Changes in the Male Reproductive Organs of the Dugong, Dugong dugon (Sirenia: Dugondidae) with Age and Reproductive Activity

1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 721 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Marsh ◽  
GE Heinsohn ◽  
TD Glover
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Growth Layer ◽  
Male Reproductive Tract ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Quantitative Examination ◽  
Testicular Histology

The anatomy and histology of the male reproductive tract of the dugong (Dugong dugon) is described. Each testis and its adjacent epididymis lie immediately caudal to the corresponding kidney. The seminal vesicles are large but there is no discrete prostate gland and the bulbo-urethral glands are also diffuse. Both qualitative and quantitative examination of the testes and epididymides of 59 males whose ages have been estimated from tusk dentinal growth layer counts indicate that the male dugong does not produce spermatozoa continuously, despite the absence of a distinct breeding season. Individual dugongs were observed with testes at all stages between complete quiescence and full spermatogenesis, and only 10 of the 40 mature males had fully spermatogenic testes and epididymides packed with spermatozoa. Androgenic and spermatogenic activity of the testes appeared to be in phase, but the testicular histology of some old males suggested that they may have been sterile for long periods.

scholarly journals The Concept of Male Reproductive Anatomy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oyovwi Mega Obukohwo ◽  
Nwangwa Eze Kingsley ◽  
Rotu Arientare Rume ◽  
Emojevwe Victor
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive System ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Ejaculatory Duct ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Male Reproductive System ◽  
Male Gametes ◽  
Human Reproductive ◽  
Reproductive Anatomy

The human reproductive system is made up of the primary and secondary organs, which helps to enhances reproduction. The male reproductive system is designed to produce male gametes and convey them to the female reproductive tract through the use of supportive fluids and testosterone synthesis. The paired testis (site of testosterone and sperm generation), scrotum (compartment for testis localisation), epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, bulbourethral gland, ejaculatory duct, urethra, and penis are the parts of the male reproductive system. The auxiliary organs aid in the maturation and transportation of sperm. Semen is made up of sperm and the secretions of the seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral glands (the ejaculate). Ejaculate is delivered to the female reproduc¬tive tract by the penis and urethra. The anatomy, embryology and functions of the male reproductive system are discussed in this chapter.

Expression of the secretory form of recombinant regucalcin ofBubalus bubalis in methylotropic yeast

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Bhure ◽  
P. Harikrishna ◽  
J. Usharani ◽  
A. M. Shende ◽  
S. Harikumar
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Amino Acid Level ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Male Reproduction ◽  
Male Reproductive Tract ◽  
Multifunctional Protein ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Biosynthesis

Regucalcin is a multifunctional protein having an important role in calcium homeostasis, L-ascorbic acid biosynthesis, anti-prolific, anti-apoptotic functions as well as detoxification of chemical warfare nerve agents. Recently, it has been localized to male reproductive tract of rat and human, and identified as an androgen-target gene. The literature suggests a possible role of regucalcin in male fertility. However, no detailed studies have been conducted on its role in male reproductive organs of domestic animals. As an initial step, we had cloned and expressed regucalcin in Pichia pastoris. The sequence analysis showed 100% homology with regucalcin of Bos tours both at nucleotide and amino acid level. The SDS-PAGE and Western blot studies of recombinant protein probed with anti-regucalcin monoclonal antibody showed a higher molecular weight (56 kDa) than the expected (35.5 kDa) that could be due to hyperglycosylation. The recombinant regucalcin and its antibodies can be used to study the detailed role of the protein in male reproduction.

scholarly journals Expression of the rhesus glycoproteins, ammonia transporter family members, RHCG and RHBG in male reproductive organs

Reproduction ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 146 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun-Wook Lee ◽  
Jill W Verlander ◽  
Mary E Handlogten ◽  
Ki-Hwan Han ◽  
Paul S Cooke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Fertility ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Immunoblot Analysis ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Male Reproductive Tract ◽  
Clear Cells ◽  
Principal Cells ◽  
Cellular Expression ◽  
Transporter Family

The rhesus glycoproteins, Rh B glycoprotein (RHBG) and Rh C glycoprotein (RHCG), are recently identified ammonia transporters. Rhcg expression is necessary for normal male fertility, but its specific cellular expression is unknown, and Rhbg has not been reported to be expressed in the male reproductive tract. This study sought to determine the specific cellular expression of Rhcg, to determine whether Rhbg is expressed in the male reproductive tract, and, if so, to determine which cells express Rhbg using real-time RT-PCR, immunoblot analysis, and immunohistochemistry. Both Rhbg and Rhcg were expressed throughout the male reproductive tract. In the testis, high levels of Rhbg were expressed in Leydig cells, and Rhcg was expressed in spermatids during the later stages of their maturation (steps 13–16) in stages I–VIII of the seminiferous epithelium cycle. In the epididymis, basolateral Rhbg was present in narrow cells in the initial segment, in principal cells in the upper corpus, and in clear cells throughout the epididymis. Apical Rhcg immunolabel was present in principal cells in the caput and upper corpus epididymidis and in clear cells in the middle and lower corpus and cauda epididymidis. In the vas deferens, apical Rhcg immunolabel and basolateral Rhbg immunolabel were present in some principal cells and colocalized with H+-ATPase immunolabel. We conclude that both Rhbg and Rhcg are highly expressed in specific cells in the male reproductive tract where they can contribute to multiple components of male fertility.

X-Ray Diffraction Study on Human Male Reproductive Tract and Semen

2009 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.P. Skandhan ◽  
S. Amith ◽  
K.P.S. Avni
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Vesicle ◽  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Male Reproductive Tract ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Human Male ◽  
Barium Silicate ◽  
Copper Gold

In the present study authors had separated testis, epididymis-caput, corpus, cauda, vas deferens, seminal vesicle, prostate gland and bulbourethral gland from human male reproductive tract, made it to ash form. Semen also underwent same procedure. All samples had undergone X-ray diffraction analysis. Results Results showed there where two distinct rings for each sample. We named it is “A” &” B”. Under “A” Barium silicate, Barium silicate hydrate and three metal complexes of copper, gold and zinc were seen. Under “B” Calcium silicate and calcium silicate hydrate were observed. Both “A” and “B” were seen throughout the length (expect for “A” is seminal vesicle) and in semen. Conclusions A tri metal complex of copper, gold and zinc is reported in this study, is first of its kind in Biology.

Morphometry of the testis follicles in Triatoma rubrofasciata (De Geer, 1773) (Hemiptera, Triatominae)

2007 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 393-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Cristina Monte Gonçalves ◽  
Simone Patrícia Carneiro Freitas ◽  
Jacenir Reis Dos Santos-Mallet ◽  
José Eduardo Serrão ◽  
Elias Seixas Lorosa
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Ejaculatory Duct ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Male Reproductive Tract ◽  
Accessory Glands ◽  
Morphometrical Analysis ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Triatoma Rubrofasciata

AbstractThe male reproductive tract in Triatominae has a pair of testes, two vasa deferentia, a pair of seminal vesicles, four pairs of accessory glands, and an ejaculatory duct, which opens in the aedeagus. In species of the genus Triatoma each testis is formed by seven testicular follicles. Because Triatoma rubrofasciata has a common ancestor with species of Triatoma occurring in North America and because the length of testis follicles varies among different species of Triatoma a morphometrical analysis of the follicles was conducted. Triatoma rubrofasciata has seven testis follicles of variable length that are similar between left and right testes. The statistics allowed the classification in a long follicle, two medium follicles, two that are short, and two that are very short. This finding is compared with data available for other Triatominae and it is emphasized that the length of follicles testis should be included in future phylogenetic analysis of Triatominae.

Ultrastructure of the male reproductive system in a rumen amphistome Cotylophoron cotylophorum

1994 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-258
Author(s):  
P.N. Sharma ◽  
G. Swarnakar ◽  
R.E.B. Hanna
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Vas Deferens ◽  
Longitudinal Muscle ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Ejaculatory Duct ◽  
Ultrastructural Organization ◽  
Male Reproductive Tract ◽  
Duct Epithelium ◽  
Internal Lining ◽  
Entire Male

AbstractThe ultrastructure of various regions of the male reproductive tract and the prostate gland of Cotylophoron cotylophorum (Trematoda: Digenea) is described. The internal lining of the entire male duct system is syncytial in nature, and regional variation is quite evident. The syncytial epithelium of the vas deferens and seminal vesicle is very thin, flat and lamellate and the lumen is packed with spermatozoa. In the pars musculosa (PM) the syncytium is also flat but lamellae are sparsely distributed and anastomosed at places to form loops. The syncytium of the PM is invested by several layers of circular and longitudinal muscle. The pars prostatica (PP) is lined by an uneven but moderately thick syncytial epithelium with nuclei projecting into the lumen. The syncytium bears numerous very long lamellae. The ejaculatory duct epithelium is devoid of lamellae. It is even and moderately thick throughout. The prostate gland cells are uneven in outline and bear long ducts which open into the lumen of the PP. They show an ultrastructural organization suggestive of protein secretion.

scholarly journals The reproductive processes of certain mammals. III.—The reproductive cycle of the male ferret

1932 ◽  
Vol 110 (767) ◽  
pp. 295-312 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Interstitial Tissue ◽  
Quiescent Period ◽  
Cyclic Changes ◽  
Reproductive Processes ◽  
Periodic Changes

Cyclic changes in the reproductive organs of male mammals have been studied in a few forms only, but the information available reveals interesting differences in the duration of reproductive activity, and in the correlation between the various organs. Marshall (1911) has described the reproductive cycle in the male hedgehog. Regaud (1904), Tandler and Grosz (1911) and Lecaillon (1909) have studied the mole, but with conflicting results. Rasmussen (1917 and 1918) gives detailed information of the periodic changes in the interstitial tissue of the testis in the woodchuck, and more recently Courrier (1923) has investigated the reproductive cycle in various bats, in the mole, hedgehog, and marmot. The work of Marshall (1904), Robinson (1918) and Hammond and Marshall (1930) has established that in the female ferret the breeding season is restricted and lasts from April to August ; during the remaining months of the year the reproductive organs are in a state of quiescent anœstrus. The first mating occurs in March or April. The present investigation was undertaken in order to determine the duration of the quiescent period in the male ferret and to compare the changes in the testis tubules with those in the interstitial tissue and accessory organs. The condition of the reproductive tract has accordingly been studied at various times of the year, and an attempt has been made to assess the changes in the organs and in their constituent parts.

scholarly journals Androgens and the male reproductive tract: an overview of classical roles and current perspectives

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 934-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilia T. C. C. Patrão ◽  
Erick J. R. Silva ◽  
Maria Christina W. Avellar
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Male Hypogonadism ◽  
Male Reproductive Tract ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Physiological Relevance ◽  
Modulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Prostate Diseases

Androgens are steroid hormones that play key roles in the development and maintenance of male phenotype and reproductive function. These hormones also affect the function of several non-reproductive organs, such as bone and skeletal muscle. Endogenous androgens exert most of their effects by genomic mechanisms, which involve hormone binding to the androgen receptor (AR), a ligand-activated transcription factor, resulting in the modulation of gene expression. AR-induced non-genomic mechanisms have also been reported. A large number of steroidal and non-steroidal AR-ligands have been developed for therapeutic use, including the treatment of male hypogonadism (AR agonists) and prostate diseases (AR antagonists), among other pathological conditions. Here, the AR gene and protein structure, mechanism of action and AR gene homologous regulation were reviewed. The AR expression pattern, its in vivo regulation and physiological relevance in the developing and adult testis and epididymis, which are sites of sperm production and maturation, respectively, were also presented.

The pattern of reproduction in the Libyan jird (Meriones libycus; Rodentia: Muridae) from central Saudi Arabia in the absence of rainfall

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 210-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.W. Hart ◽  
A.A. Alghamdi ◽  
N.C. Bennett ◽  
O.B. Mohammed ◽  
N.M. Amor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Reproductive Pattern ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Tubule Diameter

The reproductive pattern of the Libyan jird (Meriones libycus Lichtenstein, 1823) from central Saudi Arabia was investigated in the absence of rainfall. In this study, body mass, morphometry of the reproductive tract, the histology of the reproductive organs, and the hormone concentrations of males and females were studied over 12 consecutive months in a wild population of the Libyan jird from central Saudi Arabia. Previous studies have found the breeding season of the Libyan jird from the Sahara desert of Algeria to occur during the wet months of spring. In the absence of rainfall, temperature and photoperiod were found to be important activators of reproductive activity. The cooler temperatures and shorter days of winter triggered the onset of ovulation in females and increased testes size and seminiferous tubule diameter in males. Only two pregnancies were found during the sampling period, which occurred during the cooler winter and early spring and coincided with a rise in plasma progesterone concentration in females. The Libyan jird was found to shift its breeding to the cooler months of winter in the absence of rainfall. This study strengthens the findings that changes in rainfall and temperature in dry deserts are critical cues for the onset of reproduction in small mammals.

scholarly journals Structural Changes in the Male Reproductive Tract of the Stingless Bee Scaptotrigona xanthotricha Moure 1950 (Meliponini, Apidae) During Sexual Maturation

Sociobiology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 526
Author(s):  
Vinícius Albano Araujo ◽  
José Eduardo Serrão ◽  
Yasmine Antonini ◽  
Lucimar Gomes Dias ◽  
José Lino Neto
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Sexual Maturation ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Ejaculatory Duct ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Stingless Bee ◽  
Basal Region ◽  
Male Reproductive Tract ◽  
Old Adults

Stingless bees are social insects widely distributed in the Neotropical region but the loss of habitats and the increased use of pesticides in agriculture have threatened the bee populations. Thus, the knowledge of the biology of these insects, including reproductive biology is important for their conservation and management. This study describes the morphological changes in the male reproductive tract during the sexual maturation in the stingless bee Scaptotrigona xanthotricha (Moure 1950). The reproductive tract was investigated under light microscopy from young pupae to 22 days old adults. The male reproductive organs in S. xanthotricha are a pair of testes, each with four follicles, pair of vasa deferentia with enlarged region forming the seminal vesicle that open in an ejaculatory duct. In the male reproductive system of these bees there is no structure that can be recognized as accessory glands as seen in insects in general. From brown-eyed pupae to newly-emerged adults, the epithelia of the seminal vesicles and post-vesicular vasa deferentia have prismatic cells that release secretion to the organs lumen. In 5-days old adults the testes undergo degeneration, the seminal vesicles filled with secretion and spermatozoa, and the epithelium has cubic cells rich in inclusions in the basal region suggesting that this is the age in which males reach the sexual maturation. Structural modifications in the reproductive tract during sexual maturation are discussed concerning the reproductive biology of Meliponini.

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