scholarly journals Forensic odontology, part 1. Dental identification

BDJ ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 210 (5) ◽  
pp. 219-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hinchliffe
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
Dental Identification

scholarly journals Identification of Deceased Children of Nepal Airlines Crash through Dental Age Estimation

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (208) ◽  
pp. 469-71
Author(s):  
Nitin Kumar Agrawal ◽  
Samarika Dahal ◽  
Harihar Wasti
Keyword(s):  
Age Estimation ◽  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
Mixed Dentition ◽  
Dental Age ◽  
Dental Age Estimation ◽  
Biological Profile ◽  
Disaster Victim Identification ◽  
Victim Identification ◽  
Dental Identification ◽  
Important Means

Identification of victims in a disaster is a challenging process and requires use of both primary and secondary identifiers. Development of teeth is one of the routinely used methods of age estimation and helps in establishing deceased biological profile. Two children who lost their lives in 2014 in Nepal Airlines crash, were looked for the dental developmental status. One of the children had primary dentition, while the other had mixed dentition. This helped us in estimating age of these individuals reconciled with the chronological age provided by the relatives. This led to the identification of both the children, thus, emphasizing teeth as important means of identification in any disaster. Keywords: dental age; dental identification; disaster victim identification; forensic dentistry; forensic odontology.

scholarly journals Dental Evidence in Forensic Identification – An Overview, Methodology and Present Status

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 250-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kewal Krishan ◽  
Tanuj Kanchan ◽  
Arun K Garg
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Wear ◽  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
The Body ◽  
Forensic Identification ◽  
Disaster Victim Identification ◽  
Dental Identification ◽  
Legal Context ◽  
Unique Identity ◽  
Dental Evidence ◽  
Mass Murders

Forensic odontology is primarily concerned with the use of teeth and oral structures for identification in a legal context. Various forensic odontology techniques help in the identification of the human remains in incidents such as terrorists’ attacks, airplane, train and road accidents, fires, mass murders, and natural disasters such as tsunamis, earth quakes and floods, etc. (Disaster Victim Identification-DVI). Dental structures are the hardest and well protected structures in the body. These structures resist decomposition and high temperatures and are among the last ones to disintegrate after death. The principal basis of the dental identification lies in the fact that no two oral cavities are alike and the teeth are unique to an individual. The dental evidence of the deceased recovered from the scene of crime/occurrence is compared with the ante-mortem records for identification. Dental features such as tooth morphology, variations in shape and size, restorations, pathologies, missing tooth, wear patterns, crowding of the teeth, colour and position of the tooth, rotations and other peculiar dental anomalies give every individual a unique identity. In absence of ante-mortem dental records for comparison, the teeth can help in the determination of age, sex, race/ethnicity, habits, occupations, etc. which can give further clues regarding the identity of the individuals. This piece of writing gives an overview of dental evidence, its use in forensic identification and its limitations.

scholarly journals Digitalised exercise material in forensic odontology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ina C. Knivsberg ◽  
Simen E. Kopperud ◽  
Mai-Britt Bjørk ◽  
Gerald Torgersen ◽  
Katarzyna Skramstad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Development ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
Educational Material ◽  
Teaching Material ◽  
Electronic Patient Records ◽  
Dental Identification ◽  
Digital Radiographs ◽  
Teaching Concept ◽  
Dental Records

Abstract Introduction This paper presents digital educational material in forensic odontology, including dental identification after multiple fatalities and dental age estimation from different age groups. Material and method Electronic patient records consisting of intraoral scans of the dentition, digital radiographs, photographs and written dental records were collected. Exercises in age estimations contained digital radiographs and photographs of ground tooth sections, with digital measuring tools and tables according to age groups. The teaching material was organised as a module in an electronic Learning Management System with external links to all relevant teaching material. Results For the identification exercises, intraoral scans and the latest digital radiographs simulated the postmortem examination of the deceased. For comparison, all other radiographs, photographs and dental records were available as antemortem material. The exercise was to match postmortem findings with the antemortem records using the Interpol standard and reconciliation. Age assessment of children used designated tables to grade tooth development on digital radiographs. For adults, non-destructive methods, digital radiographs, photographs and measuring tools were used. Discussion The teaching concept was hybrid, but it can easily be adapted as a fully digital exercise. The instructions and written material can be translated into different languages. The level of difficulty in the exercises can be adjusted according to the participant’s level of knowledge. Conclusion The educational material embraces the new possibilities for digitalisation and intraoral scanning. This might be a valuable tool for motivating and engaging the students in their participation and understanding of the subject.

Digital Applications in Forensic Odontology

2011 ◽  
pp. 217-225
Author(s):  
Robert E. Barsley ◽  
David R. Senn ◽  
Thomas J. David ◽  
Franklin D. Wright ◽  
Gregory S. Golden
Keyword(s):  
Human Remains ◽  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
Forensic Dentistry ◽  
Person Identification ◽  
Digital Revolution ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Dental Identification ◽  
Bite Mark ◽  
Digital Methods ◽  
The Impact

Forensic Odontology or forensic dentistry is the use of dental expertise, dental findings, and dental facts in legal proceedings. The principal efforts of dentists in this regard are geared toward establishing the identity of unknown human remains or verifying the identity of visually unrecognizable human remains. The digital revolution has impacted all aspects of forensic odontology. This chapter will discuss the impact on person identification through dental means, dental identification in mass or disaster victim incidents, establishing the age of an unknown individual or human remains through dental examination, digital photography in dentistry and forensic odontology, and the use of digital methods in the analysis and comparison of bite mark evidence.

scholarly journals Maintenance of Dental Records and Forensic Odontology Awareness: A Survey of Croatian Dentists with Implications for Dental Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Ivana Savić Pavičin ◽  
Ana Jonjić ◽  
Ivana Maretić ◽  
Jelena Dumančić ◽  
Ajla Zymber Çeshko
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Dental Education ◽  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
General Information ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Legal Requirements ◽  
Dental Identification ◽  
Forensic Expertise ◽  
Dental Records

Forensic odontology is the application of dentistry within the criminal justice system. Forensic expertise, including dental identification, mostly relies on dental records. We explored the practice of maintaining dental records among Croatian dentists, as well as their knowledge of legal regulations and the application of dental records in forensic odontology. In all, 145 dentists participated in an online survey. Questions covered general information on dentists, maintenance of dental records, and knowledge of legal requirements and forensic odontology. Overall, 70% of dentists obtain and archive written informed consents, while 87% record dental status. Generally, non-carious dental lesions and developmental dental anomalies were not recorded. About 72% of dentists record filling material and surfaces. Only 32% of dentists know the legal requirements for keeping records, whereas 21% have no knowledge of forensic odontology and its purpose. The survey revealed different practices in the maintenance of dental records, including significant flaws and lack of awareness of its forensic importance. This obvious need for additional education on proper maintenance of dental records could be met by including forensic odontology in compulsory undergraduate courses and postgraduate dental education. Establishing national and international standards in dental charting would comply with contemporary trends in health care and the requirements of forensic expertise.

scholarly journals 3D Multislice and Cone-beam Computed Tomography Systems for Dental Identification

2017 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hana Eliášová ◽  
Taťjana Dostálová
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Image Artifacts ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
3D Images ◽  
Digital Radiology ◽  
Dental Identification ◽  
Special Software

3D Multislice and Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in forensic odontology has been shown to be useful not only in terms of one or a few of dead bodies but also in multiple fatality incidents. 3D Multislice and Cone-beam computed tomography and digital radiography were demonstrated in a forensic examination form. 3D images of the skull and teeth were analysed and validated for long ante mortem/post mortem intervals. The image acquisition was instantaneous; the images were able to be optically enlarged, measured, superimposed and compared prima vista or using special software and exported as a file. Digital radiology and computer tomography has been shown to be important both in common criminalistics practices and in multiple fatality incidents. Our study demonstrated that CBCT imaging offers less image artifacts, low image reconstruction times, mobility of the unit and considerably lower equipment cost.

scholarly journals Electronic health record and blockchain architecture: forensic chain hypothesis for human identification

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Nuzzolese
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Health Record ◽  
Human Identification ◽  
Electronic Record ◽  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
Health Record ◽  
Record System ◽  
Data Repositories ◽  
Dental Identification ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Electronic Health

Abstract Background Forensic dental identification relies on the collection and comparison of antemortem and postmortem dental data and dental evidence. There are software solutions capable of archiving postmortem (PM) and antemortem (AM) data, with search and comparative tools which are user-centric and do not allow open search options and data mining of all dental related data, except through the use of coded data. This reduces interoperability and raises dental data incompatibility challenges. Blockchain technology could help introduce a trusted, secure, and holistic ecosystem in the electronic health record (EHR) system with a forensic interface accessed by experts in forensic pathology and forensic odontology for the purpose of identifying human remains and retrieve identifying data of compatible missing persons from the health and dental electronic record system, with the further advantage of protecting data breaches, redundancies, inconsistencies, and errors. Blockchain technology, and a forensic chain, can enhance forensic data management and human identification process by managing the missing person lists, create AM data repositories as shared data with the EHRs of living individuals, create PM data repositories of recovered from identifying autopsies unidentified persons, and support the preliminary comparison of compatible biological profiles during the final reconciliation phase. Conclusion In this hypothesis, author investigates possible applications of blockchain technology as a holistic technical and interoperability solution for managing both health/dental data for a medical as forensic human identification use.

A fogászati személy- és áldozatazonosítás régi és új módszerei. Irodalmi áttekintés

2015 ◽  
Vol 156 (19) ◽  
pp. 755-763
Author(s):  
Csilla Dézsi ◽  
Krisztina Ágnes Mágori ◽  
Károly Szili
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
National Policy ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
Identification Rate ◽  
Disaster Victims ◽  
Dental Identification ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Custom Made Prostheses

The aim of this paper was to create a comprehensive literature review on forensic dental methods. This literature review is based on historical and the latest results of the forensic odontology. Thus, this comparative study deals with various methods including certain dental identification methods which are easy to use and do not require advanced technological background. Nowadays, the main reasons for the use of forensic odontology methods are natural disasters, however, their sensitivity depends on the availability of proper dental documentation of the subject/victim. Custom made prostheses offer the most accurate dental identification, which can allow an identification rate of 99.9%. Combination of different methods can also exhibit a high sensitivity (40–99.9%). It seems important that separation of old and novel methods is not recommended. Also, it is important to maintain and upgrade present methods which are capable of identifying one or more subjects/victims in practice. The authors propose several methods which could serve as a base of the new national policy in forensic dental identification and could be used by teams dealing with the identification of disaster victims. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(19), 755–763.

scholarly journals Forensic Application of Palatal Rugae in Dental Identification

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (199) ◽  
pp. 151-155
Author(s):  
Sartaj Singh Wazir ◽  
Pallok Arora ◽  
Rahul Srivastava ◽  
Sameer Rastogi
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Anatomy ◽  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
Forensic Sciences ◽  
Dental Identification ◽  
Palatal Rugae ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Difference ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Keywords Forensic Science

Introduction: The palatal rugae are anatomical folds or wrinkles located on the anterior third of the palate behind the incisive papilla on each side of the palatal raphe. The rugae patterns have been studied for various purposes mainly in the field of anthropology, comparative anatomy, genetics, prosthodontics, orthodontics and forensic odontology. This study is aimed to determine the difference in number and pattern of palatal rugae in males and females. Methods: This is a prospective study in which maxillary impressions of 50 volunteers, 25 males and 25 females were taken and the casts prepared. The boundaries of the rugae were marked with a HB pencil and were observed with a magnifying glass following the classification used by Kapali, et al, (1997). Association between rugae number and sex and rugae shape and sex were tested using two sample unpaired t test. Results: The study revealed significant difference in the pattern of converge rugae which were found to be higher in females than males, however, no statistical significant difference was found in the number of rugae between the two sexes. Conclusions: The rugae pattern can be an additional method of differentiation between the males and females in conjunction with the other methods used in forensic sciences. Keywords: forensic science; human identification; palatal rugae.

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