Saline Irrigation ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cystic Cavity ◽  
Jaw Model

Abstract Background: Osteomyelitis (OM) of the jaw is usually caused by a chronic odontogenic infection. Decompression is the release the intraluminal pressure in the cystic cavity allowing gradual bone growth from the periphery. The aim of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of decompression in an OM jaw model.Methods: A 4-mm-diameter defect was made on mandibles of fourteen Sprague-Dawley rats and inoculated with S. aureus (20 μl of 1x107 CFU/ml) injection. Two weeks later, four groups were made as non-treatment (C1), only curettage (C2), curettage and decompression (E1), and curettage and decompression with normal saline irrigation (E2). After four weeks, each group was analyzed.Results: Most micro-CT parameters of C1 and C2 were significantly lower, and bone mineral density with bone volume was enhanced in E2. E1 and E2 groups in histology showed prominent bone healing with a significantly high number of osteocytes, E2 had the weakest expression of IL-6 compared to that of C1. TNF-α and OPN were expressed strongly in the E1.Conclusion: Decompression drains induced advanced bone healing compared to that of curettage alone in an OM jaw model. Therefore, it could be recommended to use decompressive drain for the enhancement of jaw OM management.

BIOASSAY OF GROWTH HORMONE

1974 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 669-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.-G. Thorngren ◽  
L. I. Hansson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Growth Stimulation ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Hormone Administration ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Hypophysectomized Rats ◽  
Operative Control ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

ABSTRACT The growth stimulating effect of growth hormone was determined with tetracycline as intravital marker of the longitudinal bone growth of proximal tibia in female Sprague-Dawley rats hypophysectomized at 60 days of age. After a post-operative control period of 15 days growth hormone (NIH-GH-B16) was given daily for 5 or 10 days followed by a 10 day period after its withdrawal. L-thyroxine was given in association with the growth hormone administration to potentiate the growth stimulation. A linear log dose-response relation was found for the two administration models with a high precision. The thyroxine-treatment increased the sensitivity of the bioassay. An administration period of 5 days was found sufficient for the bioassay of growth hormone in thyroxine-treated hypophysectomized rats. Compared with the earlier bioassay methods for growth hormone, the present bioassay is more favourable when all the factors, such as precision, sensitivity, specificity, and administration period are considered.

Osteopromotion for cranioplasty

1991 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 487-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christer Dahlin ◽  
Per Alberius ◽  
Anders Linde
Keyword(s):  
Bone Healing ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Slight Improvement ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Inner Membrane ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Alloplastic Materials ◽  
Intramembranous Bone ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

✓ Various techniques for treatment of large cranial defects have been reported, but the use of alloplastic materials still seems to predominate. The authors have applied and explored a new approach for bone repair which appears promising, even for use in less osteogenic environments such as the adult calvaria. Seventy-two adult Sprague-Dawley rats each received bilateral 8-mm trephine defects in the temporoparietal area; this defect size precludes spontaneous osseous healing during the lifetime of the animal. Five surgical procedures, employing various alternatives of biologically inert expanded polytetrafluoroethylene membrane positioning and intramembranous bone-chip implantation, were performed and compared to control defects. Slight improvement of bone regeneration was demonstrated with subperiosteal ectocranial and endocranial membranes, alone or in combination, and with bone chips alone or in combination with an outer or inner membrane. Virtually complete bone healing was observed in animals receiving both an outer and an inner membrane with interpositioned bone chips. The latter appeared to function primarily as space-holders by keeping the membranes separated throughout the defect. Consequently, this technique seems to significantly promote bone repair by excluding soft-tissue components from the bone-healing site.

The effects of loading and estrogen on rat bone growth

2010 ◽  
Vol 108 (6) ◽  
pp. 1737-1744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olli V. Leppänen ◽  
Harri Sievänen ◽  
Jarkko Jokihaara ◽  
Ilari Pajamäki ◽  
Pekka Kannus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Growth ◽  
Rat Femur ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bone Mineral Mass ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Sciatic Neurectomy ◽  
Periosteal Surface ◽  
Axial Growth ◽  
Mineral Mass

This study evaluated the contributions of locomotive loading and estrogen to the development of diaphysis of rat femur. A randomized 2 × 2 study design was used. Altogether, 70 female Sprague-Dawley rats were used, of which 10 were euthanized at entry. Of the remaining rats, 16 served as controls, and the rest, 44, underwent a unilateral sciatic neurectomy. The effect of estrogen was removed by ovariectomizing one-half of the neurectomized rats. After 27 wk, the animals were euthanized, and the femora were excised. Irrespective of loading or estrogen, the femur length and mineral mass increased by 142 and 687%, respectively. Axial growth was not modulated either by locomotive loading or estrogen, but the loading resulted in direction-specific changes in the cross-sectional geometry. The estrogen-related gains were evident on the endocortical surface, while the loading-related gains occurred on the periosteal surface. The loading and estrogen were significantly associated with increased bone strength (21 and 15%, respectively) in the mediolateral direction, but not in the anteroposterior direction. Axial growth and accrual of bone mineral mass of the rat femur are largely independent of locomotive loading or estrogen, whereas these factors specifically account for the femur function, as either a mechanical lever or a mineral reservoir for reproduction, respectively.

BIOASSAY OF GROWTH HORMONE

1974 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 653-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.-G. Thorngren ◽  
L. I. Hansson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Growth Parameter ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Longitudinal Bone Growth ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Hypophysectomized Rats ◽  
Operative Control

ABSTRACT The longitudinal bone growth of proximal tibia determined by tetracycline in hypophysectomized rats was used for the bioassay of growth hormone. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were hypophysectomized at 60 days of age and after a post-operative control period of 15 days growth hormone (NIH-GH-B16) was given daily for 5 or 10 days followed by a 10 day period after its withdrawal. A linear log dose-response relation was found for the two administration models with high precision. In the present investigation the longitudinal bone growth was more favourable as a growth parameter for the bioassay of growth hormone than the body weight and the width of the proximal tibial growth plate.

Modulation of Rat Pial Arteriolar Responses to Flow by Glucose

2002 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 471-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Ward ◽  
Lu Yan ◽  
Mark R. Angle
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Transmural Pressure ◽  
Intraluminal Pressure ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Pial Arterioles ◽  
Physiologic Saline

Background Pial arteriolar responses to flow contribute to regulation of cerebral perfusion and vary according to the transmural pressure to which the vessel is exposed. This study determined the effect of increased glucose concentration on the flow responses of pial arterioles at low and high levels of transmural pressure. Methods Pial arterioles from Sprague-Dawley rats were mounted in a perfusion myograph. In some arterioles, the endothelium was removed by perfusion with air. Diameters were recorded at transmural pressures of 60 and 120 mmHg during superfusion with physiologic saline containing 5 mm D-glucose, 20 mm D-glucose, or 5 mm D-glucose and 15 mm L-glucose. Diameters during superfusion with saline containing 44 mm D-glucose were measured at an intraluminal pressure of 60 mmHg. Flow-diameter relationships (5-30 microl/min) were recorded during perfusion with the same solutions. Results Increasing D-glucose concentration caused constriction (P < 0.05) in endothelium-denuded but not in endothelium-intact arterioles. Addition of L-glucose caused constriction in endothelium-intact and -denuded vessels (P < 0.05 for both). At a D-glucose concentration of 5 mm and at low intraluminal pressure, flow elicits endothelium-dependent dilation such that shear stress remains constant. At a D-glucose concentration of 20 or 44 mm, after addition of L-glucose (15 mm), and at high intraluminal pressures, flow elicits constriction and shear stress is unregulated. Conclusions High glucose concentrations elicit increased basal arteriolar smooth muscle tone that is counteracted by release of endothelium-derived relaxing factors. Endothelium-dependent relaxation to flow (shear stress) is inhibited at high glucose concentrations.

Effects of Estrogen-Deficient State on Rotator Cuff Healing

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Tanaka ◽  
Tomonoshin Kanazawa ◽  
Masafumi Gotoh ◽  
Ryo Tanesue ◽  
Hidehiro Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rotator Cuff ◽  
Cancellous Bone ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
Insertion Site ◽  
Young Modulus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Chondroid Tissue

Background: Rotator cuff retears after surgical repair are a concern, despite advances in operative techniques, but few studies have investigated the effects of the estrogen-deficient state on tendon-to-bone healing at the repair site. Purpose: We evaluated the effect of the estrogen-deficient state on tendon-to-bone healing after rotator cuff repair in an ovariectomized rat model. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Female Sprague Dawley rats underwent detachment and immediate repair of the supraspinatus tendon. Surgery was performed in 24 rats at 4.5 weeks of age 17 weeks after ovariectomy (OVX group) and in 24 age-matched control rats without ovariectomy (control group). Animals were sacrificed at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after surgery for biomechanical and histological evaluations of reattachment. Bone mineral density (BMD) at the insertion site and cancellous bone in the humeral head was assessed by micro–computed tomography. Results: BMD was significantly lower both at the insertion site and in cancellous area in the OVX group than in the control group at weeks 2 to 12. Ultimate load to failure, ultimate stress, linear stiffness, and the Young modulus were significantly lower in the OVX group than in the control group at 2 and 4 weeks, but the difference was no longer significant at 8 and 12 weeks. At 2 and 4 weeks, relatively immature granulation tissue was observed in the OVX group compared with the control group. At 8 and 12 weeks after surgery, there were differences in the tendon-bone interface in the 2 groups: Direct insertion with well-established chondroid tissue was seen in the control group, and indirect insertion without chondroid tissue was seen in the OVX group. Consistently, the amount of chondroid tissue was greater and collagen organization was better in the control group than in the OVX group. Cells expressing cathepsin K were significantly more numerous both at the insertion site and in cancellous bone in the OVX group than in the control group. Conclusion: The estrogen-deficient state by ovariectomy, compared with control rats, led to decreased biomechanical properties and poor development of chondroid tissue that influenced the repair of the tendon insertion after surgery. Clinical Relevance: Agents that modulate bone metabolism might improve tendon-to-bone healing in patients with an estrogen-deficient state, such as postmenopausal women who undergo rotator cuff surgery.

scholarly journals Ethanol extract of Psoralea corylifolia L. and its main constituent, bakuchiol, reduce bone loss in ovariectomised Sprague–Dawley rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 101 (7) ◽  
pp. 1031-1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun-Hye Lim ◽  
Tae-Youl Ha ◽  
Sung-Ran Kim ◽  
Jiyun Ahn ◽  
Hyun Jin Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Binding Affinity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Vehicle Group ◽  
Psoralea Corylifolia ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether ethanol extracts of Psoralea corylifolia L. (PCE) and its active component protect against bone loss in ovariectomised rats. We screened oestrogenic activities of the main extract fractions using in vitro assays and identified bakuchiol as the most active oestrogenic component by HPLC and LC/MS, and then demonstrated that bakuchiol had strong binding affinity for oestrogen receptor (ER) α. Seventy female Sprague–Dawley rats were assigned to either a sham-operated group (n 10) or an ovariectomised group (n 60). The ovariectomised group was subdivided into six groups, each containing ten rats: vehicle group, two bakuchiol-treated groups (dose of 15 mg/kg per d or 30 mg/kg per d; ten rats for each group), two PCE-supplemented groups (0·25 % or 0·5 % extracts of diets; ten rats for each group) and a 17β-oestradiol (E2)-treated group (20 μg/kg per d). We recorded weight and feed intake every week, and killed all animals after 6 weeks. Blood was collected, and the uterus, kidneys and livers were removed. Bakuchiol has a three-fold higher binding affinity for ERα than for ERβ. Bakuchiol and PCE treatments had no uterotrophic activity even though they demonstrated oestrogenic activity in the in vitro assays. Bakuchiol and PCE treatments reduced postmenopausal bone loss by increasing alkaline phosphatase, Ca concentrations, serum E2 concentration and bone mineral density, and by decreasing the inorganic P level. The present study indicated that bakuchiol and PCE treatments could protect against bone loss.

scholarly journals Tissue Selectivity of the Anabolic Steroid, 19-Nor-4-Androstenediol-3β,17β-Diol in Male Sprague Dawley Rats: Selective Stimulation of Muscle Mass and Bone Mineral Density Relative to Prostate Mass

Endocrinology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 149 (4) ◽  
pp. 1987-1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie T. Page ◽  
Brett T. Marck ◽  
James M. Tolliver ◽  
Alvin M. Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Anabolic Steroids ◽  
Levator Ani ◽  
Levator Ani Muscle ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Tissue Selectivity ◽  
Prostate Growth ◽  
Stimulation Of

Stimulation of prostate growth is a major concern with testosterone therapy in older hypogonadal men. As a result, nonsteroidal selective androgen receptor modulators with anabolic activity but less prostate stimulation are being developed. Anabolic steroids might exhibit similar tissue selectivity. We hypothesized the anabolic steroid 19-nor-4-androstenediol-3β,17β-diol (3β,19-NA) would increase muscle, lean body mass (LBM), and bone mineral density (BMD) with little stimulation of prostate growth. Male Sprague Dawley rats were implanted with SILASTIC brand (Dow Corning, Midland, MI) capsules containing 3β,19-NA (4, 8, or 16 cm), dihydrotestosterone (DHT) (8 cm), 19-nortestosterone (16 cm), or four empty capsules after undergoing either a sham operation (intact) or orchidectomy (ORX). Serum gonadotropins, measured after 4, 8, or 24 wk of treatment, were significantly lower in 3β,19-NA-treated vs. untreated, intact, and ORX rats (P < 0.05), and testosterone was lowered by 3β,19-NA-treatment of intact animals. LBM and BMD were assessed after 20 wk, and 4 wk later, rats were killed for levator ani muscle and prostate weights. Compared with ORX rats, 3β,19-NA-treated rats had dose-dependent higher levator ani muscle weights, LBM, and BMD, which were similar to intact and DHT-treated rats at the highest 3β,19-NA dose. In contrast, prostate weights in all 3β,19-NA-treated groups were similar to ORX rats and lower than intact and DHT- and 19-nortestosterone-treated rats even at the highest 3β,19-NA dose. In summary, 3β,19-NA increases muscle and bone mass without significant stimulation of prostate growth, suggesting it may have some properties of a steroidal selective androgen receptor modulator. Anabolic steroids such as 3β,19-NA should be studied further to determine their mechanisms of tissue selectivity and effects in men.

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