scholarly journals Laryngeal and Vocal Characterization of Asymptomatic Adults With Sulcus Vocalis

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (03) ◽  
pp. e331-e337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Bruno Soares ◽  
Bruno Teixeira de Moares ◽  
Ana Nery Barbosa de Araújo ◽  
Noemi Grigoletto de Biase ◽  
Jonia Alves Lucena
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Perception ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Acoustic Evaluation ◽  
Sulcus Vocalis ◽  
Vocal Quality ◽  
The Voice ◽  
Experimental Group

Introduction Sulcus vocalis is defined as a longitudinal depression on the vocal cord, parallel to its free border. Its most marked characteristic is breathlessness, caused by incomplete glottal closure, in addition to roughness, due to the decrease in mucosal wave amplitude of the vocal cords. Vocal acoustic aspects, such as fundamental voice frequency, jitter, and shimmer, may also be altered in individuals with this type of laryngeal disorder. To assess the voice of individuals with sulcus vocalis, studies generally include a sample of subjects with vocal symptoms, excluding asymptomatic persons. To better characterize the vocal characteristics of individuals with sulcus vocalis, their asymptomatic counterparts must also be included. Objective Characterize the larynx and voice of asymptomatic adults with sulcus vocalis. Method A total of 26 adults, 13 with sulcus vocalis (experimental group) and 13 without (control group) were assessed. All the participants were submitted to suspension microlaryngoscopy, voice self-assessment, auditory perception and acoustic evaluation of the voice. Results Among the individuals with sulcus vocalis, 78% of the sulci were type I and 22% type II. Auditory perception assessment obtained statistically significant lower scores in individuals with sulcus vocalis compared with the control group, and a slight difference in the overall degree of hoarseness and roughness. No statistically significant intergroup diferences were found in self-reported voice or acoustic assessment. Conclusion Type I was the predominant sulcus vocalis observed in individuals without voice complaints, who may also exhibit slight changes in vocal quality and roughness.

Characterization of Vocal Fold Vibration in Sulcus Vocalis Using High-Speed Digital Imaging

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihito Yamauchi ◽  
Hisayuki Yokonishi ◽  
Hiroshi Imagawa ◽  
Ken-Ichi Sakakibara ◽  
Takaharu Nito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Imaging ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Vocal Fold Vibration ◽  
Sulcus Vocalis

Purpose The aim of the present study was to qualitatively and quantitatively characterize vocal fold vibrations in sulcus vocalis by high-speed digital imaging (HSDI) and to clarify the correlations between HSDI-derived parameters and traditional vocal parameters. Method HSDI was performed in 20 vocally healthy subjects (8 men and 12 women) and 41 patients with sulcus vocalis (33 men and 8 women). Then HSDI data were evaluated by assessing the visual–perceptual rating, digital kymography, and glottal area waveform. Results Patients with sulcus vocalis frequently had spindle-shaped glottal gaps and a decreased mucosal wave. Compared with the control group, the sulcus vocalis group showed higher open quotient as well as a shorter duration of the visible mucosal wave, a smaller speed index, and a smaller glottal area difference index ([maximal glottal area – minimal glottal area]/maximal glottal area). These parameters deteriorated in order of the control group and Type I, II, and III sulcus vocalis. There were no gender-related differences. Strong correlations were noted between the open quotient and the type of sulcus vocalis. Conclusions HSDI was an effective method for documenting the characteristics of vocal fold vibrations in patients with sulcus vocalis and estimating the severity of dysphonia.

scholarly journals Implications of Aerobic Exercises and Walking Parallel to Diabetes Medications on Diabetic Sportspersons

2021 ◽  
pp. 197-204
Author(s):  
Fehmida Ayub ◽  
Abida Naseer ◽  
Saeed Javed ◽  
Adnan Asghar ◽  
Abd Rahim Mohd Shariff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Blood Glucose Control ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Spare Time ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective: Diabetes have a central contribution with type I or type II towards the healthy lifestyles of sportspersons. Aerobic exercise and daily walking stay them fit and control their glucose levels in their bloodstream. The aim of this study was to find out the effects of aerobic exercises and walk on the sportspersons of type I and II diabetes. Methodology: The existing research has experimental design itself wherein pre-tests and post-tests were employed to make sure the novelty of results. The data was collected from the diabetic sportspersons dividing them equally into control group (N-20) and experimental group (N-20). Both groups had type I (N-20) and type II (N-20) diabetic individuals. Aerobic exercise and walk protocol was applied for six weeks on experimental group, whereas, control group continued their routine activities. Afterwards, the data was collected through pre and post treatments and edited into SPSS (v-26). The collected data was analyzed through descriptive statistics using frequencies and percentages, whereas, T-test was applied to make the differences of pre and post treatments. Results: The findings has shown that aerobic exercises and walk decrease the higher levels of glucose in blood and enable to stable glycemic balance, weight loss maintenance, decrease insulin resistance, blood pressure decrease, and blood glucose control. Conclusion: The prominent differences were observed between control and experimental groups either type I or type II. It was concluded that the sportspersons may reduce the excessive glucose engaging in aerobic exercises and walk on daily basis rather than using medications. They should spend their happy lives and get rid of medications and insulin through spending their spare time using light exercises and maintain their glucose levels in blood as well.

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT INTO CHEMISTRY EDUCATION AT SECONDARY SCHOOL

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mária Babinčáková ◽  
◽  
Mária Ganajová ◽  
Ivana Sotáková ◽  
Veronika Jurková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Formative Assessment ◽  
Chemistry Education ◽  
Concept Map ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Experimental Group

The results of the implementation of formative assessment into chemistry education at secondary school for the topic “Mixtures” are presented here. Students (12-14 years old, N=202) were divided into two groups – control (N=97) and experimental (N=105). Teachers of experimental group implemented formative assessment tools into ten lessons (a predictive card, Frayer model, self-assessment card, T-card, concept map, and exit card). Control group teachers taught without formative assessment. The Mann-Whitney U test confirmed statistically significant results (p<.05). Keywords: formative assessment, secondary school, mixtures.

scholarly journals Self-Regulation and Rubrics Assessment in Structural Engineering Subjects

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Consuelo Sáiz Manzanares ◽  
Miguel Ángel Sánchez Báez ◽  
Vanesa Ortega-López ◽  
Juan M. Manso Villalaín
Keyword(s):  
Structural Engineering ◽  
Procedural Knowledge ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Perceptions Of Students ◽  
University Systems ◽  
Experimental Group

Present-day university systems need to educate graduates who are confident and highly independent, attributes that are especially relevant to engineering. We need to develop active methods that can analyze the prior knowledge of students and that impart teaching based on self-regulation and self-assessment by the student. In this study, we work with a sample of 116 students of architecture following a Structural Engineering subject module (61 in the experimental group and 55 in the control group). The objectives of the investigation are (1) to test whether significant differences exist in the knowledge of students after a training program in self-regulation and (2) to test whether the use of rubrics will improve the perceptions of students with regard to their own knowledge. We found that students trained in self-regulation methodologies improved their procedural knowledge in the field of structural engineering. Likewise, student self-perceptions of their own knowledge increased in relation to the design and expert assessment of structural elements and the graphic representation of constructive elements.

scholarly journals Effects on applying Micro-Film Case-Based Learning model in pediatrics education

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Pan ◽  
Xiuqi Chen ◽  
Qiuwen Wei ◽  
Jinmin Zhao ◽  
Xun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Satisfaction Survey ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Final Examination ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Case Based Learning ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Case Based

Abstract Background: In view of the harsh reality Chinese paediatricians face, the challenge of paediatric education is about instilling not only knowledge and clinical skills but also resilience and beliefs. The aim of the study is to explore a more effective method than the traditional lecture-based learning (LBL) model for optimizing educational outcomes by establishing an innovative, comprehensive, case-based learning (CBL) model combined with the micro-film technique (MF+CBL). This approach has four important components: interests (attraction), knowledge application, competency, and scenario coping skills.Methods: Experimental research was conducted via a controlled parallel group study. The total sample of 104 senior-year students (Chinese) majoring in clinical medicine was randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group was exposed to the MF+CBL model and the control group to the LBL model. Overall, the results were assessed after an 8-week course via a student self-assessment questionnaire, a satisfaction survey and the final examination.Results: The experimental group generally performed better than the control group on the student self-assessment (P＜0.05), satisfaction survey (P＜0.05), and final examination (80.02±3.77 vs 73.65±3.69, P = 0.000). The open question at the end of the questionnaire revealed that a small number of students did not favour the MF+CBL model due to its time- and energy-consuming features.Conclusions: Compared with LBL, the MF+CBL model was an innovative teaching method that promoted more comprehensive quality development. It represents an alternative model for optimizing the capacity of future paediatric doctors.

scholarly journals Pedagogical Consolidation of Pupil-Athletes’ Knowledge of Humanities

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 168-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryna Komogorova ◽  
Borys Maksymchuk ◽  
Olena Bernatska ◽  
Svitlana Lukianchuk ◽  
Iryna Gerasymova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Life Meaning ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Active Life ◽  
Universal Values ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Teachers And Parents ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Material Tests

There appears to be the need to consolidate pupil-athletes’ knowledge of humanities (Ukrainian History, English, Ukrainian, Ukrainian literature), which greatly affect their emotional and value attitude towards the surrounding world, promote active life position and widen outlook, develop reading, linguistic and speech culture, enhance understanding of life meaning through the assimilation of ideals, universal values, norms of morality and patterns in behaviour culture. The research aims to disclose the impact of the developed system of assignments on the consolidation of knowledge of humanities in pupil-athletes in the process of training. The pedagogical experiment was conducted in Ukrainian comprehensive schools (142 participants in the experimental group and 150 participants in the control group). The diagnostic toolset includes questionnaires for identifying cognitive interest of pupils in humanities, questionnaires for teachers and parents, tests for identifying abilities to observe, concentrate attention, memorize and apply the content of educational material, tests for studying types of memory, methods of adolescents’ self-assessment, methods of unfinished sentences, notes, reading diaries, compositions. Thus, the indicator of creative nature in acquiring knowledge of humanities has increased (+ 19,1%) in the experimental group. Analyzing the results from the experiment, one can conclude that the designed system of assignments aimed at consolidating pupil-athletes’ knowledge of humanities has contributed to increasing the levels of their overall performance, responsibility and discipline.

scholarly journals Increasing interprofessional socialization among psychology and nursing students by means of an educational intervention: A quasi-experimental study with a control group

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan-Luis González-Pascual ◽  
Margarita G. Márquez ◽  
Rocío Rodríguez-Rey ◽  
Ana María Muñoz-Cobo ◽  
Juan Carlos Pérez-Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Interprofessional Education ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Educational Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Background Interprofessional education helps health sciences students become better able to take part in future interprofessional collaborative practice. In general, interprofessional education activities seek to change knowledge levels, attitudes, and skills. However, a more ambitious objective would be to foster interprofessional socialization. Interprofessional socialization calls for the development of a dual identity: on the one hand, a professional identity, and on the other, an interprofessional identity as a member of a collaborative team. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of an interprofessional activity in increasing self-assessment scores regarding interprofessional socialization. Methods This was a quasi-experimental study. Sixty psychology and nursing students at a university were divided into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group participated in an activity designed in accordance with Khalili's interprofessional socialization framework. The control group performed their usual activities. Self-assessment of interprofessional socialization was measured in both groups using the Interprofessional Socialization and Values Scale (ISVS-21) before and after the activities. After the normality test, the inter-group difference (experimental vs. control groups) in the baseline ISVS score was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. The intra-group variation (within each, the experimental group and control group) in the ISVS-21 score (pre-post change) was analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. Results The baseline ISVS-21 score was 93 for the experimental group and 98 for the control group, p=0.321. The experimental group’s ISVS-21 score increased from 93 to 104 after the educational intervention, p<0.01. There were no statistically significant changes in the control group (p=0.174). Conclusions The educational activity, designed in accordance with the Khalili model and carried out with the nursing and psychology students, favors interprofessional socialization in a statistically significant way, as do other activities described in the scientific literature. This matter should be researched in greater depth, using comparative studies to analyze which activities are more effective and efficient.

scholarly journals Characterization of a Novel Model of Overuse-Induced Calcific Achilles Tendinopathy in Mice: Contralateral Tendinopathy Following Unilateral Tenotomy

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Wang ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Gang-hui Yin ◽  
Zhong-min Zhang ◽  
Tian-yu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Achilles Tendinopathy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Achilles Tenotomy ◽  
The Right ◽  
Experimental Group

AbstractObjectiveTo develop a simple but reproducible overuse induced animal model of Achilles tendinopathy in mice for better understanding the underlying mechanism and prevention of calcific Achilles tendinopathy.Methods80 C57/B6 mice (8-9 weeks old) were employed and randomly divided into control group and experimental group. Unilateral Achilles tenotomy was performed on the right hindlimb of experiment group. After 12 weeks, the onset of Achilles tedinopathy in the contralateral Achilles tendon was determined by radiological assessment, histological analysis, electron microscopy observation and biomechanical test.ResultsThe onset of calcific Achilles tendinopathy in contralateral Achilles tendon was confirmed after 12 weeks unilateral tenotomy. The contralateral Achilles tendon of experimental group was characterized as hypercelluarity, neovascularization and fused collagen fiber disarrangement, compared to the control group. Importantly, intratendon endochondral ossification and calcaneus deformity was featured in contralateral Achilles tendon. Additionally, poor biomechanical properties in the contralateral Achilles tendon revealed the incidence of Achilles tedinopathy.ConclusionWe hereby introduce a novel simple but reproducible spontaneous contralateral calcific Achilles tendinopathy model in mice, which represents the overuse conditions during the tendinopathy development in human-beings. It should be a useful tool to further study the underlying pathogenesis of calcific Achilles tendinopathy.

scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF COLORECTAL PITS USING AUTOFLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY IMAGES

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-196
Author(s):  
Luciana Ariadna ERBES ◽  
Ángel Alberto ZEITOUNE ◽  
Humberto Maximiliano TORRES ◽  
Víctor Hugo CASCO ◽  
Javier ADUR
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Image Processing ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Colon Tissue ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Microscopy Images

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer is one of the most prevalent pathologies. Its prognosis is linked to the early detection and treatment. Currently diagnosis is performed by histological analysis from polyp biopsies, followed by morphological classification. Kudo’s pit pattern classification is frequently used for the differentiation of neoplastic colorectal lesions using hematoxylin-eosin stained samples. Few articles have reported this classification with image software processing, using exogenous markers over the samples. The processing of autofluorescence images is an alternative that could allow the characterization of the pits from the crypts of Lieberkühn, bypassing staining techniques. OBJECTIVE: Processing and analysis of widefield autofluorescence microscopy images obtained by fresh colon tissue samples from a murine model of colorectal cancer in order to quantify and characterize the pits morphology by measuring morphology parameters and shape descriptors. METHODS: Adult male BALB/cCmedc strain mice (n=27), ranging from 20 to 30 g, were randomly assigned to four and five groups of treated and control animals. Colon samples were collected at day zero and at fourth, eighth, sixteenth and twentieth weeks after treatmentwith azoxymethane. Two-dimensional (2D) segmentation, quantification and morphological characterization of pits by image processing applied using macro programming from FIJI. RESULTS: Type I is the pit morphology prevailing between 53 and 81% in control group weeks. III-L and III-S types were detected in reduced percentages. Between the 33 and 56% of type I was stated as the prevailing morphology for the 4th, 8th and 20th weeks of treated groups, followed by III-L type. For the 16th week, the 39% of the pits was characterized as III-L type, followed by type I. Further, pattern types as IV, III-S and II were also found mainly in that order for almost all of the treated weeks. CONCLUSION: These preliminaries outcomes could be considered an advance in two-dimensional pit characterization as the whole image processing, comparing to the conventional procedure, takes a few seconds to quantify and characterize non-pathological colon pits as well as to estimate early pathological stages of colorectal cancer.

scholarly journals Is blended e-learning as measured by an achievement test and self-assessment better than traditional classroom learning for vocational high school students?

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi-Cheng Chang ◽  
Kuen-Ming Shu ◽  
Chaoyun Liang ◽  
Ju-Shih Tseng ◽  
Yu-Sheng Hsu
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Achievement Test ◽  
Traditional Classroom ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vocational High School ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Electrical Machinery ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Experimental Group

<p>The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of blended e-learning on electrical machinery performance (achievement test and self-assessment). Participants were two classes of 11th graders majoring in electrical engineering and taking the electrical machinery class at a vocational high school in Taiwan. The participants were randomly selected and assigned to either the experimental group (<em>n</em> = 33) which studied through blended e-learning or the control group (<em>n</em> = 32) which studied through traditional classroom learning. The experiment lasted for five weeks. The results showed that (a) there were no significant differences in achievement test scores between blended e-learning and traditional learning; (b) students in the experimental group obtained significantly higher scores on self-assessment than students in the control group; (c) students’ scores on self-assessment were significantly higher after studying through blended e-learning than before. Overall, blended e-learning did not significantly affect students’ achievement test scores, but significantly affected their self-assessment scores.</p>

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