scholarly journals Induction of aromatic catabolic activity in Sphingomonas aromaticivorans strain F199

1999 ◽  
Vol 23 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 303-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
M F Romine ◽  
J K Fredrickson ◽  
S-M W Li
Keyword(s):  
Catabolic Activity ◽  
Sphingomonas Aromaticivorans

Bioaccessibility of Tudela artichoke (Cynara scolymus cv. Blanca de Tudela) (poly)phenols: the effects of heat treatment, simulated gastrointestinal digestion and human colonic microbiota

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maite Domínguez-Fernández ◽  
Iziar A. Ludwig ◽  
María-Paz De Peña ◽  
Concepción Cid
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Gastrointestinal Digestion ◽  
Cynara Scolymus ◽  
Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion ◽  
Catabolic Activity ◽  
Colonic Microbiota ◽  
Positive Effect

Heat treatment exerts a positive effect on the bioaccessibility of artichoke (poly)phenols after gastrointestinal digestion. In the first 2 h of fermentation, native (poly)phenols were readily degraded by an important microbial catabolic activity.

scholarly journals A directed approach to the selection of bacteria with enhanced catabolic activity

2001 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 162-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Heesche-Wagner ◽  
T. Schwarz ◽  
M. Kaufmann
Keyword(s):  
Catabolic Activity ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Infection-Associated Decline of Cape Buffalo Blood Catalase Augments Serum Trypanocidal Activity

1999 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 2797-2803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Wang ◽  
Noel Murphy ◽  
Samuel J. Black
Keyword(s):  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Lytic Activity ◽  
Infected Cattle ◽  
Trypanocidal Activity ◽  
Catabolic Activity ◽  
Oxidative Response ◽  
Cape Buffalo

ABSTRACT Clearance of trypanosomes from the blood of infected Cape buffalo was associated with the development of two responses: (i) complement-dependent and clone-specific lytic activity and (ii) complement-independent trypanocidal activity that was not restricted by trypanosome clone or species. This latter activity was mediated by H2O2 and required the presence of xanthine oxidase in serum but not the addition of purine substrates. Expression of the xanthine oxidase-dependent trypanocidal activity in Cape buffalo serum was coincident with, and required, a decline in its H2O2catabolic activity. The H2O2 catabolic activity of Cape buffalo serum was due solely to catalase and declined by eightfold around the time that trypanosomes were cleared from the blood, accompanied by a fivefold drop in erythrocyte-associated catalase activity. The Cape buffalo did not develop subsequent parasitemic waves. Clearance of parasitemia in similarly infected cattle was also associated with development of trypanosome clone-specific lytic activity, but not with the acquisition of H2O2-dependent trypanocidal activity in serum, and the cattle supported recurring parasitemia. The lack of trypanocidal activity in pre- and postinfection cattle sera was due to their low content of xanthine oxidase and sustained catalase activity. These data strongly suggest that an infection-induced serum oxidative response, the efficacy of which is amplified by a decline in blood catalase, contributes to suppression of recurring parasitemia in Cape buffalo.

scholarly journals Expanded insecticide catabolic activity gained by a single nucleotide substitution in a bacterial carbamate hydrolase gene

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 4878-4887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Başak Öztürk ◽  
Maarten Ghequire ◽  
Thi Phi Oanh Nguyen ◽  
René De Mot ◽  
Ruddy Wattiez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Substitution ◽  
Single Nucleotide Substitution ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Catabolic Activity

Comparison of the catabolic activity and catabolic profiles of rhizospheric, gravel-associated and interstitial microbial communities in treatment wetlands

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 886-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kela P. Weber ◽  
Raymond L. Legge
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Microbial Population ◽  
Interstitial Water ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Treatment Wetlands ◽  
Vertical Flow ◽  
Catabolic Activity ◽  
General Difference ◽  
Wetland Mesocosms

Microbial communities play a critical role in degrading organic contaminants in treatment wetlands; however, an understanding of the different roles played by rhizospheric, gravel-associated and interstitial microbial communities is deficient due to a lack of data directly comparing these microbial communities. Community level physiological profiling (CLPP) was used to compare the catabolic capabilities of rhizospheric, gravel-associated and interstitial microbial communities in vertical-flow planted and unplanted wetland mesocosms. Wetland mesocosms were decommissioned to gather microbial community samples associated with the roots and gravel bed media taken from the top (10 cm depth), middle (30 cm depth) and bottom (60 cm depth). The catabolic capabilities of the rhizospheric microbial communities were seen to be much greater than those of the gravel-associated communities. A decrease in catabolic capability was seen with increasing depth, suggesting that communities near the surface play a larger role in the degradation of carbon-based compounds. A general difference in catabolic profiles based on plant presence/absence was observed for the interstitial water and all gravel-associated samples at all depths, suggesting that the presence of roots within part of the mesocosm not only has a localized effect on the attached microbial population, but also on gravel-associated microbial communities throughout the mesocosms.

A novel catabolic activity of Pseudomonas veronii in biotransformation of pentachlorophenol

2003 ◽  
Vol 62 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 284-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.-H. Nam ◽  
Y.-S. Chang ◽  
H.-B. Hong ◽  
Y.-E. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Catabolic Activity ◽  
Pseudomonas Veronii

scholarly journals Impact of Fermentable Protein, by Feeding High Protein Diets, on Microbial Composition, Microbial Catabolic Activity, Gut Health and beyond in Pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1735
Author(s):  
Hanlu Zhang ◽  
Nikkie van der Wielen ◽  
Bart van der Hee ◽  
Junjun Wang ◽  
Wouter Hendriks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Catabolic Activity ◽  
High Protein Diets ◽  
Protein Diets

In pigs, high protein diets have been related to post-weaning diarrhoea, which may be due to the production of protein fermentation metabolites that were shown to have harmful effects on the intestinal epithelium in vitro. In this review, we discussed in vivo effects of protein fermentation on the microbial composition and their protein catabolic activity as well as gut and overall health. The reviewed studies applied different dietary protein levels, which was assumed to result in contrasting fermentable protein levels. A general shift to N-utilisation microbial community including potential pathogens was observed, although microbial richness and diversity were not altered in the majority of the studies. Increasing dietary protein levels resulted in higher protein catabolic activity as evidenced by increased concentration of several protein fermentation metabolites like biogenic amines in the digesta of pigs. Moreover, changes in intestinal morphology, permeability and pro-inflammatory cytokine concentrations were observed and diarrhoea incidence was increased. Nevertheless, higher body weight and average daily gain were observed upon increasing dietary protein level. In conclusion, increasing dietary protein resulted in higher proteolytic fermentation, altered microbial community and intestinal physiology. Supplementing diets with fermentable carbohydrates could be a promising strategy to counteract these effects and should be further investigated.

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