scholarly journals Evaluation of the impact of meteorological conditions on the amount of air pollution in Krakow

2019 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 02012
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Piaskowska-Silarska ◽  
Krzysztof Pytel ◽  
Stanisław Gumuła ◽  
Wiktor Hudy
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Ecological Monitoring ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Pollution Problem ◽  
Air Quality Improvement ◽  
Meteorological Elements ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. The publication presents an assessment of the impact of meteorological conditions on air quality in a given location. The subject matter of the work is related to problem-review issues in the field of environmental protection and energy management. The publication draws attention to the fact that despite several decades of ecological monitoring of air pollution, only in recent years attention has been paid to the scale of air pollution problem. The study examined the relationship between meteorological elements (wind velocity, relative humidity on the amount of air pollution immissions. Significant impact of precipitation, atmospheric pressure and thermal braking layer was indicated. The possibilities of air quality improvement were presented based on the measurement data concerning the immission of impurities.

scholarly journals The impact of air quality on its Baidu index: grey model analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leping Tu ◽  
Yan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Air Quality Index ◽  
Grey Correlation ◽  
Convolution Model ◽  
Grey Correlation Analysis ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract To investigate the relationship between air quality and its Baidu index, we collect the annual Baidu index of air pollution hazards, causes and responses. Grey correlation analysis, particle swarm optimization and grey multivariate convolution model are used to simulate and forecast the comprehensive air quality index. The result shows that the excessive growth of the comprehensive air quality index will lead to an increase in the corresponding Baidu index. The number of search for the causes of air quality has the closest link with the comprehensive air quality index. Strengthening the awareness of public about air pollution is conducive to the improvement of air quality. The result provides a reference for relevant departments to prevent and control air pollution.

NESTED HIGH-RESOLUTION NOx AND PM SIMULATIONS OVER ZÜRICH

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivo Suter ◽  
Lukas Emmenegger ◽  
Dominik Brunner
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Concentration Levels

<p>Reducing air pollution, which is the world's largest single environmental health risk, demands better-informed air quality policies. Consequently, multi-scale air quality models are being developed with the goal to resolve cities. One of the major challenges in such model systems is to accurately represent all large- and regional-scale processes that may critically determine the background concentration levels over a given city. This is particularly true for longer-lived species such as aerosols, for which background levels often dominate the concentration levels, even within the city. Furthermore, the heterogeneous local emissions, and complex dispersion in the city have to be considered carefully.</p><p>In this study, the impact of processes across a wide range of scales on background concentrations over Switzerland and the city of Zurich was modelled by performing one year of nested European and Swiss national COSMO-ART simulations to obtain adequate boundary conditions for gas-phase chemical, aerosol and meteorological conditions for city-resolving simulations. The regional climate chemistry model COSMO-ART (Vogel et al. 2009) was used in a 1-way coupled mode. The outer, European, domain, which was driven by chemical boundary conditions from the global MOZART model, had a 6.6 km horizontal resolution and the inner, Swiss, domain one of 2.2 km. For the city scale, a catalogue of more than 1000 mesoscale flow patterns with 100 m resolution was created with the model GRAMM, based on a discrete set of atmospheric stabilities, wind speeds and directions, accounting for the influence of land-use and topography. Finally, the flow around buildings was solved with the CFD model GRAL forced at the boundaries by GRAMM. Subsequently, Lagrangian dispersion simulations for a set of air pollutants and emission sectors (traffic, industry, ...) based on extremely detailed building and emission data was performed in GRAL. The result of this nested procedure is a library of 3-dimensional air pollution maps representative of hourly situations in Zurich (Berchet et al. 2017). From these pre-computed situations, time-series and concentration maps can be obtained by selecting situations according to observed or modelled meteorological conditions.</p><p>The results were compared to measurements from air quality monitoring network stations. Modelled concentrations of NO<sub>x</sub> and PM compared well to measurements across multiple locations, provided background conditions were considered carefully. The nested multi-scale modelling system COSMO-ART/GRAMM/GRAL can adequately reproduce local air quality and help understanding the relative contributions of local versus distant emissions, as well as fill the space between precise point measurements from monitoring sites. This information is useful for research, policy-making, and epidemiological studies particularly under the assumption that exceedingly high concentrations become more and more localised phenomenon in the future.</p>

scholarly journals Legal aspects of the resolutions determining the acceptable types and quality of fuels under Polish legislation

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Kinga Makuch
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Air Quality Improvement ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The article focuses on the selected aspects of introducing a resolution by a self-government of a province, which allows to determine the acceptable types and quality of fuels. The impact of polluted air on human health is significant. The actions carried out by the local authorities should be aimed on seeking effective air protection remedies; nonetheless, the scale of these activities seems to be still insignificant. One of the legal mechanisms is introducing resolutions determining the acceptable types and quality of fuels by a self-government of a province in order to protect the health of Polish residents and reduce the negative impact of air pollution on the environment. The question, however, is whether such resolutions could be audited with respect to the execution of such a resolution and whether they effectively lead to air quality improvement.

scholarly journals Does Environmental Inspection Led by the Central Government Improve the Air Quality in China? The Moderating Role of Public Engagement

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 3316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Xu ◽  
Meng Tian ◽  
Jie Yang ◽  
Guohu Xu
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Public Engagement ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Heating Period ◽  
Air Quality Improvement ◽  
The Impact

The severe air pollution in China has imperiled public health and resulted in substantial economic loss. To tackle the unprecedented pollution challenges, China has launched a campaign-based environmental inspection over all regions to impel local governments’ actual pollution abatement. At the same time, with the public’s awakening awareness about environmental protection, the public has also played a particularly vital role in this inspection. Under this circumstance, the study tries to reveal the impact of Environmental Inspection led by the Central Government (EICG) on air quality improvement, and to examine the role of public engagement in their relationship. Specifically, utilizing daily data covering 249 prefecture-level cities in China from 1 June 2015 to 31 May 2018, this study employed multiple regression models and then found that due to the implementation of EICG, the concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and NO2 decline by 2.642 μg/m3, 6.088 μg/m3, 1.357 μg/m3 and 1.443 μg/m3, respectively, and the air quality index decreases by 2.4 in total, which implies that EICG can improve the air quality to a great extent. However, the coefficients for major variables change from negative to positive, suggesting that an attenuation effect of EICG on air quality improvement exists in Chinese institutional background. Meanwhile, public engagement is shown to enhance the positive association between EICG and air quality improvement. Additionally, further analysis demonstrates that EICG promotes the improvement in air quality up to three months after the inspection in cities during the heating period, while the positive effect has existed during one month before the inspection in cities during the non-heating period. Additionally, in contrast to the instant effect in cities not specially monitored, there is a lagged effect of EICG in controlling the air pollution in cities specially monitored.

scholarly journals Statistical classification of synoptic weather patterns associated with Tehran air pollution

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakineh Khansalari ◽  
Nastran Ghobadi ◽  
Abbasali Aliakbari Bidokhti ◽  
Farahnaz Fazel Rastgar
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Static Stability ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Synoptic Patterns ◽  
Weather Patterns ◽  
Concentration Changes ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Poor air quality in the heavily polluted cities like Tehran is often the main city problem that influences people health and comfort. The main goals of this study are summarized as: 1) Seasonal pollutants mean variations during 2005, meteorological conditions effects on pollutant concentration; 2) Meteorological conditions case study and pollution spatial distribution for three determining synoptic patterns (MET1, MET4, MET5); 3) Further analysis of the episode from 30th November to 13th December 2005 (MET4); 4) Episode analysis from 30th November to 13th December 2005 (MET4) and 5) Episode analysis from 12th-22th of September 2005 (MET5). These are systematic weather patterns that usually affect the air pollution levels in Tehran. Materials and methods: Concentration changes of CO, PM10, SO2 and O3, as the relationship between the air pollution extreme events and atmospheric conditions in Tehran have been investigated. The hourly air pollution data from 11 representative monitoring sites were used. To understand the relationship between local meteorological synoptic patterns and air pollution, the principal component analysis (PCA) method has been applied to meteorological data. Then for minimizing the data complication the varimax rotations (VR) was used and five synoptic perspectives weather patterns have resulted for highly polluted periods. Results: Pollutants correlation investigation of the five patterns showed that air quality was highly dependent on middle tropospheric high geopotential ridge development, local southerly wind with strong static stability. Conclusion: The most polluted periods were associated with a weak pressure gradient, a weak wind, severe air descent, and radiation inversion.

scholarly journals Population Aging Can Aggravate Air Pollution: Evidence from China

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Hui Shi
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Household Consumption ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Fossil Energy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Population, resources and environment have always attracted much attention from the society. Nowadays, pollution and population aging are urgent problems to be solved in China, and many scholars have found a strong correlation between pollution and aging. This paper constructs a KAYA model with aging variables, making an empirical analysis of the relationship between population aging and air pollution based on the panel data of 82 cities in China from 2011 to 2016. We found that population aging has a significant and positive impact on air pollution. 1% change of the population aging will lead to a 0.203% change in AQI. The deepening of China’s aging level will lead to ineffective improvement of air quality and even lead to more serious air pollution. Then we make the further analysis of the impact mechanism of population aging on air quality, the results show that population aging could have a positive impact on air pollution by improving labor productivity, promoting technological innovation, increasing fossil energy consumption and the household consumption, and changing the structure of household consumption. At last, in order to improve the air pollution under the background of population aging, we put forward the policy recommendations according to the conclusion of this paper.

The Impact of Climate Change on Air Quality–Related Meteorological Conditions in California. Part II: Present versus Future Time Simulation Analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (13) ◽  
pp. 3362-3376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhan Zhao ◽  
Shu-Hua Chen ◽  
Michael J. Kleeman ◽  
Abdullah Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Surface Wind ◽  
Sea Breeze ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In this study, the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model was applied to dynamically downscale the Parallel Climate Model (PCM) projection for the climate change impact on regional meteorological conditions in California. Comparisons were made for meteorological fields that strongly influence regional air quality between the current (2000–06) and future (2047–53) downscaling results to infer potential air pollution changes in California. Changes in both the meteorological fields and the implied future air quality vary by region and season. Analyses showed that the normalized number of stagnation days (NNSD) integrating all stagnation events, during which most of the air pollution episodes occur, in California's San Joaquin Valley (SJV) will increase and the intensity of stagnation will be stronger in the future for the two main air pollution seasons (i.e., summer and winter). Increases in surface wind and planetary boundary layer height (PBLH) were observed for the coastal part of Los Angeles County (LAC) during summer, suggesting stronger ventilation in this region. Contrary situations were seen in other parts of the South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB) and SJV. Although a surface wind change was not evident in SJV during winter, there was a significant PBLH decrease. Climatechangeinduced variations in surface wind and PBLH were only statistically significant in coastal SoCAB and the southern portion of SJV relative to the corresponding interannual variability; changes in temperature are significant throughout the regions studied. The sea breeze along the coast of California plays an important role in the state's climate and air quality, especially during summertime owing to the stronger intensity compared to wintertime. Analysis of the land–sea temperature contrast and the southwesterly wind along the California coastline indicated that the summertime sea breeze will be stronger in the Central Valley (CV) but weaker for the SoCAB region in the future.

Abstract 13654: Air Pollution, Environmental Greenness, and Total Cardiovascular Disease Mortality

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
William W Aitken ◽  
Kefeng Wang ◽  
Abraham Parrish ◽  
Diego Celli ◽  
Joanna Lombard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
The United States ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Introduction: Air quality is a major environmental determinant of health. Environmental greenness – a measure of vegetative presence – has been associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease. However, the impact of greenness on the relationship between air pollution and cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been less studied. Hypothesis: Environmental greenness is associated with reduced total CVD mortality and mediates some of the relationship between air pollution and CVD mortality. Methods: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Interactive Atlas of Heart Disease provided national CVD death rates, Environmental Protection Agency air quality measurements (particulate matter PM2.5), and Census sociodemographic information (age, race, education, and income) by county across the United States. These data were matched to mean county normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) derived from National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) 250 m spatial resolution data. Linear regression modeling estimated the relationship between air pollution and greenness on CVD mortality using SAS version 9.4 software. Mediation analysis of greenness on the relationship between air pollution and CVD mortality was then conducted. Results: Ambient concentration of PM2.5 ranged from 3 to 19.7 μg/m3 with a mean of 9 μg/m3 ± 1.9 μg/m3 and NDVI ranged from 0.00 to 0.80 with mean of 0.41 ± 0.13. For every 0.1-unit increase in NDVI, CVD mortality decreased by 13.2 deaths per 100,000 adults (p = 0.0001). For every 1 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5, CVD mortality increased by 38.8 deaths per 100,000 adults (p < 0.0001). Mediation analysis suggests that NDVI is a statistically significant mediator of the PM2.5 to CVD mortality relationship, with NDVI explaining 4.3% of this relationship (p=0.0009). Conclusions: Our analysis of air quality, environmental greenness, and CVD death rates demonstrates that greenness is independently associated with reduced CVD morality and also mediates the relationship between air pollution and CVD mortality. The evidence suggests that environmental interventions to increase greenness and reduce air pollution may reduce excess cardiovascular mortality.

scholarly journals Models of Air Pollution Propagation in the Selected Region of Katowice

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 695
Author(s):  
Dariusz Foszcz ◽  
Tomasz Niedoba ◽  
Jarosław Siewior
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Forecast Accuracy ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Particulate Emissions ◽  
Air Quality Monitoring ◽  
Environmental Standards ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
The Impact

The paper deals with issues related to analyzing the spread of air pollution and pollutants in large urban agglomerations, specifically, the search for causality between meteorological conditions and the concentrations of particular substances. The pollutants SO2 and PM10 were selected for analysis, which, in addition to NOx, CO, CO2 and PM2.5, contribute to smog, especially during the heating seasons. This analysis is particularly important because Polish environmental standards are more lenient than those in western EU states. Industrial activity, transport and heating systems based on coal-burning are still a big problem in Poland, and each year their gaseous and particulate emissions exceed air-quality limits. This paper presents a statistical analysis of data recorded at the air-quality monitoring station on Kossuth Street in Katowice concerning the heating seasons from 2013–2016. The verification of proposed parabolic models containing concentrations from previous time periods and statistically significant meteorological conditions was conducted for individual heating seasons as well for the whole set of data, which included the influence of wind speed and temperature. The models obtained proved that the selected form of a model is statistically significant, and its use may produce satisfactory forecast results and permit various environmental applications. The specified model might be used both for forecasting (verification and possibly updating coefficients to increase forecast accuracy) and analyzing the factors influencing pollution values. Such statistical analysis may be helpful in assessing the impact of measures adopted to reduce air pollution, particularly in large Polish cities.

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