Clinical Presentation, Patient Assessment, Anatomy, Pathophysiology, and Imaging of Pelvic Venous Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (02) ◽  
pp. 233-238
Author(s):  
Sean Maratto ◽  
Neil M. Khilnani ◽  
Ronald S. Winokur
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Transvaginal Ultrasound ◽  
Venous Disease ◽  
Imaging Evaluation ◽  
Clinical Communication ◽  
Ultrasound Computed Tomography ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pelvic Varices

AbstractPelvic venous disorders (PeVDs) can result in several different clinical presentations, but can be challenging to distinguish from other etiologies of chronic pelvic pain (CPP). Clinical evaluation of CPP patients optimally should be performed in a multidisciplinary fashion and patients who may have PeVD should be referred for consultation with a vascular interventionalist whose evaluation would utilize an imaging workup to search for pelvic varices. Additionally, it is critical to quantify the quality-of-life effects of all CPP to determine the impact on the patient's overall health. Diagnostic imaging, including transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and venography, can be utilized to identify pelvic varices, as well as venous reflux and obstruction leading to CPP. The use of the SVP tool is important to classify PeVD patients based on their clinical symptoms, varicose veins, and pathophysiology for precise clinical communication and for reporting clinical research. The goal of this publication is to delineate the clinical presentation, anatomy, pathophysiology, and imaging evaluation of patients with CPP suspected of having PeVD.

Higher Level of Chicken Consumption Associated With Less Severe Venous Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-254
Author(s):  
Kanokwan Kulprachakarn ◽  
Prakaydao Abkom ◽  
Orapin Pongtam ◽  
Sakaewan Ounjaijean ◽  
Paweena Thongkham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Venous Disease ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chiang Mai ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Severity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Severe Type

The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of various food intake in patients with varicose veins. A cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2012 through November 2014. Patients at the outpatient department 101 at Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand, who were older than > 18 years were invited to participate in this study. The severity of varicose veins was divided into 2 groups according to CEAP (clinical, etiological, anatomical, and pathophysiological) classification: mild type of venous disease (C0-C2) and severe type of venous disease (C3-C6). Patients were interviewed about their demographic data and frequency of meat consumption for varicose veins using Vein Consult Program (VCP). A total of 558 eligible outpatients were recruited for the study. Most patients were female (78.9%) and aged >50 years (47.1%). Seventeen out of 558 patients were diagnosed with high severity of venous disease (3.0%). Remarkably, significantly higher body weight (73.8 ± 13.9 vs 58.4 ± 11.2 kg, P = .000) and body mass index (28.8 ± 4.4 vs 23.3 ± 3.9 kg/m2, P = .000) was found in patients with severe types of venous disease compared with the mild group. Unexpectedly, only chicken intake demonstrated the different association with varicose veins ( P = .022). Patients with severe venous disease showed lower frequency of chicken consumption. The results suggested an association of chicken consumption with a reduced chance of developing varicose veins.

Association between right heart diastolic function and clinical presentation of chronic venous disease and primary varicose veins of lower extremities

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 513-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yury Rusinovich ◽  
Volha Rusinovich
Keyword(s):  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Diastolic Function ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Chronic Venous Disease ◽  
Venous Disease ◽  
Right Heart ◽  
Right Ventricular Filling ◽  
Primary Varicose Veins ◽  
Ventricular Filling

Aim This study examines the association between right heart diastolic function and clinical presentation of chronic venous disease and primary varicose veins of lower extremities. Material and methods We performed retrospective analysis of clinical, peripheral venous Duplex and tricuspid Doppler (early diastolic inflow E-wave, late diastolic inflow A-wave, ratios of E to A waves, early diastolic annular e′-wave, late diastolic annular a′-wave and systolic annular s′- wave) data of 85 patients, 133 legs with primary varicose veins. Results We found following significant (p-value < 0.05) associations between tricuspid Doppler and clinical presentation of chronic venous disease and primary varicose veins: Clinical Etiological Anatomical Pathophysiological clinical class influenced late diastolic inflow velocities (C6 class A-wave +11.2 cm/s or +27% in comparison with C2), late diastolic annular velocities (C6 class a′-wave +3.3 cm/s or +22% in comparison with C2), systolic annular velocities (C6 class s′-wave +3.7 cm/s or +27% in comparison with C2) and E/A ratios (C6 class E/A ratio −0.22 or −21% in comparison with C2). Recurrent varices in comparison with previously untreated are associated with significantly lower late diastolic inflow velocities (A-wave −4.4 cm/s or −9%) and preserved E/A ratios. Age significantly influenced tricuspid Doppler (E-, A-, e′-, a′-waves and E/A ratios) in patients with chronic venous disease. Conclusion Clinical presentation of primary varicose veins and chronic venous disease can be associated with the right heart diastolic function: C6 Clinical Etiological Anatomical Pathophysiological class in comparison with C2 is associated with increased right ventricular filling and impaired ventricular relaxation – right heart diastolic dysfunction; recurrent varices in comparison with previously untreated are associated with reduced right ventricular filling and preserved right heart diastolic function. Older age is the most important risk factor for varicose veins and chronic venous disease possible due to significant changes in right ventricular filling and in right heart diastolic function with age.

Tratamento Endovascular da Síndrome de Congestão Pélvica: Série de Casos/Endovascular Treatment of Pelvic Congestion Syndrome: Case Series

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-157
Author(s):  
Melissa Andreia de Moraes Silva ◽  
Danielle Ribeiro Pereira ◽  
Érica Ribeiro Cruz ◽  
Seleno Glauber de Jesus Silva ◽  
Rodolfo Souza Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Pain ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Delayed Diagnosis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Venous Disease ◽  
Percutaneous Embolization ◽  
Pelvic Congestion Syndrome ◽  
Pelvic Varices ◽  
Pelvic Congestion

RESUMO                           Introdução: As varizes pélvicas fazem parte de uma entidade clínica, a síndrome da congestão pélvica (SCP), que acomete mulheres em idade reprodutiva, geralmente multíparas, e cursa com como dor e sensação de peso crônico na região pélvica, dispareunia, dismenorreia, congestão vulvar e disúria. A síndrome é  decorrente do refluxo de veias ovarianas incompetentes e dilatadas. O refluxo pélvico também apresenta-se como um fator causal importante no que diz respeito ao surgimento e recidiva da doença venosa nos membros inferiores. Casuística: Foram descritos três casos de pacientes portadoras de SCP com sintomas clássicos, com diagnóstico tardio. Todas foram submetidas à embolização percutânea das varizes através do implante de molas fibradas de liberação livre através do aceso femoral, e obtiveram resultado satisfatório, semelhantes aos citados na literatura. Discussão: O diagnóstico da SCP é difícil e o tratamento envolve terapia medicamentosa para melhora dos sintomas e, em casos refratários, o uso de técnicas minimamente invasivas como a embolização das veias gonadais. Trata-se de uma condição comum e subdiagnosticada, sendo muitas das vezes um achado de exclusão de outras patologias. Conclusão: A embolização percutânea das veias ovarianas é um método simples, eficaz, com baixos índices de complicações e com resultado satisfatório a curto e médio prazo. A recidiva é frequente no longo prazo, e pode estar relacionada à progressão da doença varicosa ao longo do tempo e suas diferentes manifestações clínicas.Palavras-chave: Varizes, Dor pélvica, Embolização terapêutica. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Pelvic varices are part of a clinical entity, Pelvic Congestion Syndrome. This disease affects women at reproductive age, multiparous and presents symptoms such as chronic pelvic pain, feeling of heaviness in the pelvic region, dyspareunia, dysmenorrhea, vulvar congestion and urinary symptoms such as dysuria. Case Report: The aim of this study is to report a small case series of treatment of pelvic varices by embolization. We described three cases of patients suffering from pelvic varices with classic symptoms, which showed a delayed diagnosis, that caused emotional, aesthetic and marital problems. All of them underwent percutaneous embolization of varices, achieved satisfactory results and have been in clinical monitoring. Discussion: The cause of the disturb is the reflux of incompetent and dilated ovarian veins. Pelvic reflux also presents itself as an important causative factor concerning the appearance and recurrence of venous disease in lower members. Diagnosis is difficult. It is a common and underdiagnosed condition, often being a finding that excludes other pathologies. The results found after treatment were similar to stated in literature. Conclusion: The embolization of pelvic varices has been shown simpler and effective, with lowest rates of complications and with satisfactory results at short and long term. However, more studies regarding the outcome of different treatment methods are needed.Keywords: Varicose veins, Pelvic pain, Therapeutic embolization.

scholarly journals The Impact of Pneumonia on the Course and Outcome in Patients with Seasonal Influzenza

PRILOZI ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Marija Cvetanovska ◽  
Zvonko Milenovic ◽  
Krsto Grozdanovski ◽  
Ilir Demiri ◽  
Katerina Spasovska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Severe Influenza ◽  
General Data ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Secondary Bacterial Pneumonia ◽  
Symptoms And Signs

AbstractIntroduction: Seasonal influenza, although often presented as a mild, self-limiting disease, is frequently accompanied by complications that lead to the development of a severe clinical presentation and a fatal outcome. The most common are respiratory complications, with secondary bacterial pneumonia being the leading cause.Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the impact of pneumonia on the severity of the clinical presentation and outcome in patients with seasonal influenza.Materials and Methods: This research is comparatively group-based and has been conducted at the University Clinic for Infectious Diseases and Febrile Conditions during a three-year period. The analysis consists of 122 adult patients with clinically and laboratory-confirmed influenza. Based on the severity of the clinical picture, the patients are divided into two groups, severe (n=87) and mild (n=35) forms of the disease. The study included demographic, general data, clinical symptoms, and signs as well as complications.Results: Of 122 patients with seasonal influenza, complications were registered among 108(88.52%), with a significantly more frequent emergence among the group with severe influenza 93.1% vs 77.14% (p=0.012). Pneumonia was the most common 98(80.33%) and had a significant effect on disease severity (p=0.002). Complications from the types of ABI 8(6.56%), ARDS 7(5.74%), sepsis 5(4.1%), DIC 4 (3.28%) and otitis 2(1.64%) were reported only in the group with severe influenza. Acute meningoencephalitis was registered among 5(4.1%), gastroenterocolitis among 3(2.46%), and hepatic damage among 14(11.47%) of patients.Conclusion: Pneumonia as the most common complication among patients with seasonal influenza significantly impacts the clinical course and outcome of the illness.

The Relevance of the Natural History of Varicose Veins and Refunded Care

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 23-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Pannier ◽  
E Rabe
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Chronic Venous Disease ◽  
Venous Disease ◽  
Progression Rate ◽  
Venous Ulcers ◽  
History Of

Chronic venous disease (CVD) is one of the most common diseases in our population. Aside from venous symptoms like heaviness and pain, which are present in about 50% of the general population, signs of CVD include varicose veins (VVs), oedema, eczema, venous eczema, hyperpigmentation, white atrophy, lipodermatosclerosis and venous ulcers. The aim of this paper is to review current literature for the relevance of natural history of VVs in refunded care. Available papers on VVs, progression of the disease and complications were reviewed. Prevalence of VVs is high with more than 20% in the general population. Information on progression of uncomplicated VV to chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is rare. However, most venous ulcers have a primary venous origin. The progression rate of VV to higher clinical stages reaches 4% per year. Among the risk factors are obesity and higher age. Quality of life (QOL) is also reduced in uncomplicated VV in C2 patients. In conclusion, there is evidence from the literature that a high proportion of patients with uncomplicated VVs in the clinical, aetiological, anatomical and pathophysiological classification (CEAP Clinical Class 2) will progress to CVI if untreated. VVs have a negative impact on QOL and clinical symptoms. VV patients with CVI (C3–C6) as well as those C2 patients with severe clinical symptoms and impaired QOL due to CVD should be treated with ablation of the VVs in a refunded care system.

Management of Patients when Superficial Venous Disease Arises from Pelvic Escape Points

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (02) ◽  
pp. 226-232
Author(s):  
Rakesh S. Ahuja ◽  
Tushar Garg ◽  
Deepak Sudheendra
Keyword(s):  
Venous Insufficiency ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Uterine Fibroids ◽  
Interventional Treatment ◽  
Venous Disease ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Pelvic Venous Insufficiency ◽  
Current Terminology ◽  
Pelvic Varices ◽  
Pelvic Congestion

AbstractChronic pelvic pain (CPP) is a common condition in women that carries with it significant morbidity. It is commonly seen in patients presenting to obstetrics and gynecology outpatient clinic visits. CPP is a presenting symptom of various pathologies including pelvic varicocele, pelvic adhesions, spastic colon syndrome, uterine fibroids, endometriosis, and psychosomatic disorders. Pelvic congestion syndrome has more recently been termed “pelvic venous insufficiency (PVI)” due to the underlying retrograde flow through incompetent ovarian and pelvic veins that are thought to cause the symptoms of CPP. Pelvic varices can commonly present alongside vulvar, perineal, and lower extremity varices. There are some predictable “escape pathways” for these varices that may present for interventional treatment. This article introduces the reader to current terminology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of patients with pelvic varices due to PVI.

TO SEPARATELY ASSESS THE DIAGNOSTIC POTENTIAL OF TVS & MRI IN THE TERMS OF SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY BY CORRELATING THE IMAGING FINDINGS WITH HISTOPATHOLOGY

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suraj Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Transvaginal Ultrasound ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Imaging Evaluation ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Conventional Mri ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
Adc Mapping ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

This prospective study was done in the Department of Radio diagnosis Govt. Medical College, Kozhikode. A total of 65 patients who were referred to our department with clinical suspicion of endometrial lesions and incidentally detected endometrial lesions on ultrasonography underwent transvaginal ultrasound and subsequent Imaging evaluation of pelvis MRI has very high sensitivity (95%) and specificity (98%) and is almost as accurate (97%) as histopathology in differentiating benign from malignant lesions. Addition of DWI with ADC mapping to conventional MRI increases its accuracy even more. However there is inherent limitation to MRI in detecting carcinoma in situ and micrometastasis. Keywords: TVS, MRI, Sensitivity, Specificity, Histopathology.

Features of postoperative period in patients with chronic venous insufficiency: phlebectomy versus thermal ablation

2020 ◽  
pp. 64-75
Author(s):  
E. Burleva ◽  
O. Smirnov ◽  
S. Tyurin
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Period ◽  
Chronic Venous Insufficiency ◽  
Thermal Ablation ◽  
Venous Insufficiency ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The purpose of the study was to conduct a comparative assessment of the course of the postoperative period after phlebectomy and thermal ablation in patients with varicose veins of the lower extremities in the system of the great saphenous vein (GSV) with class C2 of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) — CEAP class C2. Materials and methods: 455 patients (455 limbs) with CEAP class C2. Group 1 (n = 154) received stripping + minimally invasive phlebectomy; Group 2 — endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) of GSV trunk + sclerotherapy of varicose veins; 3 group (n = 150) — radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of the GSV + sclerotherapy. All patients were united by a single tactical solution — the elimination of pathological vertical reflux in GSV. In each group, patients were with similar hemodynamic profile were selected (Group 1 = 63; Group 2 = 61; Group 3 = 61). The course of the postoperative period (from 2 days to 2 months) was compared for pain (visual analog scale — VAS), clinical symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency, degree of satisfaction (Darvall questionnaire), and duration of disability. Statistical processing was carried out using Excel programs for Windows XP, MedCalc® (version 11.4.2.0., Mariakerke, Belgium). Results: Postoperative pain is more pronounced (during day 1 for Group 1–4.0, Group 2–3.0, Group 3–2.0) and more prolonged (up to 4 days) after open surgeries (p < 0.05). The dynamics of the clinical symptoms of CVI (including varicose syndrome and use of compression therapy) could not be fully evaluated in connection with the ongoing sclerotherapy procedures for patients of Groups 2 and 3. Satisfaction of patients with aesthetic aspects was higher than expected in all groups. Reliable statistical differences proved decrease in days of disability (Group 1–14; Group 2–4; Group 3–3) and earlier return to physical activities and work in patients after thermal ablation in comparison with phlebectomy. Conclusion: The study shows that all three methods for eliminating vertical reflux in the GSV can be proposed for a large category of patients with CEAP of class C3 and C2. Medical and social rehabilitation of patients using endovascular thermal ablation technologies proceeds faster, which is beneficial both for the patients and for society.

Alteraciones sistémicas y metabólicas producidas por lesión medular

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-75
Author(s):  
Gabriel Guízar Sahagún
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Autonomic Function ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Impact

Besides the well-known loss of motor and sensory capabilities, people with spinal cord injury (SCI) experience a broad range of systemic and metabolic abnormalities including, among others, dysfunction of cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, urinary, and endocrine systems. These alterations are a significant challenge for patients with SCI because such disorders severely interfere with their daily living and can be potentially life-threatening. Most of these disorders are associated with impairment of regulation of the autonomic nervous system, arising from disruption of connections between higher brain centers and the spinal cord caudal to the injured zone. Thus, the higher and more complete the lesion, the greater the autonomic dysfunction and the severity of complications.This article summarizes the medical scientific literature on key systemic and metabolic alterations derived of SCI. It provides information primarily focused on the pathophysiology and clinical presentation of these disorders, as well as some guides to prevent and alleviate such complications. Due to the impact of these alterations, this topic must be a priority and diffuse to those involved with the care of people with SCI, including the patient himself/herself. We consider that any collaborative effort should be supported, like the development of international standards, to evaluate autonomic function after SCI, as well as the development of novel therapeutic approaches.

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