Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis to Evaluate Stress Distribution in Tooth and Implant-Supported Fixed Partial Denture–An In Vitro Study

Introduction This study was undertaken to assess the influence of different superstructure materials, when subjected to occlusal loading, on the pattern of stress distribution in tooth-supported, implant-supported, and tooth implant-supported fixed partial prostheses, using the finite element analysis with a comparative viewpoint. Materials and Methods The geometric models of implant and mandibular bone were generated. Three models were created in accordance with the need of the study. The first model was given a tooth-supported fixed partial prosthesis. The second model was given tooth implant-supported fixed partial prosthesis, and the third model was given implant-supported fixed partial prosthesis. Forces of 100 N and 50 N were applied axially and buccolingually, respectively. Results The present study compared the stresses arising in the natural tooth, implant, and the whole prostheses under simulated axial and buccolingual loading of three types of fixed partial dentures, namely, tooth-supported, tooth implant-supported, and implant-supported fixed partial dental prostheses using three different types of materials. Conclusion The pattern of stress distribution did not appear to be significantly affected by the type of prosthesis materials in all models. The maximum stress concentrations were found in the alveolar bone around the neck of the teeth and implants.