Microbial biomass carbon and some soil properties as influenced by long-term sodic-water irrigation, gypsum, and organic amendments

Soil Research ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joginder Kaur ◽  
O. P. Choudhary ◽  
Bijay-Singh
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Sodic Water

Long-term sodic-water irrigation may adversely affect the quality of soil organic carbon along with some soil properties. The extent to which the adverse effects can be ameliorated through the use of gypsum and amendments needs to be known. Soil properties and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) were studied after 14 years of sodic water (SW) irrigation and application of different levels of gypsum, farmyard manure (FYM), green manure (GM), and wheat straw (WS) to a sandy loam soil. Irrigation with SW increased pH, electrical conductivity, sodium adsorption ratio, exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), and bulk density, and decreased final infiltration rate of soil. Application of gypsum and organic amendments reversed these trends. Decrease in MBC due to SW irrigation was from 132.5 to 44.6 mg/kg soil in the 0–75 mm soil layer and from 49.0 to 17.3 mg/kg soil in the 75–150 mm soil layer. Application of gypsum and organic amendments significantly increased MBC; GM and FYM were more effective than WS. Changes in soil ESP explained 85 and 75% variation in MBC in the unamended and organically amended SW treatments, respectively. Soil pH as additional variable improved the predictability of MBC to 96% and 77%. Irrigation with SW reduced yield of rice plus wheat by 5 t/ha. Application of gypsum and organic amendments significantly increased the rice and wheat yield; it was significantly correlated with MBC (r = 0.56**, n = 60). It confirms that MBC rather than organic C is a more sensitive indicator of environmental stresses in soils caused by long-term sodic water irrigation.

IMPACT OF ELEMENTAL SULFUR FERTILIZATION ON AGRICULTURAL SOILS. I. EFFECTS ON MICROBIAL BIOMASS AND ENZYME ACTIVITIES

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 463-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. S. R. GUPTA ◽  
J. R. LAWRENCE ◽  
J. J. GERMIDA
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Repeated Application ◽  
Organic C ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sulfur Fertilization

This study investigated the impact of repeated application of S° fertilizer on microbial and biochemical characteristics of two Grey Luvisolic soils. The Waitville pasture plots received Agri-Sul at a rate of 22 or 44 kg S° ha−1 yr−1 for 5 yr, whereas the Loon River canola-summerfallow plots received single or double applications of Flow-able Sulfur (50 kg S° ha−1) or Agri-Sul (100 kg S° ha−1). Application of S° fertilizer significantly decreased the pH in both soils. Organic C declined in S°-treated plots of the Waitville soil, and there was a narrowing of C:N:S ratios in both soils. Application of S° fertilizer significantly increased the total S, HI-S and sulfate sulfur levels of both soils. There was a 29–45% and 2–51% decline in microbial biomass carbon content due to S° fertilizer application in Waitville and Loon River soils, respectively. Repeated application of S° also resulted in a decline in respiration, dehydrogenase, urease, alkaline phosphatase and arylsulfatase activities, along with populations of protozoa, algae and nitrifiers in both soils. Significant correlations observed among related characteristics further emphasized the treatment effects. These results indicate that the impact of repeated application of S° fertilizer on microbial biomass and activity should be considered when recommending S° as a fertilizer for sulfur-deficient soils. Key words: Sulfur (elemental), microbial biomass, dehydrogenase, urea, phosphomonoesterases, arylsulfatase

scholarly journals Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon under Rhizosphere and Non- Rhizosphere of Maize after a Long-Term Nitrogen Fertilization and Tillage Systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
. Dermiyati ◽  
Eva Firdaus ◽  
Muhajir Utomo ◽  
Mas Achmad Syamsul Arif ◽  
Sutopo Ghani Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Maize Plant ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon

This research aimed to study the soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) under maize plant after a long-term application of nitrogen fertilizer and tillage systems (at the 37th growing season). The treatments were arranged in a factorial (3x3) in a randomized completely block design with 3 replications. The first factor was tillage systems, namely intensive tillage (IT) system, minimum tillage (MT) system, and no tillage (NT) system, and the second factor was the long-term application of nitrogen fertilizer, namely 0, 100, and 200 kg N ha-1. Data were analyzed using an orthogonal contrast test and a correlation test between SMBC and organic-C, total-N, and pH of the soil. The results showed that, in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere of maize plant, MT system increased the SMBC compared to NT and IT systems. However, application of long-term application of nitrogen fertilizer did not increase the SMBC. Nevertheless, fertilizer application of 100 kg N ha-1 increased the SMBC compare to 200 kg N ha-1.Furthermore, the combination of MT system and 100 kg N ha-1 could increase the SMBC compared to the other combined treatment between tillage systems and N fertilization doses. The SMBC was higher in the rhizosphere than in non-rhizosphere of maize plant.Keywords: Non-rhizosphere, rhizosphere, soil microbial biomass carbon, tillage systems

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of certain soil microbiological characteristics of the carbon cycle

2016 ◽  
pp. 137-141
Author(s):  
Bence Mátyás ◽  
Judit Horváth ◽  
János Kátai
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Carbon Cycle ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Microbiological Characteristics ◽  
Long Term Experiment

In our researches, we examine the soil microbial parameters related to the carbon cycle. In this study, we compare the changes of microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and the soil CO2 production in soil samples which were taken in spring and autumn. The 30 years old long-term experiment of Debrecen-Látókép is continued in our experiments. The long-term fertilization experiment was set in 1983, and our sample was taken in spring 2014. The examinations of soil respiration processes and factors that influence soil respiration are required in optimal management. In our study, we interested to know how the growing levels of fertilization influence the soil respiration and microbial biomass carbon under non-irrigated and irrigated conditions in maize mono, bi, and triculture.

scholarly journals Soil carbon, microbial biomass carbon, soil health and productivity of toria (Brassica campestris L.) crop as affected by the application of organic manures

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 1379-1386
Author(s):  
B. Gogoi ◽  
◽  
B. Kalita ◽  
I. Bhupenchandra ◽  
P. Sutradhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Organic Manures

Aim: To investigate the effect of different organic manures on the performance of toria crop and to understand their impact on the soil properties and availability of nutrients in acidic sandy loam soil. Methodology: Three-year fixed plot study was conducted with 7 treatments viz., T1: control, T2: recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF), T3: cow dung manure @ 5 t ha-1, T4: pig dung manure @ 5 t ha-1, T5: goat dung manure @ 5 t ha-1, T6: farm yard manure (FYM) @ 5 t ha-1, and T7: vermicompost @ 5 t ha-1 replicating 3 times in a complete randomized block design. Data were collected and analysed following the standard procedures. The yield and yield attributing parameters of toria and the soil properties such as soil pH, organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon and available NPK were studied. Results: Application of different organic manures significantly affected the plant height, number of primary branches per plant, number of siliquae per branch, number of seeds siliqua and 1000-seed weight of toria crop. Addition of organic manure significantly enhanced the soil organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon and available NPK in the soil over initial, except soil pH. The cost of cultivation, gross return and net return varied from 10.50 ×103 to 23.10 ×103, 15.00 ×103 to 35.10 ×103 and 4.46 ×103 to 19.96 ×103 Rs. ha-1, respectively. The B:C ratio varied in the order of goat dung manure > cow dung manure >RDF >FYM > pig dung manure > vermicompost > control treatment. Interpretation: To achieve maximum performance with nourishment of soil quality and health, application of vermicompost was confirmed to be the best over other organic sources of nutrients primarily due to enhancement in C and N status and an increase in microbial activities in soil.

scholarly journals Effects of Organic Amendments on Soil Aggregate Stability and Microbial Biomass in a Long-Term Fertilization Experiment (IOSDV)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 9769
Author(s):  
Gábor Csitári ◽  
Zoltán Tóth ◽  
Mónika Kökény
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Fertilization Experiment ◽  
Straw Incorporation

The effect of two types of organic amendment (manure and straw incorporation) and various doses (0–200 kg N*ha−1) of mineral N fertilization on microbial biomass C (MBC), aggregate stability (AS), soil organic C (SOC) and grain yield were investigated in an IOSDV long-term fertilization experiment (Keszthely, Hungary). This study was conducted during years 2015–2016 in a sandy loam Ramann-type brown forest soil (Eutric Cambisol according to WRB). Organic amendments had a significant effect on AS, MBC and SOC, increased their values compared to the unamended control. The organic amendments showed different effects on AS and MBC. AS was increased the most by straw incorporation and MBC by manure application. The magnitude of temporal variability of AS and MBC differed. Presumably, the different effects of organic amendments and the different degrees of temporal variability explain why there was only a weak (0.173) correlation between AS and MBC. AS did not correlate with SOC or grain yield. MBC correlated (0.339) with SOC but not with the grain yield. The N fertilizer dose did not have a significant effect on AS and MBC, but had a significant effect on SOC and grain yield.

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