Effect of alveolar hypoxia on segmental pulmonary vascular resistance and lung fluid balance in dogs

Investigators have proposed that fibrinogen, fibrin, or their degradation products are essential for the increased lung vascular permeability to fluid and protein that may occur after microemboli. To test this hypothesis, we used 20 anesthetized ventilated sheep in which we measured lung lymph flow, pulmonary artery and left atrial pressures, thermodilution cardiac output, and lymph/plasma protein concentrations. We injected glass bead microemboli (200 micrometers diam) sufficient to raise pulmonary vascular resistance to three times base-line values and cause increased lung lymph flow with a parallel increase in protein clearance, which is characteristic of increased lung vascular permeability. Neither large doses of heparin (3,000 U/kg) nor fibrinogen depletion with viper venom (ancrod, 2 U/kg), by themselves, affected steady-state pulmonary hemodynamics or lung fluid balance. These treatments prior to giving sufficient amounts of emboli to triple the pulmonary vascular resistance did not prevent the increased lung vascular permeability. We conclude that neither fibrin deposition nor degradation are essential to microembolic lung vascular injury in sheep.

Download Full-text

Effects of alveolar hypoxia and reoxygenation on pulmonary capillary pressure and lung fluid balance in dogs

European Journal of Anaesthesiology ◽

10.1097/00003643-199701000-00018 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 62-63

Author(s):

K.-L. WELLING ◽

M. SANDER ◽

J. RAVN ◽

U. ABILDGAARD ◽

B. LARSEN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Capillary Pressure ◽

Fluid Balance ◽

Lung Fluid ◽

Lung Fluid Balance ◽

Pulmonary Capillary ◽

Pulmonary Capillary Pressure ◽

Alveolar Hypoxia

Download Full-text

Faculty Opinions recommendation of Nadph oxidase regulates alveolar epithelial sodium channel activity and lung fluid balance in vivo via O⁻₂ signaling.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.13996979.15453086 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Kenneth Hallows ◽

Mohammad Al-bataineh

Keyword(s):

Nadph Oxidase ◽

Sodium Channel ◽

Fluid Balance ◽

Epithelial Sodium Channel ◽

Channel Activity ◽

Alveolar Epithelial ◽

Lung Fluid ◽

Lung Fluid Balance

Download Full-text

Lung fluid balance in patients with heart failure: effect of beta‐2 adrenergic‐receptor stimulation

The FASEB Journal ◽

10.1096/fasebj.25.1_supplement.1045.5 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 25 (S1) ◽

Author(s):

Bryan Taylor ◽

Maile Ceridon ◽

Eric Snyder ◽

Alex Carlson ◽

Minelle Hulsebus ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Fluid Balance ◽

Adrenergic Receptor ◽

Receptor Stimulation ◽

Lung Fluid ◽

Lung Fluid Balance ◽

Patients With Heart Failure ◽

Beta 2

Download Full-text

Sodium transport and fluid balance in lungs from normal and dystrophic hamsters

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1994.77.4.1750 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 77 (4) ◽

pp. 1750-1754 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

W. F. Waltz ◽

J. A. Burbach ◽

E. H. Schlenker ◽

B. E. Goodman

Keyword(s):

Fluid Balance ◽

Sodium Transport ◽

Fluorescein Isothiocyanate ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Apparent Permeability ◽

Lung Fluid ◽

Lung Fluid Balance ◽

Permeability Surface ◽

Lower Permeability ◽

Sodium Clearance

Gravimetric and sodium transport characteristics of lungs from BIO 14.6 (dystrophic) hamsters were compared with those of lungs from golden Syrian (normal) hamsters at 30 and 150 days of age. Isolated perfused lungs were used to determine lung permeability and fluid balance differences between normal and dystrophic animals at both ages. Apparent permeability-surface area products for air space-to-vascular space sodium, sucrose, and fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled dextran fluxes were compared in the four groups of hamsters. Morphometric analysis of fixed lungs of representative hamsters from each group was also performed. Dystrophic hamsters exhibited higher lung wet-to-dry weight ratios than normal hamsters at both ages. Lungs from dystrophic hamsters were less sensitive to inhibition of sodium transport by amiloride than lungs from age-matched normal hamsters. Dystrophic hamster lungs had higher absolute permeabilities of the passively transported solutes, lower permeability values for sodium, and only one-half of the amiloride-sensitive sodium transport of lungs from age-matched normal hamsters. Differences in lung fluid balance between dystrophic and normal hamsters may be related to differences in sodium clearance.

Download Full-text

Inspiratory airway obstruction does not affect lung fluid balance in lambs

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1985.58.4.1314 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 58 (4) ◽

pp. 1314-1318 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

T. N. Hansen ◽

A. L. Gest ◽

S. Landers

Keyword(s):

Airway Obstruction ◽

Endotracheal Tube ◽

Fluid Balance ◽

Left Atrial ◽

Lymph Flow ◽

Lung Fluid ◽

Lung Fluid Balance ◽

Pulmonary Arterial ◽

Lung Lymph ◽

Lung Lymph Flow

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of inspiratory airway obstruction on lung fluid balance in newborn lambs. We studied seven 2- to 4-wk-old lambs that were sedated with chloral hydrate and allowed to breathe 30–40% O2 spontaneously through an endotracheal tube. We measured lung lymph flow, lymph and plasma protein concentrations, pulmonary arterial and left atrial pressures, mean and phasic pleural pressures and airway pressures, and cardiac output during a 2-h base-line period and then during a 2- to 3-h period of inspiratory airway obstruction produced by partially occluding the inspiratory limb of a nonrebreathing valve attached to the endotracheal tube. During inspiratory airway obstruction, both pleural and airway pressures decreased 5 Torr, whereas pulmonary arterial and left atrial pressures each decreased 4 Torr. As a result, calculated filtration pressure remained unchanged. Inspiratory airway obstruction had no effect on steady-state lung lymph flow or the lymph protein concentration relative to that of plasma. We conclude that in the spontaneously breathing lamb, any decrease in interstitial pressure resulting from inspiratory airway obstruction is offset by a decrease in microvascular hydrostatic pressure so that net fluid filtration remains unchanged.

Download Full-text