scholarly journals Geographies of insecure water access and the housing–water nexus in US cities

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (46) ◽  
pp. 28700-28707
Author(s):  
Katie Meehan ◽  
Jason R. Jurjevich ◽  
Nicholas M. J. W. Chun ◽  
Justin Sherrill
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
The United States ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
Water Access ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Race And Class ◽  
Piped Water ◽  
Housing Issue ◽  
Water Provision

Safe, reliable, and equitable water access is critical to human health and livelihoods. In the United States, an estimated 471,000 households or 1.1 million individuals lack a piped water connection and 73% of households are located in cities, close to networked supply. In this study, we undertake a nationwide analysis of urban water access in the United States, with the aim of explaining the drivers of infrastructural inequality in the 50 largest metropolitan areas. Drawing on statistical analysis and regression modeling of census microdata at the household scale, our analysis reveals spatial and sociodemographic patterns of racialized, class-based, and housing disparities that characterize plumbing poverty. Among unplumbed households, we show that households headed by people of color are almost 35% more likely to lack piped water as compared to white, non-Hispanic households. Precarious housing conditions are an equally strong predictor: Renter-occupied households in the 50 largest US metros were 1.61 times more likely than owner-occupied households to lack piped water. We argue that insecure domestic water access in the United States should be understood as a housing issue that reflects structural inequalities of race and class, particularly in cities with widening wealth gaps. The article concludes with a call for research and action at the intersection of water provision, housing, and social inequality—a paradigm we call the housing–water nexus.

Forced Integration

2019 ◽  
pp. 93-132
Author(s):  
Keeanga-Yamahtta Taylor
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Urban Housing ◽  
Racial Integration ◽  
Housing Crisis ◽  
Housing Policies ◽  
Race And Class ◽  
Richard Nixon ◽  
White Middle Class ◽  
Housing Issue

Because race and poverty often overlapped in the United States, discussions about housing policies often became discussions about race and class. In an effort to maintain a White, middle class base, Richard Nixon often attempted to make the urban housing issue a problem of class and not race which subverted the racial integration agenda of the George Romney-led HUD. The implementation of color-blind discourse prevented the creation of policies that addressed the racial component of the urban housing crisis. As Romney pushed for integration in the suburbs, White suburbans and conservatives in government (most importantly Richard Nixon) decried what they considered to be forced integration.

scholarly journals The History of Adversity and Collective Strength of Individuals of Mexican Ancestry in the United States: A Scoping Literature Review and Emerging Conceptual Framework

Genealogy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Araceli Orozco-Figueroa
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Historical Trauma ◽  
The United States ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
Trauma Narratives ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Scoping Literature Review ◽  
History Of ◽  
Baseline Knowledge

Recently, Black, Indigenous, and other People of Color (BIPOC) have encountered an escalation in adverse social conditions and trauma events in the United States. For individuals of Mexican ancestry in the United States (IMA-US), these recent events represent the latest chapter in their history of adversity: a history that can help us understand their social and health disparities. This paper utilized a scoping review to provide a historical and interdisciplinary perspective on discussions of mental health and substance use disorders relevant to IMA-US. The scoping review process yielded 16 peer reviewed sources from various disciplines, published from 1998 through 2018. Major themes included historically traumatic events, inter-generational responses to historical trauma, and vehicles of transmission of trauma narratives. Recommendations for healing from historical and contemporary oppression are discussed. This review expands the clinical baseline knowledge relevant to the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of contemporary traumatic exposures for IMA-US.

scholarly journals PM2.5 polluters disproportionately and systemically affect people of color in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (18) ◽  
pp. eabf4491
Author(s):  
Christopher W. Tessum ◽  
David A. Paolella ◽  
Sarah E. Chambliss ◽  
Joshua S. Apte ◽  
Jason D. Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
The United States ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
Emission Sources ◽  
Particulate Air Pollution ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Exposure Levels ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Racial-ethnic minorities in the United States are exposed to disproportionately high levels of ambient fine particulate air pollution (PM2.5), the largest environmental cause of human mortality. However, it is unknown which emission sources drive this disparity and whether differences exist by emission sector, geography, or demographics. Quantifying the PM2.5 exposure caused by each emitter type, we show that nearly all major emission categories—consistently across states, urban and rural areas, income levels, and exposure levels—contribute to the systemic PM2.5 exposure disparity experienced by people of color. We identify the most inequitable emission source types by state and city, thereby highlighting potential opportunities for addressing this persistent environmental inequity.

Asco, Chris Burden, and the Politics of the Misfire

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faye Gleisser
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Visual Culture ◽  
Conceptual Art ◽  
The United States ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
Access To Resources ◽  
Systemic Racism ◽  
White Masculinity ◽  
Visual Narratives

This article draws out the ‘politics of the misfire’ as a process constituted in part by discursive articulations of the ‘misuse’ of guns, and in part by mediated visual narratives of criminality cultivated in American visual culture. Specifically, the author examines how the decades-long historiography of artist Chris Burden’s iconic artwork, Shoot (1971), relies upon and perpetuates spatially racialized and gendered notions of innocence and safety. She argues that the conceptual art collective Asco’s theorizing of misfires in response to their vulnerability as Chicanos in America provides a vital framework for recognizing how the neutralized archetype of white masculinity, simultaneously innocent and lawless, animates and sustains the legacy of Shoot. Through consideration of geographies of cumulative vulnerability, access to resources, and systemic racism this article links processes of art historical canonization to discriminatory practices that structurally oppress people of color in the United States.

Equal Rights, Privilege, and the Pursuit of Inequality

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard D. Brown
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Order ◽  
First Century ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Individual Property ◽  
Nineteenth Century America

While cherishing ideas of equal rights and equality, Americans have simultaneously sought inequality. The Revolution of 1776 committed Americans to the idea of equal rights, but just as fundamentally it dedicated the United States to the protection and increase of individual property and the power to direct it to heirs. Although equal rights and individual property rights have proved compatible with religious and ethnic equality, social and economic inequality, both meritocratic and inherited, have been integral to the American social and political order. Moreover, based on the emerging biologies of race and sex, the idea of equal rights for people of color and for women faced new barriers in nineteenth-century America and beyond into the twenty-first century.

Shifting Grounds in Japanese American Studies

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuko Takezawa
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
American History ◽  
American Studies ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
The United States ◽  
Japanese American ◽  
Production Of Knowledge ◽  
Race And Class ◽  
Matter Production

By taking the examples of translations associated with “race” and “class” used in early Japanese American history, this chapter calls attention to the changes of the meaning and associated epistemological transformations through the translation of these terms from Japanese to English. It also provides the historical context in which Japanese American studies developed in Japan and discusses the strength and weakness of the field in Japan and in the United States with focus given to such issues as subject matter, production of knowledge, and socio-political context.

Impact of General Social Media Experience on Usefulness for Business in the Workplace

2014 ◽  
pp. 14-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald L. Amoroso ◽  
Tsuneki Mukahi ◽  
Mikako Ogawa
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Collective Knowledge ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Media Experience ◽  
Behavioral Intention To Use ◽  
Media Applications

This chapter looks at the adoption of general social media applications on usefulness for business, comparing the factors that influence adoption at work between Japan and the United States. In Japan, ease of use and usefulness for collective knowledge in general social media are predictors of usefulness for business social media, and in the United States, only usefulness for collective knowledge is a strong predictor of usefulness for business. The authors did not find behavioral intention to use social media in the workplace to be an important factor in predicting the usefulness of social media for business. The value of this research is its ability to understand the use of social media in the workplace to include how the experience of social media impacts on the expectation of usefulness for business and how the impact of ease of use differs from Japanese to the United States because of cultural, technological, and market reasons.

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