The Effect of Locally Delivered Apocynin on Fat Graft Survival in an Experimental Rat Animal Model

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
doğan çakan ◽  
sinem çiloglu ◽  
ekrem ramazan keskin
Keyword(s):  
Graft Survival ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Viable Cell ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Fat Grafting ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Fat Graft ◽  
Biophysical Parameters ◽  
Physical Measurements ◽  
Significant Difference

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the efficacy of locally delivered apocynin on fat graft survival in an experimental autologous fat grafting (AFG) model created in rats. Methods: Twenty-one Wistar albino male rats were included in this study. The 0.647 g mean weight grafts were harvested from the inguinal region and transferred to the nape of every rat. The subjects were randomly separated into three groups. Saline, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and apocynin, a dose of 20 mg/kg, solutions were applied once a day for 2 weeks. After 3 months, the rats were sacrificed. The evaluation of physical measurements (weight and volume) and survival rates of the grafts for volume (SRV) and weight (SRW), the viable cell count (VC) with the MTT assay, and histopathological parameters were done. Results: All biophysical parameters were found to be significantly higher in the apocynin group compared to other groups (p < .05). In the MTT test, the saline group was normalized to 100%. According to this, DMSO and apocynin groups’ means were 106% and 163%, respectively. The VC was significantly higher in the apocynin group than the other groups (p < .05). The VC was significantly higher in the DMSO group than in the saline group (p < .05). No significant difference was found in other comparisons performed according to biophysical and histopathological parameters (p > .05). Conclusion: The locally delivered apocynin decreases fat graft volume loss in an experimental AFG model. Consequently, apocynin can be used as an effective substance to increase graft survival.

Effects of Tumescent Solution on Fat Survival

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (03) ◽  
pp. 339-346
Author(s):  
Nebil Yesiloglu ◽  
Özlem Kaya ◽  
Feriha Ercan ◽  
Gaye Filinte ◽  
Hakan Sirinoglu
Keyword(s):  
Graft Survival ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Fat Graft ◽  
Fat Pad ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Fat Grafts ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Histopathologic Evaluation ◽  
Tumescent Solution

AbstractAutologous fat transfer is a commonly used procedure in plastic surgery practice. The long-term survival rate of fat grafts is the most important issue for satisfactory results. The presented study includes the effects of different tumescent solutions on long-term fat graft survival. A total of 24 rats were divided into four groups: sham, lidocaine, adrenaline, and lidocaine + adrenaline groups. In all groups except the sham group, right inguinal fat pad was harvested 10 minutes after injecting 5 cc of the appropriate tumescent solution. The fat pad was trimmed and reimplanted to the interscapular area. After 3 months, fat pad was reharvested and sent for histopathologic evaluation. The harvested fat grafts were weighted in both surgical sessions. A significant difference was observed in comparison of fat grafts weights between the initial operation and the postoperative third month (p = 0.002). By intergroup comparisons, a significant difference was observed between sham and adrenaline groups (p = 0.002) and between sham and lidocaine + adrenaline groups (p = 0.007). No statistical difference was observed by the comparison of TUNNEL results (p = 0.663). The histopathologic evaluation of the specimens revealed similar results between groups. The injection of tumescent solutions containing only lidocaine before fat harvesting yields similar long-term fat graft survival rates in comparison to the conduction of surgical procedure without injecting any tumescent fluid. However, the injection of solutions containing adrenaline with or without lidocaine may decrease the long-term survival rates of fat autografts.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Effects of Repeated Applications of Platelet-Rich Plasma versus Platelet-Poor Plasma on Fat Graft Survival in Nude Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Junjie Li ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Xiao Shi ◽  
Pijun Yu
Keyword(s):  
Graft Survival ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Capillary Density ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Fat Grafting ◽  
Fat Graft ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Survival Ratio ◽  
Platelet Poor Plasma ◽  
Fat Grafts

Autologous fat grafting has been widely used for soft tissue filling in plastic surgery. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) could play a wide role in health and disease because of containing a variety of growth factors and cytokines. Although previous studies have described the positive effect of autologous PRP mixed with fat grafts, only minimal improvements in fat graft survival have been reported. The present study is aimed at comparing the effects of PRP and platelet-poor plasma (PPP) on the survival and quality of fat grafting. We built a 180-day nude mouse model implanted with a fat graft supplemented with PRP, PPP, or saline, respectively. The above reagents (PRP, PPP, or saline) were injected two additional times after the initial engraftment. The survival ratio of the fat grafts and the capillary density in the PRP group were significantly higher than those in the PPP group and the saline group (control group) at 15, 30, 90, and 180 days posttransplantation ( P < 0.05 ). The survival ratio of the PPP group was higher than that of the saline group ( P < 0.05 ), but the capillary density in the PPP group was not significantly different from that in the saline group at any time point ( P > 0.05 ). We hence conclude that the repeated application of PRP or PPP three times can enhance the survival of fat grafts within 180 days. Moreover, the effect of PRP is superior to that of PPP.

A Systematic Review on Extracellular Vesicles-Enriched Fat Grafting: A Shifting Paradigm

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ghiasloo ◽  
Laura De Wilde ◽  
Kashika Singh ◽  
Patrick Tonnard ◽  
Alexis Verpaele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Graft Survival ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Fat Grafting ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Fat Graft ◽  
Cochrane Central Register

Abstract Background Recent evidence confirms that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) facilitate angiogenesis mainly through paracrine function. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are regarded as key components of the cell secretome, possessing functional properties of their source cells. Subsequently, MSC-EVs have emerged as a novel cell-free approach to improve fat graft retention rate. Objectives To provide a systematic review of all studies reporting the use of MSC-EVs to improve graft retention rate. Methods A systematic search was undertaken using the Embase, PubMed and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases. Outcome measures included donor/receptor organism of the fat graft, study model, intervention groups, evaluation intervals, EV research data, in vitro and in vivo results. Results Of the total 1717 articles, 62 full-texts were screened. Seven studies reporting on 294mice were included. Overall, EV treated groups showed higher graft retention rates compared to untreated groups. Notably, retention rate was similar following EV- and MSC-treatment. In addition to reduced inflammation, graft enrichment with EVs resulted in early revascularization and better graft integrity. Interestingly, hypoxic preconditioning of MSCs improved their beneficial paracrine effects and led to a more proangiogenic EV population, as observed by both in vitro and in vivo results. Conclusions MSC-EVs appear to offer an interesting cell-free alternative to improve fat graft survival. While their clinical relevance remains to be determined, it is clear that not the cells, but their secretome is essential for graft survival. Thus, a paradigm shift from cell-assisted lipotransfer towards ‘secretome-assisted lipotransfer’ is well on its way.

scholarly journals Effect of a hydro-alcoholic extract of Melissa officinalis on passive avoidance learning and memory

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Dehbani ◽  
Alireza Komaki ◽  
Farshid Etaee ◽  
Siamak Shahidi ◽  
Masoumeh Taheri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Passive Avoidance ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Avoidance Learning ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Passive Avoidance Learning ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Melissa Officinalis ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Melissa officinalis (MO) or lemon balm is traditionally used as a sedative and anti-spasm herbal medicine. There is also evidence that this plant has effects on learning and memory. This study examined the effect of a hydro-alcoholic extract of MO on passive avoidance learning (PAL) and memory in male rats. Methods: A total of 40 adult male Wistar rats were randomly distributed into four groups (200 to 220 g; n = 10 per group); three dose groups (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg of the hydro-alcoholic extract of MO) and vehicle control (saline) group. Saline or doses of extract were administered daily for 14 days by oral gavage. The rats were trained to enter the shuttle box to record their behavior in the PAL task. A retrieval test was performed 24 hours following training. Results: A significant difference was seen in performance among MO groups and the control. MO administered animals had a decreased number of acquisition trials (P < 0.05). In the retention task, MO administered animals had an increased step-through latency (SLT) (P < 0.01), and a decreased latency in the dark compartment (P < 0.001) compared to the control group. Conclusion: The results of the study show that MO can improve learning and memory in the PAL task. Further investigation is needed to enhance our understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms of the MO extract and its effects on learning and memory.

scholarly journals Clinical Outcomes of Penetrating Keratoplasty and Descemet Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty in Asian Population with American Corneas

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (22) ◽  
pp. 4547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiao ◽  
Chen ◽  
Meir ◽  
Tan ◽  
Hsiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Graft Survival ◽  
Penetrating Keratoplasty ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Chang Gung Memorial Hospital ◽  
Endothelial Keratoplasty ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Donor Corneas

To determine the comparative efficacy and safety of penetrating keratoplasty (PK) and Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) in the Asian population receiving imported donor corneas, our single-center retrospective study provides analysis supporting the transition from PK to DSAEK in the Asian population using imported American donor corneas. We analyzed 259 patients with 241 and 57 cases of PK and DSAEK respectively during 2008 to 2017 using imported corneas at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan. In terms of long-term graft survival analysis, there was no difference between PK and DSAEK (log-rank p = 0.386, HR = 0.920, 95% CI: [0.641–1.380]). However, Cox proportional regression analysis revealed that corneal survival rate of DSAEK group in the first 100 days after transplantation was inferior than that of PK group (log-rank p < 0.001, HR = 2.733, 95% CI: [1.501–4.977])]. Despite the inferior survival rate, there were significantly less neovascularization and Descemet membrane folds in the DSAEK group. Importantly, the non-complication rate of DSAEK was much higher than that of PK with significant difference (PK, 25.7% vs DSAEK 42.0%, p = 0.022). Collectively, DSAEK is suggested as an alternative surgical modality in Asian patients using imported American donor corneas because of less complication, and no difference in long-term corneal graft survival rates between PK and DSAEK.

scholarly journals The Influence of Dietary Salt on the Osseointegration of Implants in Aging Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (04) ◽  
pp. e427-e432
Author(s):  
Julio Baldisserotto ◽  
Dalva Maria Pereira Padilha ◽  
José Miguel Amenábar
Keyword(s):  
Salt Intake ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dietary Salt ◽  
Aging Rats ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction The bone-implant interface has been studied extensively, but only few papers focused on the nutritional aspects that may affect bone quality, especially salt intake. Objective To study the osseointegration of implants in salt-loaded rats with low mineral bone content. Methods A total of 60 4-month-old male rats were divided in 2 groups (n = 30), being these groups divided in 2 periods, (2 and 4 months). The control group received a normal diet, while the test group received a diet supplemented with 1% sodium chloride (NaCl). Implants were placed in the tibia of both groups. A total of 15 animals of each group were sacrificed at the 2nd month of the experiment, while the remaining animals were sacrificed at the 4th month. Results No statistically significant difference was found in food intake between the groups on any experimental period, but a statistically significant difference was found in the liquid intake in the saline group in both periods. For all groups, osseointegration was observed in both groups. The mean percentage of osseointegration in the cortical bone, in the trabecular bone, and in the total osseointegrated surface between the control (46.38 ± 16.17%) and saline (49.13 ± 11.52%) groups at 2 months was not statistically different (p = 0.61). The total osseointegration areas of the control (53.98 ± 12.06%) and saline (51.40 ± 13.01%) groups at the 4th month of the study were not statistically (p = 0.61). Conclusion Ingestion of salt did not affect directly the osseointegration process during the period of the experiment. The results suggest that mineral losses may not affect the achievement of good osseointegration in aging rats.

scholarly journals Comparison of Outcomes of Kidney Transplantation From Extremely Low Body Weight ≤5kg Versus Larger Body Weight Pediatric Donors

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiawei Peng ◽  
Helong Dai ◽  
Hedong Zhang ◽  
Shaojie Yu ◽  
Xubiao Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Kidney Transplantation ◽  
Graft Survival ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Urinary Leakage ◽  
Surgical Methods ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pediatric Recipients ◽  
Pediatric Donors

BackgroundKidney transplantation from donors who weigh ≤5 kg is performed at only a few transplant centers owing to the high complication and low graft survival rates associated with this approach.MethodsWe retrospectively compared the results of kidney transplantation at our center between January 2015 and December 2019 based on the following pediatric donor criteria: donor body weight ≤5 kg (n=32), 5 kg&lt; donor weight ≤20 kg (n=143), and donor weight &gt;20 kg (n=110). We also perform subgroup analysis of kidney transplantation outcomes from ≤5 kg donors, using conventional (dual separate and classic en-bloc KTx)/novel (en-bloc KTx with outflow tract) surgical methods and allocating to adult/pediatric recipients.ResultsThe death-censored graft survival rates from extremely low body weight ≤5kg at 1 month, and 1, 3, and 5 years were 90.6%, 80.9%, 77.5%, and 73.9%, respectively, which were significantly lower than that from larger body weight pediatric donors. However, the 3-, and 5-year post-transplantation eGFRs were not significantly different between the pediatric and adult recipient group. The thrombosis (18.8%) and urinary leakage (18.8%) rates were significantly higher in the donor weight ≤5 kg group. Compared with 5 kg&lt; donor weight ≤20 kg group, donor weight ≤5kg group was at elevated risk of graft loss due to thrombosis (OR: 13.4) and acute rejection (OR: 6.7). No significant difference on the outcomes of extremely low body weight donor kidney transplantation was observed between adults and pediatric recipients. Urinary leakage rate is significantly lower in the novel operation (8.7%) than in the conventional operation group (44.4%).ConclusionsAlthough the outcomes of donor body weight ≤5kg kidney transplantation is inferior to that from donors with large body weight, it can be improved through technical improvement. Donors with body weight ≤5 kg can be considered as an useful source to expand the donor pool.

The Effect of Minocycline on Fat Graft Survival and Apoptotic Pathway

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (01) ◽  
pp. 096-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kırdar Güney ◽  
Bora Özel ◽  
Cemile Seymen ◽  
Çiğdem Elmas ◽  
Serhan Tuncer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graft Survival ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Fat Grafting ◽  
Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase ◽  
Fat Graft ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Apoptotic Pathway ◽  
Fat Grafts ◽  
Dorsal Area ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

AbstractVariable absorption rate is one of the biggest problems of fat grafting and one of the most important causes of fat graft volume loss is apoptosis. Minocycline is a tetracycline derivative and besides its antibacterial capacity, it has been widely using for anti-apoptotic effects. This study was designed to investigate the effect of minocycline on fat graft survival and adipocyte apoptosis. A total of two main and eight subgroups were designed and a total of 48 experimental animals, 6 in each group, were used. Fat grafts are obtained from Wistar albino rats and implanted to dorsal area of rats. Local and systemic minocycline was applied in the study groups. On the 9th day, apoptotic cells were detected by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling method and on the 90th day morphologic characteristics and viability of adipocytes were evaluated using histologic and immunohistochemical methods and statistically compared. This study revealed that the fat grafts were bigger, and they kept their structures better and they were more vascular in the minocycline groups and apoptosis was significantly lower in the minocycline groups. The authors demonstrated that minocycline increases fat graft survival and statistical improvement in apoptosis inhibition via using minocycline therapy has been shown.

scholarly journals Analysis of recipient and graft survival after primary and second kidney transplantation

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
A. V. Pinchuk ◽  
N. V. Shmarina ◽  
I. V. Dmitriev ◽  
V. E. Vinogradov ◽  
A. I. Kazantsev
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Transplantation ◽  
Graft Survival ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Kidney Recipients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
Older Recipients

Objective: to evaluate the 1- and 5-year graft and recipient survival after primary and second kidney transplantation, to compare the outcomes depending on the age of recipients.Material and methods. The treatment outcomes for 364 patients who underwent kidney transplantation at Sklifosovsky Research Institute of Emergency Care, Moscow over the period from 2007 to 2019. Of these, 213 patients underwent kidney transplantation for the first time, while 151 patients were having a second transplantation. We analyzed the effect of previous transplants, as well as the age of the recipients on long-term survival rates.Results. No significant difference in 1- and 5-year survival of kidney recipients after primary and second transplantations was found. In contrast, the long-term graft survival significantly depended on this criterion and turned out to be significantly higher after primary transplantations. The 1- and 5-year survival of older recipients was lower than the survival of younger recipients after primary and second kidney transplantation. The 1-year graft survival after primary kidney transplantation was higher in young recipients than in older recipients of the same group, however, but there were no significant differences in the 5-year graft survival. After second transplantations, there were no significant differences in the 1- and 5-year graft survival depending on the age of recipients.Conclusion. A history of previous transplantation is an important factor in kidney transplantation outcome, which must be taken into account in clinical practice.

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