Chapter 1 defines grand strategy and international order. It then explores how rising powers displace hegemonic order through strategies of blunting, building, and expansion. First, the chapter argues that grand strategy is a theory of how a state can achieve security integrated across military, political, and economic means; and that finding it requires evidence of grand strategic concepts, capabilities, and conduct. Second, the chapter argues that international order emerges from a web of hierarchical relationships sustained by “forms of control” including coercion, inducement, and legitimacy—and that US-China competition is primarily over regional and global order. Finally, the chapter argues that rising powers can blunt a rival order by weakening its “forms of control” and build order by strengthening their own. Rising power perceptions of the hegemon’s power and threat shape the selection of rising power grand strategies.
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