Thickened Liquids

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Mertz Garcia ◽  
Edgar Chambers ◽  
Michelle Molander
Keyword(s):  
Staff Training ◽  
Practice Patterns ◽  
Intervention Strategy ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
Thickened Liquids ◽  
Effective Intervention Strategy ◽  
Swallowing Difficulties ◽  
Thin Liquids ◽  
E Mail ◽  
Patients Acceptance

This study surveyed the practice patterns of speech-language pathologists in their use of thickened liquids for patients with swallowing difficulties. A 25-item Internet survey about thickened liquids was posted via an e-mail list to members of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association Division 13, Swallowing and Swallowing Disorders (Dysphagia). Responses of 145 professionals who primarily manage adult dysphagia are reported. Although the majority affirmed that thickening thin liquids was an effective intervention strategy, opinions about effectiveness were more favorable for nectar-thick versus honey-like and spoon-thick consistencies. Respondents also acknowledged that their patients had little liking for thickened liquids. Results highlight issues related to products and staff training, as well as perceptions concerning the factors that might affect patients’ acceptance of and compliance with use of the products.

scholarly journals Determining the Impact of Thickened Liquids on Swallowing in Patients Undergoing Irradiation for Oropharynx Cancer

2021 ◽  
pp. 019459982110104
Author(s):  
Carly E. A. Barbon ◽  
Douglas B. Chepeha ◽  
Andrew J. Hope ◽  
Melanie Peladeau-Pigeon ◽  
Ashley A. Waito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Clinical Benefit ◽  
Oropharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Thickened Liquids ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Oropharynx Cancer ◽  
Post Radiation ◽  
Thin Liquids ◽  
The Impact

The current standard for the treatment of oropharynx cancers is radiation therapy. However, patients are frequently left with dysphagia characterized by penetration-aspiration (impaired safety) and residue (impaired efficiency). Although thickened liquids are commonly used to manage dysphagia, we lack evidence to guide the modification of liquids for clinical benefit in the head and neck cancer population. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of slightly and mildly thick liquids on penetration-aspiration and residue in 12 patients with oropharyngeal cancer who displayed penetration-aspiration on thin liquid within 3 to 6 months after completion of radiotherapy. Significantly fewer instances of penetration-aspiration were seen with slightly and mildly thick liquids as compared with thin ( P < .05). No differences were found across stimuli in the frequency of residue. Patients with oropharyngeal cancers who present with post–radiation therapy dysphagia involving penetration-aspiration on thin liquids may benefit from slightly and mildly thick liquids without risk of worse residue.

scholarly journals Expert practice patterns and opinions on corneal cross-linking for infectious keratitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. e000112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yen C Hsia ◽  
Caitlin A Moe ◽  
Thomas M Lietman ◽  
Jeremy D Keenan ◽  
Jennifer Rose-Nussbaumer
Keyword(s):  
Adjuvant Therapy ◽  
Practice Patterns ◽  
Acanthamoeba Keratitis ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
International Survey ◽  
Infectious Keratitis ◽  
Unknown Aetiology ◽  
Corneal Thinning

ObjectiveTo assess the current opinion and practice patterns from cornea experts regarding the benefit of corneal cross-linking (CXL) for infectious keratitis (IK).Methods and analysisAn international survey was distributed to corneal specialists via an internet survey. The survey data collected were analysed with descriptive statistics.ResultsA survey was sent to 190 recipients, and 29 (15%) respondents completed the survey with an average of 7 years’ experience using CXL. A majority of respondents (66%) used CXL to treat IK due to bacterial, fungal, protozoan or unknown aetiology. Main indications to use CXL as adjuvant therapy were worsening infiltrate diameter or depth despite therapy (74%), followed by antibiotic resistance (68%), corneal thinning (53%), poor compliance with medication (26%) and other reasons (21%). Most respondents felt CXL would be at least moderately helpful as an adjuvant therapy for bacterial (96%) or fungal (75%) keratitis; about half (46%) thought it would be helpful for acanthamoeba keratitis. As sole therapy, fewer respondents believed CXL would be at least moderately helpful to treat bacterial (75%), fungal (58%) and acanthamoeba (43%) keratitis.ConclusionThe survey offered insights into current expert practices and opinions of using CXL as therapy for IK. The results of this survey serve to guide in the design of future clinical studies.

scholarly journals The Transposition Project: origins, context and early findings

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Maryna Lishchynska et al.
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Strategy ◽  
Effective Intervention ◽  
Effective Intervention Strategy ◽  
Institute Of Technology

Within the Department of Mathematics at Cork Institute of Technology and at a wider level across the institute, the topic of transposition or rearranging equations has repeatedly been flagged as one of the most problematic. The transposition project aims to understand the reasons for students’ difficulties and develop an effective intervention strategy.

Postchill Antimicrobial Treatments To Control Salmonella, Listeria, and Campylobacter Contamination on Chicken Skin Used in Ground Chicken

2017 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 857-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suejee Park ◽  
Mark A. Harrison ◽  
Mark E. Berrang
Keyword(s):  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Meat Product ◽  
Intervention Strategy ◽  
Campylobacter Coli ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Effective Intervention Strategy ◽  
Chicken Skin ◽  
Regulatory Scrutiny ◽  
To Come ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatments

ABSTRACT Ground poultry products are frequently contaminated with foodborne pathogens. With the potential for increased regulatory scrutiny, it is important to use sufficient intervention strategies to control pathogen levels effectively. A large proportion of the bacteria introduced to ground chicken are likely to come from broiler skin, which is added to achieve target fat content and maintain product texture and taste. In this research, antimicrobials, including 50 ppm of chlorine and 1,200 ppm of peracetic acid (PAA), were applied in a postchill system to reduce the number of Salmonella Typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes, and Campylobacter coli inoculated on chicken skin used to formulate ground chicken. Results showed that chlorine provided no significant effect in reducing the number of pathogens in ground chicken made with treated skin compared with water treatment but that it did help decrease pathogens in postchill water. PAA was found to be an effective (P ≤ 0.05) antimicrobial agent, not only in reducing the number of pathogens on ground chicken, but also in postchill water. Treating chicken skin with PAA prior to inclusion in ground chicken can be an effective intervention strategy to lessen contamination in a ground chicken meat product.

Assessment of Physiological Health Status in Relations to Different Anthropometric and Cardio-Respiratory Measures of Head-Supported Load Carrying Male Porters of Sikkim, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Koushik Bhattacharya ◽  
Mahuya Patra Budiati
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Intervention Strategy ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Effective Intervention Strategy ◽  
Hilly Region ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
Heavy Loads

Background: Carrying heavy loads in the hilly region, porters face extreme ranges in terrain condition, sloped path that is very steep and lack of oxygen due to altitude. The porters in Sikkim, India, routinely carry head-supported loads, which often exceed their body weight, over long distances up and down the steep mountain footpaths which prompted us to assess occupational health status of these head supported load carrying porters. Objective: We aimed our study to evaluate physical and physiological status of male porters of Gangtok, Sikkim. Methods: Seventeen male porters and twenty one healthy as well as age matched (Age: 37 – 52 years) control subjects were selected for the study. Different physical, anthropometric and physiological parameters were studied. Students “t” test was performed to find out the significant difference (P less than 0.05), if any, between the selected variables. Results: Results of this study on male porters suggest that they are physically healthy but having spinal shrinkage along with lower hand grip strength and PEFR. Conclusion: This study supports the hypothesis that the male porters are associated with decreased lung function and increased spinal shrinkage. To develop an effective intervention strategy, the treatment seeking behavior of individuals would also need to be improved through awareness program

Is imperfect evaluation a deterrent to adoption of energy audit recommendations?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayaraman Chillayil ◽  
M. Suresh ◽  
Viswanathan PK ◽  
Sasi K. Kottayil
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Intervention Strategy ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Energy Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Efficiency Measures ◽  
Effective Intervention Strategy ◽  
Productivity Gains ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Efficiency Gap

PurposeEnergy-efficiency leads to productivity gains as it can lower operating and maintenance costs, increase production yields per unit of manufacturing input and improve staff accountability. Implementation of energy-efficient technologies amongst industries, the factors influencing them and the barriers to their adoption have been the subject of several studies during the past three to four decades. Though energy-use behaviours of individuals or households are sufficiently explored, industrial energy conservation behaviour is scarcely studied. This study identifies the relationship between the different behavioural elements to open up a door for behaviourally informed intervention research.Design/methodology/approachTotal interpretive structural modelling technique was used to determine the relationship between different elements of the behaviour of energy managers. Expert responses were collected to understand the relationship between the behavioural elements, through telephone interviews.FindingsThe study identified the relationship between the behavioural elements and found imperfect evaluation as the key element with the highest driving power to influence other elements.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors postulate that a behaviourally informed intervention strategy that looks into the elements with high driving power such as imperfect evaluation, lack of focus on energy-saving measures and the lack of sharing energy-saving objectives can lead to: an increase in the adoption of energy efficiency measures and thereby a reduction in the energy efficiency gap; greater productivity gains and reduced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions; Preparation of M&V protocol that incorporates behavioural, organisational and informational barriers.Social implicationsVarious policy level interventions and regulatory measures in the energy field which did not address the behavioural barriers are found unsuccessful in narrowing the energy-efficiency gap, reducing the GHG gas emissions and global warming. Understanding the key driving factor of behaviour can help to design an effective intervention strategy to address the barriers to energy efficiency improvement.Originality/valueUnderstanding the key driving factor of behaviour can help to design an effective intervention strategy to address the barriers to energy efficiency improvement. This study argues that through the systematic analysis of the imperfect evaluation of energy audit recommendations, it is possible to increase the adoption of energy efficiency measures that can lead to greater productivity gains and reduced GHG emissions.

Velopharyngeal Dysfunction and Sleep Apnea-A Survey to Ascertain Surgical Practice Patterns

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katelyn G. Bennett ◽  
Adina B. Robinson ◽  
Steven J. Kasten ◽  
Steven R. Buchman ◽  
Christian J. Vercler
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Practice Patterns ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Surgical Specialty ◽  
Sleep Study ◽  
Surgical Practice ◽  
Sleep Studies ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
E Mail ◽  
Question Survey

Objective To determine if all cleft surgeons uniformly and adequately evaluate patients with cleft for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and consider OSA in treatment of velopharyngeal dysfunction (VPD). Design A 22-question survey was administered via e-mail to 1117 surgeons who were members of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association. Logistic regression was used to determine if management was affected by years in practice, clinical volume, field of training, and region of practice. Main Outcome Measures We sought to determine if years in practice, clinical volume, region of practice, and surgical specialty affected surgeons’ evaluation of OSA and their approaches to VPD. Results A total of 231 surgeons responded (21% response rate), and 67% stated that they had trained in plastic surgery. With increasing years of practice, surgeons were less likely to refer patients for preoperative and postoperative sleep studies ( P = .00 and P = .001, respectively), screen patients for sleep apnea ( P = .008), or change their management based on a sleep study ( P = .001). There were no significant differences in screening or testing for OSA based upon clinical volume. Among those surveyed, otolaryngologists were more likely to refer patients for postoperative sleep studies ( P = .028). Surgeons in the Southeast were more likely to change their management based upon a sleep study ( P = .038). Conclusions Statistically significant trends in screening and testing for OSA in the setting of VPD were identified by this survey. Notably, older surgeons were less likely to investigate OSA in their patients, and not all specialties equally refer for postoperative sleep studies.

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