Dual diagnosis in offenders with intellectual disability: setting research priorities: a review of research findings concerning psychiatric disorder (excluding personality disorder) among offenders with intellectual disability

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (s1) ◽  
pp. 21-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Dual Diagnosis ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Research Findings

scholarly journals Substance misuse and violence: the scope and limitations of forensic psychiatry's role

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Snowden
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Violent Crime ◽  
Dual Diagnosis ◽  
Forensic Psychiatry ◽  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Violent Offenders ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
The Past ◽  
Forensic Case

For the past 25 years, forensic psychiatry has been concerned with violent offenders with psychosis and/or personality disorder. If dual diagnosis or comorbidity meant anything to a forensic psychiatrist, it would be the ‘typical’ forensic case – an individual with schizophrenia and a premorbid dissocial personality who had been arrested for a violent crime. In this article I use comorbidity to describe the co-occurrence of two or more conditions (here a psychiatric disorder and health problems arising from substance misuse) rather than dual diagnosis. In fact, many violent offenders have multiple diagnoses. Williams & Cohen (2000) argue that dual diagnosis suggests a closer relationship, perhaps including cause and effect, and is a subset of comorbidity.

scholarly journals Genomics research in Africa and its impact on global health: insights from African researchers

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. S. Munung ◽  
B. M. Mayosi ◽  
J. de Vries
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Genomics Research ◽  
African Populations ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
High Disease Burden

Africa may be heading for an era of genomics medicine. There are also expectations that genomics may play a role in reducing global health inequities. However, the near lack of genomics studies on African populations has led to concerns that genomics may widen, rather than close, the global health inequity gap. To prevent a possible genomics divide, the genomics ‘revolution’ has been extended to Africa. This is motivated, in part, by Africa's rich genetic diversity and high disease burden. What remains unclear, however, are the prospects of using genomics technology for healthcare in Africa. In this qualitative study, we explored the views of 17 genomics researchers in Africa on the prospects and challenges of genomics medicine in Africa. Interviewees were researchers in Africa who were involved in genomics research projects in Africa. Analysis of in-depth interviews suggest that genomics medicine may have an impact on disease surveillance, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. However, Africa's capacity for genomics medicine, current research priorities in genomics and the translation of research findings will be key defining factors impacting on the ability of genomics medicine to improve healthcare in Africa.

Strategic objectives for improving understanding of informant discrepancies in developmental psychopathology research

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 669-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andres De Los Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Developmental Psychopathology ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Informant Discrepancies ◽  
Multiple Informants ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
Behavioral Assessments ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Developmental Assessments

AbstractDevelopmental psychopathology researchers and practitioners commonly conduct behavioral assessments using multiple informants' reports (e.g., parents, teachers, practitioners, children, and laboratory observers). These assessments often yield inconsistent conclusions about important questions in developmental psychopathology research, depending on the informant (e.g., psychiatric diagnoses and risk factors of disorder). Researchers have theorized why informant discrepancies exist and advanced methodological models of informant discrepancies. However, over 50 years of empirical data has uncovered little knowledge about these discrepancies beyond that they exist, complicate interpretations of research findings and assessment outcomes in practice, and correlate with some characteristics of the informants providing reports (e.g., demographics and mood levels). Further, recent studies often yield take-home messages about the importance of taking a multi-informant approach to clinical and developmental assessments. Researchers draw these conclusions from their work, despite multi-informant approaches to assessment long being a part of best practices in clinical and developmental assessments. Consequently, developmental psychopathology researchers and practitioners are in dire need of a focused set of research priorities with the key goal of rapidly advancing knowledge about informant discrepancies. In this paper, I discuss these research priorities, review work indicating the feasibility of conducting research addressing these priorities, and specify what researchers and practitioners would gain from studies advancing knowledge about informant discrepancies in developmental psychopathology research.

scholarly journals Service innovations: a depersonalisation research unit progress report

2001 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Phillips ◽  
M. Sierra ◽  
E. Hunter ◽  
M. V. Lambert ◽  
N. Medford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Research Unit ◽  
Progress Report ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Neurological Illnesses

Depersonalisation was described clinically over 100 years ago, yet there has been little research into this interesting but distressing psychiatric disorder. The symptom of depersonalisation can occur alone or in the context of other psychiatric and neurological illnesses and is characterised by the experience of detachment from one's senses and the outside environment, and may be present for several years without remission. Two years after the establishment of the depersonalisation research unit at the Maudsley Hospital, London, we report on current neurobiological and clinical research findings, including functional magnetic resonance imaging, psychophysiology and neuroendocrinology and progress regarding the development of effective treatments.

scholarly journals Standardization and Validation of the Personality Disorder Inventory PSGP-IPDI

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-122
Author(s):  
K Abilash ◽  
P Sindhuja Manisha Kamini ◽  
T Jothimani
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Personality Inventory ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Characteristic Behavior ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Personality is the dynamic organization within the individual of those psychophysical systems that determine characteristic behavior and thought. Aim: To standardize and validate personality disorder inventory in clinical population. Methods and Samples: 100 Psychiatric patients were taken as a sample as a clinical population in various hospital Coimbatore age ranged 28 – 58. PSGP- IPDI- Indian Personality Disorder Inventory assessed for 100 psychiatric disorder individuals. Results: The relationship among the disorders of the personality inventory shows both positive and negative correlations among the dimensions most of the dimensions exhibited positive correlation. The internal consistency of the inventory is reliable.Conclusion: The personality disorder inventory is reliable and significant and this tool can be administered on the clinical population.

scholarly journals Agronomic Advancement in Tillage, Crop Rotation, Soil Health, and Genetic Gain in Durum Wheat Cultivation: A 17-Year Canadian Story

Agronomy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Li ◽  
Yining Niu ◽  
Yuefeng Ruan ◽  
Ron DePauw ◽  
Asheesh Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Genetic Gain ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
The World ◽  
Research Findings

The global demands for various grains, including durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn.), are expected to increase substantially in the coming years, due to the ever-growing human population’s needs for food, feed, and fuel. Thus, providing consistent or increased durum grain to the world market is one of the priorities for policy-makers, researchers, and farmers. What are the major achievements in agronomic advancement for durum wheat cultivation in recent decades? How might the current cropping systems be improved to increase crop yield and quality and improve resource use efficiencies while minimizing input costs and decreasing negative impact on the environment? Canada is one of the major durum wheat producers in the world, as Canada contributes about 50% to global trade of durum grain. Canada’s research achievements in durum wheat might serve as a guide for advancing the cultivation of the crop in other regions/countries on the planet. This review summarizes the major Canadian research findings in the aspects of durum wheat agronomics during the period 2001 to 2017 years. It highlights the main advancements in seeding and tillage, crop rotation and diversification, and use of pulse-induced microbiomes to improve soil health and feedback mechanisms. The genetic gain and breeding for resistance against abiotic and biotic stresses are discussed. Finally, we identified the main constraints and suggested some near-term research priorities. The research findings highlighted in this review will be of use for other areas on the planet to increase durum wheat productivity, improve soil fertility and health, and enhance long-term sustainability.

Psycho-educational groups for people with a dual diagnosis of psychosis and mild intellectual disability

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie Crowley ◽  
John Rose ◽  
Jo Smith ◽  
Kate Hobster ◽  
Eleanor Ansell
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Dual Diagnosis ◽  
Mild Intellectual Disability ◽  
Educational Groups
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