Condom use in China: prevalence, policies, issues and barriers

Sexual Health ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huachun Zou ◽  
Hui Xue ◽  
Xiaofang Wang ◽  
Damien Lu
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infections ◽  
Discordant Couples ◽  
Promotion Strategies ◽  
Sex With Men

In this review, we describe condom use and its influencing factors in China, with a particular focus on the five populations that are at high risk for HIV/sexually transmissible infections (STI) infection: female sex workers, men who have sex with men, migrant workers, young people and sero-discordant couples. The risk for HIV/STI infection is high while condom use rates are low among these five populations. The 100% Condom Use Programme was successful in trial regions in increasing condom use and decreasing HIV/STI prevalence; however, long-term and routine condom promotion strategies should be in place to ensure better awareness of condom use, high availability of condoms and high rate of condom use among populations at high risk of HIV/STI infection in China. Realistic and vigorous condom-related policies and action plans should be developed and implemented to address the issues and barriers facing condom promotion in China.

Impact of HIV risk perception on both pre-exposure prophylaxis and condom use

2019 ◽  
pp. 135910531988392
Author(s):  
Marion Di Ciaccio ◽  
Luis Sagaon-Teyssier ◽  
Christel Protière ◽  
Mohamed Mimi ◽  
Marie Suzan-Monti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Hiv Risk Perception ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Trajectory Modelling

Risk perception is one of the several important factors impacting sexual health behaviours. This study investigated the evolution of HIV risk perception on pre-exposure prophylaxis adherence and condom use in men who have sex with men at high risk of HIV and associated factors. Group-based trajectory modelling helped in identifying patterns of risk perception, pre-exposure prophylaxis adherence and condom use over time. The association between the former and the latter two dimensions was then investigated. An estimated 61 per cent ( p < 0.001) of participants perceiving low risk and 100 per cent ( p < 0.001) of those perceiving high risk had systematic pre-exposure prophylaxis adherence, while an estimated 49 per cent ( p < 0.001) and 99.8 per cent ( p < 0.001), respectively, reported low-level condom use.

Cross-sectional survey of Chinese-speaking and Thai-speaking female sex workers in Sydney, Australia: factors associated with consistent condom use

Sexual Health ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosalind Foster ◽  
Lynne McCormack ◽  
Caroline Thng ◽  
Handan Wand ◽  
Anna McNulty
Keyword(s):  
Condom Use ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Consistent Condom ◽  
Consistent Condom Use ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infections ◽  
Vaginal Sex ◽  
Sydney Australia ◽  
Sex Practices

Background Previous studies have described inconsistent condom use in Chinese- and Thai-speaking female sex workers in Sydney, Australia. In the present study, we describe the demographics and safe sexual practices in the Chinese- and Thai-speaking female sex workers attending the Sydney Sexual Health Centre (SSHC) in 2014–15. Methods: A self-completed 60-item anonymous questionnaire, adapted from previous surveys conducted in 1993 and 2003, was translated into Chinese and Thai and administered to female sex workers attending the SSHC or seen on outreach. Results: In all, 488 surveys were distributed, of which 435 were returned; 43% in Chinese and 57% in Thai. Most women did not plan on sex work before their arrival in Australia. Compared with Chinese-speaking women, Thai-speaking women rated themselves higher on English language literacy, had better knowledge of the transmission of HIV and sexually transmissible infections (STIs) and were more likely to practice 100% condom use. Overall, 72% of the sex workers surveyed reported consistent condom use for vaginal sex at work. Conclusions: Consistent condom use for vaginal sex at work among Chinese- and Thai-speaking female sex workers has decreased slightly from that reported in a similar survey conducted by the SSHC in 2003, when 85% of sex workers reported consistent condom use. There are significant differences between Chinese- and Thai-speaking sex workers in terms of both knowledge and safer sex practices. Ongoing health promotion efforts should focus on providing culturally appropriate education around STIs and safe sex practices not only to workers, but also to parlour owners, managers and consumers.

HIV decline associated with changes in risk behaviours among young key populations in Nepal: analysis of population-based HIV prevalence surveys between 2001 and 2012

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 864-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keshab Deuba ◽  
Anna Mia Ekström ◽  
Göran Tomson ◽  
Rachana Shrestha ◽  
Gaetano Marrone
Keyword(s):  
Condom Use ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Key Populations ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
The Past ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Male Labour

We assessed changes in HIV prevalence and risk behaviours among young key populations in Nepal. A total of 7505 participants (aged 16–24 years) from key populations who were at increased risk of HIV infection (2767 people who inject drugs (PWID); 852 men who have sex with men/transgender (MSM/TG); 2851 female sex workers (FSW) and 1035 male labour migrants) were recruited randomly over a 12-year period, 2001–2012. Local epidemic zones of Nepal (Kathmandu valley, Pokhara valley, Terai Highway and West to Far West hills) were analysed separately. We found a very strong and consistent decline in HIV prevalence over the past decade in different epidemic zones among PWID and MSM/TG in Kathmandu, the capital city, most likely due to a parallel increase in safe needle and syringe use and increased condom use. A decrease in HIV prevalence in 22 Terai highway districts, sharing an open border with India, was also consistent with increased condom use among FSW. Among male labour migrants, HIV prevalence was low throughout the period in the West to Far West hilly regions. Condom use by migrant workers involved with FSW abroad increased while their condom use with Nepalese FSW declined. Other risk determinants such as mean age at starting first injection, injection frequency, place of commercial sex solicitation, their mean age when leaving to work abroad did not change consistently across epidemic zones among the young key populations under study. In Nepal, the decline in HIV prevalence over the past decade was remarkably significant and consistent with an increase in condom use and safer use of clean needles and syringes. However, diverging trends in risk behaviours across local epidemic zones of Nepal suggest a varying degree of implementation of national HIV prevention policies. This calls for continued preventive efforts as well as surveillance to sustain the observed downward trend.

Inconsistent Condom Use Among Young Men Who Have Sex With Men, Male Sex Workers, and Transgenders in Thailand

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tareerat Chemnasiri ◽  
Taweesak Netwong ◽  
Surasing Visarutratana ◽  
Anchalee Varangrat ◽  
Andrea Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Condom Use ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Male Sex Workers ◽  
Inconsistent Condom ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Inconsistent Condom Use

scholarly journals Disección endoscópica con técnica de bolsillo submucoso. ¿Puede reemplazar a la disección convencional?

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martín Yantorno ◽  
Gustavo Javier Correa ◽  
Sebastián Esteves ◽  
Florencia Giraudo ◽  
Agustina Redondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
En Bloc Resection ◽  
Conventional Technique ◽  
Bloc Resection ◽  
Complete Resection ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Procedure Time ◽  
Technical Success ◽  
En Bloc

Endoscopic submucosal dissection is a complex technique that allows en bloc resection of large lesions. It is associated with long-term, technically complex procedures and a high risk of complications. The creation of a submucosal pocket is a variant of the conventional technique that reduces these difficulties, generating a high rate of complete resection with a shorter procedure time, a faster dissection speed and a lower rate of adverse events. Even though this variant was initially described in the stomach, its application has been generalized to other areas of the digestive tract. We present two cases where this variant technique was applied to treat large early lesions, with technical success.

scholarly journals Long-term trends in Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis prevalence among brothel-based female sex workers in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Dewa Nyoman Wirawan ◽  
Emily Rowe ◽  
Fonny Silfanus ◽  
Putri Pidari ◽  
Gusti Ayu Satriani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Clinic Visit ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Visit Frequency ◽  
Long Term Trends

Abstract: The objective of this study is to analyze the long-term trends of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infections and risk factors among female sex workers (FSW) in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. In order to understand the long-term trends, secondary data was examined from the years 1997-1999, 2004, 2007, 2009 and 2010; to analyze associated factors, data from 2010 was used.  Analysis indicates an overall decrease of NG prevalence in Bali from 60.5% (95%CI: 56.6-64.5) in 1997 to 22% (95%CI: 16.8-27.1) in 2010. CT prevalence has also experienced a long term decline but not to the same degree as NG. Findings from analysis of surveys in 2004 and 2010 indicate that there is a strong relationship between condom use in the last sexual transaction with NG infection (p=0.02), duration of sex work (p=0.02), number of clients in the last week (p=0.01), clinic visit intervals and clinic visit frequency. CT prevalence was associated with the number of clients (p=0.04) and clinic visit frequency. Unfortunately, these were the only variables collected therefore a multivariate analysis was not possible. High prevalence of both GN and CT is associated with the high mobility of FSW and low condom use. There is a significant long-term decrease of NG prevalence from 60.5% to 22%. However, CT experienced an insignificant long term decrease from 41.3% to 35%.

Are Australian sexual health clinics attracting priority populations?

Sexual Health ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hammad Ali ◽  
Basil Donovan ◽  
Christopher K. Fairley ◽  
Nathan Ryder ◽  
Anna McNulty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Health Clinics ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infections ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Australian Bureau Of Statistics ◽  
Sexual Health Clinics ◽  
Priority Populations

To answer a key question (‘Are Australian sexual health clinics attracting priority populations?’), we used data from 44 Australian sexual health clinics between 2004 and 2011. We assessed the proportion of patients that were from priority populations (deemed to be at risk of sexually transmissible infections) and compared this to their proportions in the general population using data from Australian Bureau of Statistics and the Australian Study of Health and Relationships. A χ2-test was used. A total of 278 154 new patients attended during 2004–2011. The proportions from each priority population were significantly higher (P < 0.01 for all) than for the general population: young people aged 15–29 years (58.1% v. 20.1%), men who have sex with men (26.0% v. 6.0%), female sex workers (10.8% v. 0.5%), and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people (4.2% v. 2.3%). This study confirms that Australian sexual health clinics attract higher proportions of priority populations and are thus meeting their mandate as defined in the 2010–2013 National Sexually Transmissible Infections Strategy.

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