scholarly journals Controlling the thermal conductivity of multilayer graphene by strain

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaito Nakagawa ◽  
Kazuo Satoh ◽  
Shuichi Murakami ◽  
Kuniharu Takei ◽  
Seiji Akita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Device Fabrication ◽  
Multilayer Graphene ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Thermal Switches ◽  
Heat Transport Properties ◽  
Generation Information

AbstractStraintronics is a new concept to enhance electronic device performances by strain for next-generation information sensors and energy-saving technologies. The lattice deformation in graphene can modulate the thermal conductivity because phonons are the main heat carriers. However, the device fabrication process affects graphene’s heat transport properties due to its high stretchability. This study experimentally investigates the change in the thermal conductivity when biaxial tensile strain is applied to graphene. To eliminate non-strain factors, two mechanisms are considered: pressure-induced and electrostatic attraction–induced strain. Raman spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy precisely estimate the strain. The thermal conductivity of graphene decreases by approximately 70% with a strain of only 0.1%. Such thermal conductivity controllability paves the way for applying graphene as high-efficiency thermal switches and diodes in future thermal management devices.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Surface Modification on Tin-Doped Indium Oxide Nanocomposite Properties

Nanomaterials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Arash Fattahi ◽  
Peyman Koohsari ◽  
Muhammad Shadman Lakmehsari ◽  
Khashayar Ghandi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Device Fabrication ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electrocatalytic Properties ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Computational Data ◽  
The Impact

This review provides an analysis of the theoretical methods to study the effects of surface modification on structural properties of nanostructured indium tin oxide (ITO), mainly by organic compounds. The computational data are compared with experimental data such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) data with the focus on optoelectronic and electrocatalytic properties of the surface to investigate potential relations of these properties and applications of ITO in fields such as biosensing and electronic device fabrication. Our analysis shows that the change in optoelectronic properties of the surface is mainly due to functionalizing the surface with organic molecules and that the electrocatalytic properties vary as a function of size.

Afm Studies of Surface Roughness of Borophosphosilicate Glass (BPSG) Films and Their Impact on Defect Detection Capability for Sub Micron Vlsi Technology

1992 ◽  
Vol 280 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Rojhantalab ◽  
M. Moinpour ◽  
N. Peter ◽  
M.L.A. Dass ◽  
W. Hough ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Defect Detection ◽  
Device Fabrication ◽  
Interlayer Dielectric ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Si Substrates ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Vlsi Technology ◽  
Borophosphosilicate Glass

ABSTRACTChemically vapor deposited borophosphosilicate glass (BPSG) has been widely used in microelectronic device fabrication as interlayer dielectric film due to its excellent planarization, gettering and flow properties. With device geometry reducing to sub micron levels, there is an increasingly greater emphasis on detection and elimination of sub micron defects particularly on deposited film. In this paper, we report on the evaluation and characterization of the surface roughness of BPSG films of various thicknesses and film compositions deposited on Si substrates using the Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The effects of high temperature densification process on the surface roughness are presented. The defect detection capabilities of conventional laser-based particle counters with respect to the surface roughness of BPSG films are investigated.

Light Trapping by Periodically Structured TCO in the Submicrometer Range

2000 ◽  
Vol 609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Eisele ◽  
Christoph E. Nebel ◽  
Martin Stutzmann
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Total Internal Reflection ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Light Trapping ◽  
Diffraction Order ◽  
Hydrogenated Silicon ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Amorphous Hydrogenated Silicon ◽  
Aluminum Doped Zinc Oxide

ABSTRACTAmorphous hydrogenated silicon (a-Si:H) solar cells need efficient light trapping structures to achieve high efficiency. To this end, aluminum doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Al) as a transparent front contact was periodically structured. Solar cells with grating periods between 390 and 980 nm were realized. The structures were characterized by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and optical reflection. A simple formula for the wavelength where total internal reflection starts is deduced for each diffraction order. Solar cells with a periodic grating show a significant reduction in the overall reflectance which is comparable to cells with an optimized statistical texture.

Mapping thermal conductivity using bimetallic atomic force microscopy probes

2006 ◽  
Vol 88 (23) ◽  
pp. 233501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjan Grover ◽  
Brendan McCarthy ◽  
Dror Sarid ◽  
Ibrahim Guven
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force

scholarly journals Scalable integration of nano-, and microfluidics with hybrid two-photon lithography

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Vanderpoorten ◽  
Quentin Peter ◽  
Pavan K. Challa ◽  
Ulrich F. Keyser ◽  
Jeremy Baumberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Molecule ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Device Fabrication ◽  
Successful Operation ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Nanofluidic Channels ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Nanofluidic Devices ◽  
Nanofluidic Device

Abstract Nanofluidic devices have great potential for applications in areas ranging from renewable energy to human health. A crucial requirement for the successful operation of nanofluidic devices is the ability to interface them in a scalable manner with the outside world. Here, we demonstrate a hybrid two photon nanolithography approach interfaced with conventional mask whole-wafer UV-photolithography to generate master wafers for the fabrication of integrated micro and nanofluidic devices. Using this approach we demonstrate the fabrication of molds from SU-8 photoresist with nanofluidic features down to 230 nm lateral width and channel heights from micron to sub-100 nm. Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy were used to characterize the printing capabilities of the system and show the integration of nanofluidic channels into an existing microfluidic chip design. The functionality of the devices was demonstrated through super-resolution microscopy, allowing the observation of features below the diffraction limit of light produced using our approach. Single molecule localization of diffusing dye molecules verified the successful imprint of nanochannels and the spatial confinement of molecules to 200 nm across the nanochannel molded from the master wafer. This approach integrates readily with current microfluidic fabrication methods and allows the combination of microfluidic devices with locally two-photon-written nano-sized functionalities, enabling rapid nanofluidic device fabrication and enhancement of existing microfluidic device architectures with nanofluidic features.

Anthracene dopping effects on thin films properties of octakis(alkylthio) substituted lutetium bisphthalocyanine

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (06n07) ◽  
pp. 454-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aseel Hassan ◽  
Tamara Basova ◽  
Ayşe Gül Gürek ◽  
Vefa Ahsen
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Organic Solar Cells ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Structural And Electrical Properties ◽  
Device Applications

In this work, the investigation of structural features, spectral and electrical properties of spin-coated films of substituted lutetium bisphthalocyanine Lu ( Pc ( SR )8)2, where R = - C 6 H 13 was carried out. The current-voltage characteristics of ITO/ Lu ( Pc ( SR )8)2/ Al film sandwich structures were measured over the temperature range 120–380 K. AC electrical properties, mainly the dependence of conductance and capacitance on frequency and temperature are also discussed. Structural and electrical properties of anthracene-doped Lu ( Pc ( SR )8)2, films have also been investigated. Furthermore, optical properties of thin films of pure and anthracene-doped Lu ( Pc ( SR )8)2 films were also studied using spectroscopic ellipsometry, while atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to study changes in films' morphology of doped films and compared with that of undoped films. Doping Lu ( Pc ( SR )8)2, films with anthracene is shown to lead to an increase in films' conductivity. These studies will provide full understanding of the physical properties of the Lu ( Pc ( SR )8)2, thin films, both doped and undoped, with the aim of exploitation in electronic device applications, such as fabrication of all organic solar cells.

scholarly journals FABRICATION OF AG SB (SXSE1-X)2 /SI HETEROJUNCTION FOR SOLAR CELL APPLICATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-56
Author(s):  
Hiba H.ISSA
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Cubic Phase ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
Solar Cell Application ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
Quenching Method

The preparation of the AgSb (SxSe1-x)2 was done by the quenching method. It is a quaternary substance with sulfur. Preparation of AgSb (SxSe1-x)2 thin films with sulfur was done on the glass substrate at room temperature 303K with a pressure vacuum of (0.01) bar by using a technique called pulsed laser deposition at thickness (~100 nanometres). The structural properties of alloys thin films are tested by x-ray diffraction analysis. Our findings showed that all compounds have polycrystalline structure with cubic phase due to the deposition of the AgSb (SxSe1-x)2. The atomic force microscopy is used for showing mean size, wherever mean size decreases, and the roughness becomes more irregularity with the increase of sulphur level in the alloys. The electrical measurements of AgSb (SxSe1-x)2 /p-Si and AgSb (SxSe1-x)2/n-Si heterojunctions which is included I-V properties cell area structures of(0.61) cm2 were measured. The AgSb (SxSe1-x)2/n-Si showed the best results with a maximum open voltage Voc of these heterojunctions with Sulfur level x= 0.4). It was most suitable for solar cell high efficiency (η = 0.07%) at x= 0.4 on n-Si substrate. Keywords: Ag Sb, Quenching Method, Cell Application.

scholarly journals Cellulose-Inorganic Hybrids of Strongly Reduced Thermal Conductivity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Spiliopoulos ◽  
Marie Gestranius ◽  
Chao Zhang ◽  
Ramin Ghiyasi ◽  
John Tomko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Spin Coating ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibers ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Organic Hybrid ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Layer Deposition ◽  
Helium Ion

Abstract The employment of atomic layer deposition and spin coating techniques for preparing inorganic-organic hybrid multilayer structures of alternating ZnO-CNC layers was explored in this study. Helium ion microscopy and X-ray reflectivity showed the superlattice formation for the nanolaminate structures and atomic force microscopy established the efficient control of the CNCs surface coverage on the Al-doped ΖnO by manipulating the concentration of the spin coating solution. Thickness characterization of the hybrid structures was performed via both ellipsometry and X-ray reflectivity and the thermal conductivity was examined by time domain thermoreflectance technique. It appears that even the incorporation of a limited amount of CNCs between the ZnO laminates strongly suppresses the thermal conductivity. Even small, submonolayer amounts of CNCs worked as a more efficient insulating material than hydroquinone or cellulose nanofibers which have been employed in previous studies.

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