The plasma level of triacylglycerols in horses fed high-fat diets containing either soybean oil or palm oil

2002 ◽  
Vol 86 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. HALLEBEEK ◽  
A. C. BEYNEN
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Level ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

The relationship between plasma lipid composition and milk fat secretion in cows given diets containing soybean oil

1971 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Steele ◽  
R. C. Noble ◽  
J. H. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Cholesteryl Esters ◽  
Total Plasma ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Plasma Triglycerides ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Concentrate Mixture ◽  
Fat Diets

SummaryThe effects on the composition of the plasma lipids of the isocaloric replacement of starch in a low-fat concentrate mixture by 8 % soybean oil were investigated in a feeding experiment with 6 cows in mid-lactation. Two high-fat concentrate mixtures were given: in one, the soybean oil was incorporated into the diet by the inclusion of the appropriate amount of coarsely ground soybeans; in the other, the soybean oil was incorporated directly in the concentrate mixture. The concentrate mixtures were given with a high-roughage diet that supplied daily 5·5kg hay and 2·7kg of sugar-beet pulp.When the cows were given the 2 high-fat diets there were increases in the concentrations of total plasma fatty acids and in the concentrations of fatty acids circulating in the plasma as phospholipids and cholesteryl esters. There were increases in the concentrations of plasma unesterified fatty acids and triglyceride fatty acids when the cows were given the diet containing soybeans but there were decreases in the concentrations of these 2 fractions when the cows were given the diet containing soybean oil.The inclusion of soybeans in the diet increased the concentration of 18:0 in the plasma triglycerides and unesterified fatty acids whilst the inclusion of soybean oil in the diet increased the concentrations of 18:0 and 18:1 but decreased the concentration of 18:2 in the plasma unesterified fatty acids.When the cows were given the 2 high-fat diets there were decreases in the concentrations of 16:0 and 16:1 and increases in the concentration of 18:2 in the plasma cholesteryl esters. The inclusion of soybeans in the diet also reduced the concentrations of 18:1 and 20:3 in the plasma cholesteryl esters but increased the concentrations of 18:0 and 18:2 in the plasma phospholipids.The major fatty acid circulating in the plasma of the cows was 18:2 (46·4–55·3%) on all diets but only about 1% (0·40–1·04%) of the total plasma 18:2 occurred in the plasma triglycerides.The results are discussed in relation to the changes in the composition of the milk fatty acids produced by the cows when they were given the experimental diets.

scholarly journals Olive Oil, Palm Oil, and Hybrid Palm Oil Distinctly Modulate Liver Transcriptome and Induce NAFLD in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Sales ◽  
Priscylla Medeiros ◽  
Flavia Spreafico ◽  
Patrícia de Velasco ◽  
Fernanda Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Protein Localization ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Blood Lipid Profile ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is highly prevalent worldwide. The most severe form is nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Among risk factors for the development of NAFLD is excessive lipid intake. Since palm (P) oil is the most consumed oil in the world, we aimed to investigate the effects of high-fat diets made with P oil, hybrid palm (HP) oil, or olive (O) oil in liver. Twenty-four male mice (C57Bl/6J) were fed a high-fat diet (41% fat) containing P, HP, or O oils for 8 weeks and compared to a control (C) group fed a chow diet. Adiposity was measured with computed tomography. Body, adipose tissue, and liver weights, as well as liver fat (Bligh–Dyer), blood lipid profile, glucose, and liver enzymes were measured. Liver histology (hematoxylin–eosin) and transcriptome (microarray-based) were performed. ANOVA tests with Newman–Keuls were used. Body weight was increased in the P group (p < 0.001) and body fat in the O group (C vs. O p ≤ 0.01, P vs. O p ≤ 0.05, HP vs. O p ≤ 0.05). All high-fat diets disturbed the blood lipid profile and glucose, with marked effects of HP on very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL), triglycerides, and alkaline phosphatase (p ≤ 0.001). HP had the highest liver fat (42.76 ± 1.58), followed by P (33.94 ± 1.13). O had a fat amount comparable to C (16.46 ± 0.34, 14.71 ± 0.70, respectively). P and HP oils induced hepatocyte ballooning. Transcriptome alterations of the O group were related to amino acid metabolism and fatty acid (FA) metabolism, the P group to calcium ion homeostasis, and HP oil to protein localization. Both P and HP oils induced NASH in mice via disturbed hepatocyte transcription. This raises concerns about the content of these oils in several industrialized foods.

scholarly journals Effects of low-stearate palm oil and high-stearate lard high-fat diets on rat liver lipid metabolism and glucose tolerance

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Janssens ◽  
Mattijs M. Heemskerk ◽  
Sjoerd A. van den Berg ◽  
Natal A. van Riel ◽  
Klaas Nicolay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Liver Lipid ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Liver Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Fat Diets

scholarly journals Oil composition of high-fat diet affects metabolic inflammation differently in connection with endotoxin receptors in mice

2012 ◽  
Vol 302 (3) ◽  
pp. E374-E386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabienne Laugerette ◽  
Jean-Pierre Furet ◽  
Cyrille Debard ◽  
Patricia Daira ◽  
Emmanuelle Loizon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Low-grade inflammation observed in obesity is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Recent studies revealed that this would be linked to gut-derived endotoxemia during fat digestion in high-fat diets, but nothing is known about the effect of lipid composition. The study was designed to test the impact of oil composition of high-fat diets on endotoxin metabolism and inflammation in mice. C57/Bl6 mice were fed for 8 wk with chow or isocaloric isolipidic diets enriched with oils differing in fatty acid composition: milk fat, palm oil, rapeseed oil, or sunflower oil. In vitro, adipocytes (3T3-L1) were stimulated or not with lipopolysaccharide (LPS; endotoxin) and incubated with different fatty acids. In mice, the palm group presented the highest level of IL-6 in plasma ( P < 0.01) together with the highest expression in adipose tissue of IL-1β and of LPS-sensing TLR4 and CD14 ( P < 0.05). The higher inflammation in the palm group was correlated with a greater ratio of LPS-binding protein (LBP)/sCD14 in plasma ( P < 0.05). The rapeseed group resulted in higher sCD14 than the palm group, which was associated with lower inflammation in both plasma and adipose tissue despite higher plasma endotoxemia. Taken together, our results reveal that the palm oil-based diet resulted in the most active transport of LPS toward tissues via high LBP and low sCD14 and the greatest inflammatory outcomes. In contrast, a rapeseed oil-based diet seemed to result in an endotoxin metabolism driven toward less inflammatory pathways. This shows that dietary fat composition can contribute to modulate the onset of low-grade inflammation through the quality of endotoxin receptors.

Non-Fasting Factor VII Coagulant Activity (FVII:C) Increased by High-Fat Diet

1994 ◽  
Vol 71 (06) ◽  
pp. 755-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
E M Bladbjerg ◽  
P Marckmann ◽  
B Sandström ◽  
J Jespersen
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
Amidolytic Activity ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Coagulant Activity ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

SummaryPreliminary observations have suggested that non-fasting factor VII coagulant activity (FVII:C) may be related to the dietary fat content. To confirm this, we performed a randomised cross-over study. Seventeen young volunteers were served 2 controlled isoenergetic diets differing in fat content (20% or 50% of energy). The 2 diets were served on 2 consecutive days. Blood samples were collected at 8.00 h, 16.30 h and 19.30 h, and analysed for triglycerides, FVII coagulant activity using human (FVII:C) or bovine thromboplastin (FVII:Bt), and FVII amidolytic activity (FVIPAm). The ratio FVII:Bt/FVII:Am (a measure of FVII activation) increased from fasting levels on both diets, but most markedly on the high-fat diet. In contrast, FVII: Am (a measure of FVII protein) tended to decrease from fasting levels on both diets. FVII:C rose from fasting levels on the high-fat diet, but not on the low-fat diet. The findings suggest that high-fat diets increase non-fasting FVII:C, and consequently may be associated with increased risk of thrombosis.

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