Selenium in blood, semen, seminal plasma and spermatozoa of stallions and its relationship to sperm quality

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 886 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Bertelsmann ◽  
S. Keppler ◽  
M. Höltershinken ◽  
H. Bollwein ◽  
D. Behne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Selenium Concentration ◽  
Selenium Level ◽  
Sperm Chromatin ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Progressive Motility ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
The Relationship

The essential trace element selenium is indispensable for male fertility in mammals. Until now, little data existed regarding the relationship between selenium and sperm quality in the stallion. Selenium, or selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase activity, was determined in red blood cells, semen, seminal plasma and spermatozoa, and the percentages of spermatozoa with progressive motility (PMS), intact membranes (PMI), altered (positive) acrosomal status (PAS) and detectable DNA damage, determined by the sperm chromatin structure assay, were evaluated in 41 healthy stallions (three samples each). The pregnancy rate per oestrus cycle (PRC) served as an estimation of fertility. An adverse effect on stallion fertility caused by low dietary selenium intake was excluded, as all stallions had sufficient selenium levels in their blood. Interestingly, no significant correlations (P > 0.05) between the selenium level in blood and the selenium level in seminal plasma or spermatozoa were found, suggesting that the selenium level in blood is no indicator of an adequate selenium supply for spermatogenesis. The selenium level in spermatozoa (nmol billion–1) was correlated with PMI, PMS and PAS (r = 0.40, r = 0.31 and r = –0.42, respectively; P ≤ 0.05), and the selenium concentration in spermatozoa (nmol g–1) was correlated with PRC (r = 0.40, P < 0.03). The results of the present study show that the determination of an adequate selenium status for the male equine reproduction requires the analysis of selenium in spermatozoa. Furthermore, selenium is associated with improved sperm quality and fertility in the stallion.

Determination of selenium concentration and glutathione peroxidase activity in plasma and erythrocytes.

1982 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
P A Pleban ◽  
A Munyani ◽  
J Beachum
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Zeeman Effect ◽  
Selenium Concentration ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Plasma Selenium ◽  
Plasma Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Flameless Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Plasma Glutathione

Abstract We determined selenium concentrations and activities of the selenoenzyme, glutathione peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.9), in the plasma and erythrocytes of 38 apparently healthy women. We determined selenium concentrations directly by polarized Zeeman-effect flameless atomic absorption spectroscopy. Within-run precision studies for the assays gave CVs of 5.6% for a mean erythrocyte selenium concentration of 149.9 (SD 8.3) microgram/L (n = 10) and 6.4% for a mean plasma selenium concentration of 97.3 (SD 6.2) microgram/L (n = 12). For the women, mean selenium concentrations were 141.4 (SD 14.3) microgram/L of erythrocytes [0.49 (SD 0.07) microgram/g of hemoglobin and 96.3 (SD 14.2) microgram/L of plasma. Glutathione peroxidase activities were measured by a modification of the method of Paglia and Valentine (J. Lab. Clin. Med. 70: 158--169, 1967). Within-run precision studies for the glutathione peroxidase assays gave CVs of 12.8% for mean erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity of 77.2 (SD 9.9) U/g of hemoglobin (n = 13), and 8.1% for mean plasma activity of 312.5 (SD 25.2) U/L (n = 11). Mean enzyme activity was 78.7 (SD 12.9) U/g of hemoglobin for erythrocytes and 424 (SD 40) U/L for plasma. Erythrocyte selenium concentrations and glutathione peroxidase activities were positively, but poorly, correlated (r = 0.41, p less than 0.01).

Determination of glutation peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities in canine seminal plasma and its relation with sperm quality and lipid peroxidation post thaw

2011 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.R. Neagu ◽  
B. Macías García ◽  
A. Morillo Rodríguez ◽  
C. Ortega Ferrusola ◽  
J.M. Gallardo Bolaños ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Sperm Quality

scholarly journals 0029 Light Emitted from Media Devices at Night is Associated with Decline in Sperm Quality

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A12-A12
Author(s):  
A Green ◽  
S Barak ◽  
L Shine ◽  
A Kahane ◽  
Y Dagan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Digital Devices ◽  
Progressive Motility ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Introduction The last several decades have been characterized by the widespread usage of digital devices, especially smartphones. At the same time, there have been reports of male fertility decline. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between evening exposure to the light-emitting screens of digital media devices and sperm quality. Methods Semen samples were obtained from 116 men adults aged between 21 and 59 (35.2 ±7.2) undergoing fertility evaluation for the following sperm variables: volume (mL), pH, sperm concentration (n/mL), motility percentage (progressive% + non-progressive motility%) and total sperm count. Exposure to the screens of electronic devices and sleep habits were obtained by means of a questionnaire. Results Smartphone and tablet usage in the evening and after bedtime was negatively correlated (p&lt;0.05) with sperm motility, sperm progressive motility, and sperm concentration, and positively correlated with the percentage of immotile sperm. In addition, sleep duration was positively correlated with sperm total and progressive motility and negatively correlated with semen pH (p&lt;0.05). A significant negative correlation was observed between subjective sleepiness and total and progressive motility as well as total motile sperm number (p&lt;0.05). Conclusion The results of this study revealed a link between evening and post-bedtime exposure to light-emitting digital media screens and sperm quality. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report these types of correlations between sperm quality and exposure time to SWL emitted from digital media, especially smartphones and tablets, in the evening and after bedtime. Support No Support

50 ESTIMATION OF CHROMATIN ABNORMALITY OF OGYE ROOSTER SEMEN WITH Diff-Quik STAINING

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
S. W. Kim ◽  
A. R. Choi ◽  
C. Y. Choe ◽  
D. K. Kim ◽  
H. H. Seong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staining Method ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Sperm Head ◽  
Head Movements ◽  
Sperm Chromatin ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
Sperm Nuclei ◽  
Live Sperm ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Fresh Semen

The abnormality of Ogye rooster sperm chromatin could be detected by simple sperm staining. In this abstract, a Diff-Quick staining kit was tested for assessment of chicken sperm quality. Using a standard bright-field microscope, Diff-Quik stains can be reproducibly, easily, and routinely monitored with simple staining. The presence of abnormal chromatin staining of rooster sperm was determined by darker stain in head. In the fresh semen, the viabilities of 3 tested Ogye spermatozoa were 93.53, 82.42, and 90.63%, and normal chromatin rates were 87.96, 74.25, and 85.10%, respectively. However, after cryopreservation, the rates of viability of thawed semen were reduced to 69.58, 61.98, and 72.20%, and normal chromatin rate also reduced to 58.91, 48.49, and 63.34%. A significant correlation between live sperm and normal sperm nuclei was 0.875 in fresh semen and 0.513 in frozen semen. After incubation of sperm at 37°C for 5 min, the rates of viability, chromatin normality, and sperm head activity were shown as 90.63 ± 1.28%, 82.44 ± 8.09%, and 66.68 ± 10.29% in fresh semen. However, the rates of thawed semen were reduced to 67.92 ± 7.55%, 56.92 ± 12.15%, and 47.32 ± 5.02%, respectively. The relationship between chromatin normality and sperm head movements in fresh and thawed semen were 0.564 and 0.540, respectively. With these results, the chicken sperm normality could be assessed by the Diff-Quik staining, which could be used for chromatin status of sperm head and activated morphology of live spermatozoa, as a simple and rapid staining method.

scholarly journals Seminal Plasma: Effect on Motility, Membrane Functionality, and Spermatic Chromatin Dispersion of Equine Sperm Treated with N-acetyl-L-cysteine at 5°C

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Murilo Farias Rodrigues ◽  
Janislene Mach Trentin ◽  
Laurence Boligon de Araujo ◽  
Luiz Augusto Machado Centeno ◽  
Ricardo Olimpio Schenatto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Dna Lesions ◽  
Sperm Chromatin ◽  
Dna Integrity ◽  
Membrane Function ◽  
Motile Cells ◽  
Semen Preservation

Background: N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) is a low molecular weight thiol studied as an antioxidant for stallion semen preservation without changes on sperm viability. Equine seminal plasma is rich in sulfur proteins (cysteine residues) named CRISPS, which, when combined with sulfur-containing antioxidants, can enhance the appearance of DNA lesions. The aim of this study was to assess and compare the effect of different concentrations of NAC by evaluating motility, membrane function and sperm chromatin integrity of equine semen cooled at 5°C in 50% of seminal plasma.Materials, Methods & Results: Nine ejaculates from 9 stallions were divided into 4 aliquots, diluted and divided in nonsupplemented skim milk group (0.0 mM), or supplemented with 5.0, 2.5 and 0.5 mM NAC. Evaluations were made at 0 h, 24 h and 48 h of cooling, except for motility which was evaluated only up to 24 h. The 0.5 (59.7 μM2) and 5.0 mM NAC (55.5 μM2) groups showed similar areas of sperm chromatin dispersion among all groups. However, the area of chromatin dispersion between the non-supplemented group was higher = 65.3 μM2 than the group supplemented with 2.5 mM. The percentage of cells with a functional plasma membrane was similar between supplemented and non-supplemented (0.0 mM) groups, but higher (P < 0.05) in the 0.5 mM NAC (39.7 and 39.8%, respectively) than that of 2.5 mM (34.5%) and 5.0 mM (34.2%) concentrations. Progressive motility was similar among all groups supplemented with NAC. The 0.5 mM NAC group showed 35.2% motile cells while the non-supplemented group exhibited 36.2%. Although 50% seminal plasma was used, NAC did not affect sperm chromatin integrity.Discussion: Seminal plasma interfered more in the results of different concentrations of NAC. This statement is proven by the motility analysis where all NAC concentrations showed similar results. Plasma percentage higher than 20% in diluted semen causes deleterious effects on sperm, such as decreased motility and fertilizing capacity. The membrane analysis in our study was compromised because NAC (2.5 to 5.0 mM) showed high osmolarity. As this was not adjusted, it affected the result. The 2.5 mM NAC group showed a lower area of sperm chromatin dispersion than none-treated sperm, although showing similar results to the other treatments. In a study with semen of Mangalarga Marchador stallions, the 2.5 mM of NAC was able to protect sperm membrane integrity. However, in another study, where semen was kept cooled between 5 and 15°C, no change was observed on sperm quality over different concentrations of NAC. This reinforces that 2.5 mM of NAC provides adequate protection to semen exposed to harmful conditions.The high percentage of plasma associated with this sulfur antioxidant did not compromise DNA integrity, as NAC concentration used was 100 times less than the concentration needed to induce DNA lesions.

116 EFFECT OF INCUBATION OF BOVINE EPIDIDYMAL SPERMATOZOA IN SEMINAL PLASMA PRIOR TO CRYOPRESERVATION

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
C. A. Guerrero ◽  
J. A. Jenkins ◽  
J. W. Lynn ◽  
K. R. Bondioli ◽  
R. A. Godke
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Bath ◽  
Sperm Chromatin ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Dna Integrity ◽  
Epididymal Sperm ◽  
Acrosome Integrity

Studies examining the influence of seminal plasma on sperm function have shown both beneficial and detrimental effects. However, its effect on pre-frozen bovine epididymal sperm (BES) has not been documented. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of a 30-min incubation of BES in bovine seminal plasma (SEMP) prior to freezing on post-thaw sperm parameters. Paired testes were obtained from mature bulls (n = 10) at a local abattoir and transported to the laboratory (25–28°C) within 3–5 h postmortem. BES were harvested by multiple incisions from the caudae epididymides of each bull, pooled, and split into either Treatment A, 3 mL of egg yolk Tris-based medium (EYT) (No SEMP), or Treatment B, 3 mL of SEMP, each for 30 min in a 37°C water bath. SEMP was extracted from ejaculates of mature bulls (n = 6), and then pooled and stored at −20°C until used. Sperm from both treatments were re-suspended in EYT, adjusted to 70 × 106 sperm mL−1 and cooled to 4°C at 0.1°C min−1. Samples were diluted slowly over a 30-min period with 1:1 EYT medium containing 14% glycerol and loaded into 0.5-mL straws. Straws were frozen in liquid nitrogen vapors. For sperm analyses, straws were thawed in a water bath at 37°C for 40 s. Morphology was determined by staining with eosin-nigrosin. Viability and acrosome integrity were measured simultaneously with the combination of SYBR 14, propidium iodide, and PE-PNA. Mitochondrial activity was measured by the combination of MitoTracker Red and SYBR 14. DNA integrity was determined by acridine orange using the sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA®; SCSA Diagnostics, Inc., Brookings, SD, USA). All assays were performed by multicolor flow cytometry. Differences between treatments were analyzed using one-way ANOVA (P &lt; 0.05). In summary, all sperm quality parameters decreased significantly after thawing in both treatments (Table 1). A significantly higher overall and progressive motility post-thaw was achieved when sperm were incubated in SEMP prior to freezing. However, no difference was detected in sperm viability, acrosome integrity, mitochondrial activity, and DNA integrity between treatments. Also, SEMP reduced the quantity of distal droplets and broken tails post-thaw over that of no SEMP. Results indicate that incubation of BES in bovine seminal plasma prior to freezing improves post-thaw sperm quality. Table 1. Effect of bovine seminal plasma (SEMP) on quality parameters (mean ± SEM) of post-thaw bovine epididymal sperm

Thromboplastin Related Differences in the Determination of International Normalised Ratio: A Cause for Concern?

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (03) ◽  
pp. 426-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Kitchen ◽  
I D Walker ◽  
T A L Woods ◽  
F E Preston
Keyword(s):  
Patient Management ◽  
External Quality Assessment ◽  
Oral Anticoagulant Therapy ◽  
Warfarin Dosage ◽  
External Quality ◽  
External Quality Assessment Scheme ◽  
International Normalised Ratio ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Relationship

SummaryWhen the International Normalised Ratio (INR) is used for control of oral anticoagulant therapy the same result should be obtained irrespective of the laboratory reagent used. However, in the UK National External Quality Assessment Scheme (NEQAS) for Blood Coagulation INRs determined using different reagents have been significantly different.For 18 NEQAS samples Manchester Reagent (MR) was associated with significantly lower INRs than those obtained using Diagen Activated (DA, p = 0.0004) or Instrumentation Laboratory PT-Fib HS (IL, p = 0.0001). Mean INRs for this group were 3.15, 3.61, and 3.65 for MR, DA, and IL respectively. For 61 fresh samples from warfarin-ised patients with INRs of greater than 3.0 the relationship between thromboplastins in respect of INR was similar to that observed for NEQAS data. Thus INRs obtained with MR were significantly lower than with DA or IL (p <0.0001). Mean INRs for this group were 4.01, 4.40, and 4.59 for MR, DA, and IL respectively.We conclude that the differences between INRs measured with the thromboplastins studied here are sufficiently great to influence patient management through warfarin dosage schedules, particularly in the upper therapeutic range of INR. There is clearly a need to address the issues responsible for the observed discrepancies.

Modern determinants of endometrium hyperplastic processes pathogenesis

2016 ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
V.O. Benyuk ◽  
◽  
V.M. Goncharenko ◽  
T.R. Nykoniuk ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conservative Therapy ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Immunohistochemical Method ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Receptor Phenotype ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Endometrial Proliferation

The objective: to еxplore the relationship between the activity of endometrial proliferation and the state of the local immune response in the uterus in the conditions berprestasi process. Patients and methods. Examined 228 women of reproductive and perimenopausal age with endometrial pathology using ultrasound and then performing hysteroresectoscopy. Determination of the concentrations of the cytokines IL-1, IL-2, IL-6 and TNF was performed by solid phase ELISA. Results. Found a trend that confirms the loss of sensitivity to hormones at the stage of malignancy of the endometrium and can be used as diagnostic determinants in determining the nature of intrauterine pathology and criterion of the effectiveness of conservative therapy. Conclusion. Improving etiopatogenetice approach to the therapy of hyperplastic proce.sses of endometrium with determination of receptor phenotype of the endometrium is a research direction in modern gynecology, which will help to improve the results of treatment and prevention of intrauterine pathology. Key words: endometrial hyperplasia,the receptors for progesterone and estrogen, immunohistochemical method.

Calculating the aerodynamics of vertical axis wind turbines

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoang Thi Bich Ngoc
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Incidence Angle ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Rotor Blades ◽  
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Velocity Triangle ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Vertical axis wind turbine technology has been applied last years, very long after horizontal axis wind turbine technology. Aerodynamic problems of vertical axis wind machines are discussible. An important problem is the determination of the incidence law in the interaction between wind and rotor blades. The focus of the work is to establish equations of the incidence depending on the blade azimuth, and to solve them. From these results, aerodynamic torques and power can be calculated. The incidence angle is a parameter of velocity triangle, and both the factors depend not only on the blade azimuth but also on the ratio of rotational speed and horizontal speed. The built computational program allows theoretically selecting the relationship of geometric parameters of wind turbine in accordance with requirements on power, wind speed and installation conditions.

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