scholarly journals The effect of interscapular brown adipose tissue removal on body-weight and cold response in the mouse

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 653-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Connolly ◽  
R. D. Morrisey ◽  
J. A. Carnie
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cold Response ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fat Extraction ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Weight Protein ◽  
And Control

1. The removal of the interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) led to an increase in body-weight of normal, lean mice as compared to anaesthetized controls.2. No significant difference in food consumption could be detected between the two groups of mice over the period of the experiment.3. Fat extraction of the whole carcasses with chloroform: methanol showed a statistically significant increase in fat content in the animals without IBAT.4. There was no apparent failure in the operated animals to sustain core temperature when exposed to a cold stress situation (4° for 24 h).5. There was no difference in the wet weight, protein content or cytochrorne oxidase content of the dorso-cervical brown adipose tissue (DCBAT) between operated and control mice. This is indicative of a lack of proliferation of other brown adipose tissue sites in the operated mice in response to the removal of the IBAT.6. It is suggested that brown adipose tissue is implicated in dietary themiogenesis in the mouse.

scholarly journals Cold exposure regulates the norepinephrine uptake transporter in rat brown adipose tissue

1999 ◽  
Vol 276 (1) ◽  
pp. R143-R151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria L. King ◽  
Linda P. Dwoskin ◽  
Lisa A. Cassis
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Neuronal Uptake ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
And Control

The neuronal uptake of norepinephrine (NE) in sympathetically innervated tissues is mediated by a high-affinity NE uptake transporter (NET). Rat interscapular brown adipose tissue (ISBAT) is densely innervated by the sympathetic nervous system for the control of cold- and diet-induced thermogenesis. To determine if cold exposure regulates the NET, kinetic parameters for [3H]NE uptake and [3H]nisoxetine (Nis) binding were determined in ISBAT from 7-day cold-exposed (CE) and control rats. Uptake of [3H]NE in ISBAT slices was of high affinity (1.6 μM). After 7 days of cold exposure the affinity for [3H]NE uptake was not altered; however, the uptake capacity was decreased (38%) in ISBAT slices from CE rats. Kinetic parameters for [3H]Nis binding demonstrated a single high-affinity site in ISBAT from CE and control rats with similar affinity. The density of [3H]Nis sites in ISBAT was decreased (38%) following cold exposure. A time course (2 h-7 days) for cold exposure demonstrated downregulation of [3H]Nis binding density by day 3, which remained through day 7. The affinity for [3H]Nis binding was transiently decreased at 2 h of cold exposure. Similarly, ISBAT NE content was decreased at 2 h of cold exposure. Pair feeding CE rats to food intake of controls normalized plasma NE content; however, [3H]Nis binding density in ISBAT remained decreased in pair-fed rats. These results demonstrate that the ISBAT NET is downregulated following cold exposure. Reductions in ISBAT NE content precede alterations in NET density; however, plasma NE content is not related to regulation of the NET.

Responses to cafeteria feeding in mice after the removal of interscapular brown adipose tissue

1982 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 877-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Connolly ◽  
J. A. Carnie
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Oxidase Activity ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Wet Weight

Feeding acafeteria diet to mice resulted in an increased energy intake of approximately 30% and this led to increases in the wet weight, total protein content, and total cytochrome oxidase activity of interscapular and dorso-cervical brown adipose tissue. Surgical removal of interscapular brown adipose tissue, followed by cafeteria feeding, gave rise to an elevation in dorso-cervical brown adipose tissue wet weight, total protein content, and total cytochrome oxidase activity, compared to intact cafeteria-fed mice. Cafeteria feeding with or without the removal of interscapular brown adipose tissue did not lead to significant increases in body weight compared to stock-fed control mice, but both cafeteria-fed groups of mice showed significant elevations in body fat content indicating that the induced hyperphagia led to a relative obesity in the cafeteria-fed groups. The results presented are consistent with an increased thermogenic activity in the brown adipose tissue of cafeteria-fed mice, and the effect of the removal of interscapular brown adipose tissue further indicates the quantitative importance of the tissue in the control of body weight.

Angiotensin II in brown adipose tissue from young and adult Zucker obese and lean rats

1994 ◽  
Vol 266 (3) ◽  
pp. E453-E458 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Cassis
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Sympathetic Neurotransmission ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
And Control

Previous studies demonstrated that interscapular brown adipose tissue (ISBAT) produces angiotensin II (ANG II), which facilitates sympathetic neurotransmission (SN). ANG II content and regulation of SN were examined in young (17 days) and adult (16 wk) Zucker obese and lean rats. ANG II content in ISBAT from preobese rats was decreased compared with lean littermates. Evoked 3H overflow in ISBAT slices preloaded with [3H]NE was greater in preobese rats compared with control. ANG II increased evoked 3H overflow in ISBAT slices to a greater extent in preobese rats compared with control. [3H]NE uptake in ISBAT slices from preobese rats was decreased compared with control. In adult obese rats, plasma renin activity was decreased compared with control. ISBAT ANG II content was increased in adult obese rats compared with control. Evoked 3H overflow in ISBAT slices preloaded with [3H]NE was not different between obese and control. ANG II did not increase evoked 3H overflow in obese rats; however, ANG II increased evoked 3H overflow in lean rats. [3H]NE uptake in ISBAT slices from obese rats was decreased compared with control. These results suggest that ANG II modulation of SN activity is decreased in ISBAT from adult obese rats. In contrast, in young obese rats, increased SN activity and ANG II regulation of SN were evident in brown adipose tissue.

Evidence for the Mediatory Role of Brown Adipose Tissue During Nonshivering Thermogenesis in the Cold-Acclimated Mouse

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Hayward ◽  
P. F. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
The Body ◽  
Brown Fat ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Adult Mice ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Rate Of Oxygen Consumption

The increased rate of oxygen consumption by cold-acclimated, adult mice after subcutaneous injection of noradrenaline has been measured for intact individuals and for those with the arterial supply to their interscapular brown adipose tissue ligated. An immediate reduction of 40% of this calorigenic response was noted in mice thus operated. Dissection of the total brown fat of the body indicated that the interscapular deposits comprise 43% by weight of the total brown adipose tissue, which in turn forms only 1% of the body weight. Since a 40% reduction in calorigenic response to noradrenaline cannot be ascribed to the loss of an amount of brown fat constituting less than 0.5%) of the body weight, the results support the hypothesis that brown fat can mediate calorigenic responses of other tissues.

scholarly journals Excess of Nerve Growth Factor in the Ovary Causes a Polycystic Ovary-Like Syndrome in Mice, which Closely Resembles Both Reproductive and Metabolic Aspects of the Human Syndrome

Endocrinology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 155 (11) ◽  
pp. 4494-4506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny L. Wilson ◽  
Weiyi Chen ◽  
Gregory A. Dissen ◽  
Sergio R. Ojeda ◽  
Michael A. Cowley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Nerve Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Nerve Growth ◽  
Sympathetic Hyperactivity ◽  
Metabolic Alterations ◽  
Brown Adipose

Abstract Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), the most common female endocrine disorder of unknown etiology, is characterized by reproductive abnormalities and associated metabolic conditions comprising insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia. We previously reported that transgenic overexpression of nerve growth factor (NGF), a marker of sympathetic hyperactivity, directed to the ovary by the mouse 17α-hydroxylase/C17–20 lyase promoter (17NF mice), results in ovarian abnormalities similar to those seen in PCOS women. To investigate whether ovarian overproduction of NGF also induces common metabolic alterations of PCOS, we assessed glucose homeostasis by glucose tolerance test, plasma insulin levels, and body composition by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scan in young female 17NF mice and wild-type mice. 17NF mice exhibited increased body weight and alterations in body fat distribution with a greater accumulation of visceral fat compared with sc fat (P < .01). 17NF mice also displayed glucose intolerance (P < .01), decreased insulin-mediated glucose disposal (P < .01), and hyperinsulinemia (P < .05), which, similar to PCOS patients, occurred independently of body weight. Additionally, 17NF mice exhibited increased sympathetic outflow observed as increased interscapular brown adipose tissue temperature. This change was evident during the dark period (7 pm to 7 am) and occurred concomitant with increased interscapular brown adipose tissue uncoupling protein 1 expression. These findings suggest that overexpression of NGF in the ovary may suffice to cause both reproductive and metabolic alterations characteristic of PCOS and support the hypothesis that sympathetic hyperactivity may contribute to the development and/or progression of PCOS.

scholarly journals Investigation of thermal changes in the thyroid gland region of individuals with hypothyroidism and fibromyalgia by analyzing the temperature of brown adipose tissue

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Christakis Costa ◽  
Joaquim Miguel Maia ◽  
Marcos Leal Brioschi ◽  
José Eduardo de Melo Mafra Machado
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Electronic Medical Records ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Infrared Camera ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Thermal Changes ◽  
And Control

AbstractThis exploratory retrospective study aims to investigate the thermal changes in the thyroid gland region of patients with hypothyroidism and fibromyalgia by analyzing the temperature of the brown adipose tissue (BAT). A total of 166 individuals from 1000 thermographic electronic medical records were classified into four groups: Group HP + FM-50 individuals with hypothyroidism and fibromyalgia; Group FM-56 individuals with fibromyalgia only; Group HP-30 individuals with hypothyroidism only, and Group Control-30 healthy individuals. The thermal images from the electronic medical records were acquired by a FLIR T650SC infrared camera (used for thermometry) and the temperature data for each group were statistically analyzed. Group HP + FM showed r = 0, meaning that the average temperatures of the thyroid and BAT are independent of each other. Groups FM, HP and Control showed r = 1, meaning that the average temperatures of the thyroid and BAT were directly related. Our findings showed that the average temperatures of the thyroid and BAT regions are similar. Also, there was no correlation between thyroid gland temperature and the presence of hypothyroidism or fibromyalgia using thermometry.

scholarly journals Glucose transporter expression and glucose utilization in skeletal muscle and brown adipose tissue during starvation and re-feeding

1992 ◽  
Vol 282 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
D M Smith ◽  
S R Bloom ◽  
M C Sugden ◽  
M J Holness
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Tibialis Anterior ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Glut 4 ◽  
Mrna Concentration ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Transporter Expression

Starvation (48 h) decreased the concentration of mRNA of the insulin-responsive glucose transporter isoform (GLUT 4) in interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) (56%) and tibialis anterior (10%). Despite dramatic [7-fold (tibialis anterior) and 40-fold (IBAT)] increases in glucose utilization after 2 and 4 h of chow re-feeding, no significant changes in GLUT 4 mRNA concentration were observed in these tissues over this re-feeding period. The results exclude changes in GLUT 4 mRNA concentration in mediating the responses of glucose transport in these tissues to acute re-feeding after prolonged starvation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document