Institutions, stakeholders and the management of crop biodiversity on Hungarian family farms.

Seeking remnants of verbal traditions they thought were being lost to industrialization and urbanization, the earliest folklore scholars took to the countryside. Analyzing folk culture in a fuller context, a generation of folklife scholars in the twentieth century set out to identify patterns in the rural landscape in materials, such as traditional artifacts and folk belief, that would illuminate the old traditional way of life and expand the purview of American history. A vital subject requiring more study and that connects to all other aspects of rural culture is traditional farming practices in the agricultural year. With regard to social history, folklife scholars have a critical role in the debate concerning the effect of commercialism on preindustrial farming that have implications for the valuation of family farms, rural communities, and sustainability into the twenty-first century. Among the topics in the rural setting that call for further folklife research are narratives of loss, the creation of local economies, and sense of place.

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Environmental assessment of the Tung cultivation through life cycle analysis

International Journal of Engineering & Technology ◽

10.14419/ijet.v3i1.1597 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 70 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marcelo Bern�l ◽

Rosana Schneider ◽

�nio Machado

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Production Systems ◽

Life Cycle Management ◽

Assessment Method ◽

Agroforestry Systems ◽

Family Farms ◽

Conventional Agriculture ◽

The Past ◽

Ecosystem Changes ◽

Poor Soil

Over the past few decades, conventional agriculture has been facing serious crises caused by numerous factors, including poor soil management and the excessive application of pesticides. Thus, alternative production systems have been developed, including agroforestry systems, especially those that produce both energy and food. The objective of this study was to environmentally evaluate the culture of Aleurites fordii Hemls. (Tung) using the Life Cycle Assessment method with the SimaPro 7.3.2 software. The results revealed that in family farms that use less mechanization to harvest crops, the primary category of environmental impact was land use, which included the removal of animal and vegetable species and ecosystem changes. The full impact of this category was 1741.21 m2yr PDF (potentially disappeared fraction). Subsequently, prognostics were established for the reduction of such impacts, and we conclude that Tung has a high potential for agricultural installation with high responsibility to the environment. Keywords: Environmental factors, Aleurites fordii Hemls, Life Cycle Management, Tung.

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The Socio-Economics Factors in Family Farms with Different Economic Sustainability Levels from Central and Eastern Europe

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13158262 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (15) ◽

pp. 8262

Author(s):

Katarzyna Smędzik-Ambroży ◽

Marta Guth ◽

Adam Majchrzak ◽

Andreea Cipriana Muntean ◽

Silvia Stefania Maican

Keyword(s):

Eastern Europe ◽

Central And Eastern Europe ◽

Agricultural Sector ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Policy Instruments ◽

Small Scale ◽

Economic Sustainability ◽

Family Farms ◽

Small Family ◽

Generational Changes

Economic sustainability plays an important role in shaping conditions for economic growth and social development. The importance of answering the question about the level of sustainability of family farms results from the fact that the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, apart from exceptions (e.g. the Czech Republic and Slovakia), are characterized by a fragmented agrarian structure. Hence, the main goal of this article was to answer two questions: 1) whether the countries of Central and Eastern Europe differ in the level of economic sustainability of small family farms; and 2) whether the same socioeconomic factors impact similarly on the level of economic sustainability of small family farms from countries of Central and Eastern Europe. The study was based on surveys conducted in small family farms: in 2018 from Poland (672 farms) and in 2019 in four other countries (Lithuania; 999 farms, Romania; 834 farms, Serbia; 523 farms, Moldova; 530 farms). The publication includes a critical analysis of the literature, structure analysis and correlation analysis. The results show the occurrence of large differences between the economic sustainability of small family farms from the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. The research indicates that the larger the area of a small-scale family farm, the greater its economic sustainability. The productivity of these farms increases with their economic sustainability. The results also prove a negative relationship between the age of the farmer and the economic sustainability of their farm in all analysed countries. These trends were found in all analysed countries of Central and Eastern Europe. The results of the analyses support the conclusion that agricultural policy instruments aimed at increasing the economic sustainability of small family farms should lead to: land consolidation, a decrease in the age of farm owners through generational changes, and a decrease in employment in agriculture, which would lead to a reduction in labour input in the agricultural sector.

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