scholarly journals Seasonal weight loss and metabolic adaptation in rural Beninese women: the relationship with body mass index

1993 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 689-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Werner Schultink ◽  
Joop M. A. Van Raaij ◽  
Joseph G. A. J. Hautvast
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Metabolic Adaptation ◽  
Weight Losses

A large variation in seasonal weight loss between individuals exists in rural communities in developing countries. Therefore, it was investigated whether some individuals show a metabolic adaptation and, through that, prevent large body-weight losses during the preharvest season. Basal metabolic rate (BMR), energy intake and physical activity level (PAL) of rural Beninese women were measured in three seasons. Groups of subjects were: women with a body mass index (BMI) < 18 (n 18), and a BMI > 23 (n 16), and women who had shown small (n 18) and large (n 15) preharvest weight loss. All groups of subjects decreased energy intake during the preharvest season by 0·66–1·09 MJ/d. PAL did not show significant seasonal changes in any of the four groups. Only subjects with a BMI < 18 decreased BMR during the preharvest season with 2·9 (SD 6·7) J/kg per min (P < 0·05), with a decrease of 0·8 (SD 1·4) kg (P < 0·05) in body weight. In very thin women with a BMI < 17 (n 5) BMR expressed per unit body weight decreased even more during the preharvest season (by 12 %).

scholarly journals The Trp64Arg Polymorphism of the β3-Adrenergic Receptor Gene Is Not Associated with Body Weight or Body Mass Index in Japanese: A Longitudinal Analysis

2003 ◽  
Vol 88 (12) ◽  
pp. 5914-5920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumi Matsushita ◽  
Tetsuji Yokoyama ◽  
Nobuo Yoshiike ◽  
Yasuhiro Matsumura ◽  
Chigusa Date ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
The Cross

Abstract The β3-adrenergic receptor (ADRB3) is expressed mainly in visceral adipose tissue and is thought to contribute to lipolysis and the delivery of free fatty acids to the portal vein. Although many studies have examined the relationship between the Trp64Arg mutation of ADRB3 and obesity, the results have been inconsistent. We examined the cross-sectional relationship of ADRB3 variants with indexes of obesity, and their longitudinal changes over 10 yr, in men and women, aged 40–69 yr, who were randomly selected from the Japanese rural population. The study considered both dietary energy intake and physical activity levels. Among the 746 participants, the genotype frequencies of the Trp64Trp, Trp64Arg, and Arg64Arg variants were 483, 224, and 39, respectively. The cross-sectional analysis showed no significant differences in height, weight, body mass index, blood pressure, serum total and high density lipoprotein cholesterols, and hemoglobin A1c among the genotype groups even after adjustments for gender, age, smoking, alcohol drinking, physical activity, and energy intake. No significant differences in the weight changes between the genotype groups were evident in the longitudinal analysis. We conclude that the Trp64Arg mutation of ADRB3 has little or no influence on either body weight or body mass index in the general Japanese population.

scholarly journals Body Weight Loss and BMI (Body Mass Index) Decrease of Hospitalized Elders with Senile Dementia

1998 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeaki Watanuki ◽  
Katsuya Kanda ◽  
Keiko Kimura ◽  
Hiromi Minamisawa ◽  
Yoshie Mori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Senile Dementia ◽  
Body Weight Loss

THE BENEFIT OF SHORT-TERM WEIGHT LOSS WITH ANTI-OBESITY MEDICATIONS IN REAL-WORLD CLINICAL PRACTICE

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1022-1028
Author(s):  
Kelly Shibuya ◽  
Khawla F. Ali ◽  
Xinge Ji ◽  
Alex Milinoivh ◽  
Janine Bauman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Real World ◽  
Significant Weight Loss ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Absolute Weight ◽  
Tertiary Healthcare

Objective: The effectiveness of anti-obesity medications (AOMs) outside of clinical trials is unclear. The objective of this study was to compare the short-term effectiveness of AOMs in real-world practice. Methods: This retrospective study included adults aged ≥18 years, with body mass index ≥30 kg/m2 or ≥27 kg/m2 with at least one obesity-related comorbidity who were prescribed phentermine hydrochloride, phenterminetopiramate, bupropion-naltrexone, or lorcaserin for 12 consecutive weeks between 2006 and 2016 at a large tertiary healthcare system. Propensity score–matched cohorts were created for each pair of AOMs. The primary outcomes were percent and absolute weight loss from baseline after 12 weeks. A prediction model was constructed to estimate weight loss with different AOMs based on demographic and clinical data. Results: Of the 3,411 patients included in this study, patients lost an average of 3.45% of body weight from baseline. All AOMs were associated with a significant weight loss from baseline ( P<.0001). Patients lost the highest percentage of body weight on phentermine hydrochloride (3.75 ± 5.66%), followed by phentermine-topiramate (3.63 ± 5.7%), bupropion-naltrexone (2.66 ± 5.03%), and lorcaserin (1.84 ± 6.69%). In propensity-matched cohorts, patients taking phentermine hydrochloride lost more weight than those taking lorcaserin or bupropion-naltrexone, and patients taking phentermine topiramate lost more weight than patients taking lorcaserin. Conclusion: In real-world practice, AOMs are associated with clinically meaningful weight loss of 2 to 4% after 12 weeks. In this study, phentermine hydrochloride and phentermine topiramate produced the most weight loss. AOMs should be seriously considered as part of the armamentarium to treat patients with obesity. Abbreviations: AOM = anti-obesity medication; BMI = body mass index; EMR = electronic medical record; FDA = Food and Drug Administration; T2D = type 2 diabetes

PS02.154: RISK FACTORS FOR WEIGHT LOSS 1 MONTH AFTER ESOPHAGECTOMY FOR ESOPHAGEAL CANCER

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 165-165
Author(s):  
Hiromi Mohizuki ◽  
Shinji Mine ◽  
Takashi Nakahama ◽  
Masayuki Watanabe ◽  
Naoki Hiki
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
High Body

Abstract Background Post-operative body weight loss (BWL) of patients who underwent esophagectomy is common. One month after esophagectomy, some patients lose weight remarkably, and others not. If preoperative or operative risk factors influencing body weight loss are identified, it will be possible that nutritional intervention is given to the patient having these risk factors. Methods In our department, the dietician stays in a surgical ward for nutritional management of patients. Ninety-two patients who underwent esophagectomy for esophageal cancer in 2016 were reviewed. Pre-operative and operative factors were correlated with post-operative BWL. The cut-off value of BWL 1 month after esophagectomy was defined with 75 percentile. Results The median body weight change was -4.8% (-18.5% ∼11.7%). The patients were divided into two groups; 24 patients with ≥ 7.3% of BWL (severe BWL group) and 68 with < 7.3% of BWL (mild BWL group). Patients’ characteristics or post-operative morbidities were not statistically different in these 2 groups. The incidence of patients with reconstruction using a colon or jejunum was higher in severe BWL group. Pre-operative body weight, body mass index, and the value of prealbumin was higher in severe BWL group. On postoperative 14 day, the patients in severe BWL group were likely to have lower energy intake per kilogram of pre-operative body weight. On multivariate analysis, high body mass index [odds ratio = 5.90; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.03–47.8; P = 0.046], upper location of tumor [odds ratio = 3.38; 95%, CI = 1.04–11.4; P = 0.043] were independently associated with severe BWL at 1 month after surgery. Conclusion High body mass index of ≥ 25, upper location of tumor were unfavorable risk factors for weight loss 1 month after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

Weight Loss for Women: Studies of Smokers and Nonsmokers Using Hypnosis and Multicomponent Treatments with and without Overt Aversion

1997 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 931-933 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Women Studies ◽  
Women Smokers ◽  
Weight Losses ◽  
Index Study ◽  
Overweight Adult

Study 1 compared overweight adult women smokers ( n = 50) and nonsmokers ( n = 50) in an hypnosis-based, weight-loss program. Smokers and nonsmokers achieved significant weight losses and decreases in Body Mass Index. Study 2 treated 100 women either in an hypnosis only ( n = 50) or an overt aversion and hypnosis ( n = 50) program. This multicomponent follow-up study replicated significant weight losses and declines in Body Mass Index. The overt aversion and hypnosis program yielded significantly lower posttreatment weights and a greater average number of pounds lost.

scholarly journals 0032 Timing of Daily Rhythm of Cardiac Autonomic Control Contributes to Weight Loss Resistance, Independent of Daily Energy Intake and Physical Activity Level

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A13-A13
Author(s):  
H Yang ◽  
M Garaulet ◽  
P Li ◽  
C Bandin ◽  
C Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Autonomic Control ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Daily Rhythm ◽  
Cardiac Autonomic Control ◽  
Loss Resistance

Abstract Introduction Obesity is a major health problem. Many treatments have been designed to help overweight/obese people to lose weight, but their effectiveness is highly variable. The same treatments may work for some persons while others have no responses — weight loss resistance. We tested whether the daily rhythm of cardiac autonomic control contributes to weight loss resistance. Methods We studied 39 overweight/obese Caucasian women (BMI&gt;25; age: 21–62 years old) who completed (1) an obesity dietary treatment of up to 30 weeks with weekly assessments of body weight, and (2) ambulatory monitoring of electrocardiogram (ECG) for up to 3.5 days. Heartbeat intervals were derived from ECG. Cardiac autonomic control was assessed in each 1-h bin by examining the temporal correlation in heartbeat fluctuations — a nonlinear measure that quantifies the delicate dynamic interplay between sympathetic and vagal outflows. Daily rhythm was estimated using the cosinor analysis. Results Weight loss was highly variable (range: 0.68%-21.78 % of initial body weight). The correlation in heartbeat fluctuations displayed a 24-h rhythm (p&lt;0.0001) with fewer correlations (more random) during the nighttime. The phase (peak timing) of the rhythm was highly variable, i.e., 10AM to 8PM for most participants, and after midnight in four participants. Weight loss evolution depended on the phase (p=0.006) in a nonlinear manner. Specifically, participants with the phase between 2PM-8PM lost weight faster than those with phases before 2PM and those after 8PM. The effect was independent of total energy intake, physical activity level, and sleep/wake schedules. Conclusion Cardiac autonomic control in overweight/obese women displayed a daily rhythm. The timing of the rhythm had previously un-identified contributions to weight loss. The inter-individual differences in the timing may reflect different circadian regulation of autonomic function and its interaction with the daily behavioral cycle. Support This work was supported by NIH grants R01AG048108, RF1AG059867, RF1AG064312, R01AG017917, and R01NS078009.

scholarly journals The effect of lactation and other factors on post-partum changes in body-weight and triceps skinfold thickness

1989 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Dugdale ◽  
J. Eaton-evans
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Educational Achievement ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Significant Weight Loss ◽  
Initial Body Mass Index ◽  
Triceps Skinfold Thickness

1. Mothers were followed from 1 month post-partum up to 12 months post-partum to measure changes in their body-weight and triceps skinfold thickness.2. Overall there was a significant weight loss in the first few months but this levelled off by 7 months.3. The triceps skinfold increased significantly up to 5 months post-partum and then decreased.4. These changes in body-weight and skinfold were not affected by the duration of lactation, smoking or the educational achievement of the mothers, but were influenced by the initial body mass index and the desire to lose weight.

scholarly journals Effect of biliopancreatic loop length mini gastric bypass on metabolic disorders resolution and nutritional deficiency

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 434-438
Author(s):  
O.S. Tyvonchyk ◽  
V.V. Moskalenko ◽  
R.I. Vinogradov
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Nutritional Deficiency ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Mini Gastric Bypass ◽  
Excess Body Weight

Recently, the International Federation of Obesity Surgery (IFSO) has recognized gastric bypass surgery as one of the major bariatric / metabolic surgeries. However, the issue of nutritional deficiency after mini-shunting, which leads to repeated surgical interventions for deficient states, remains debatable. Efforts to balance the loss of excess body weight, compensation for concomitant metabolic disorders and nutritional insufficiency make the issue of the “ideal” length of the biopancreatic loop relevant. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to compare the bariatric and metabolic effects of mini-shunting of the stomach depending on the length of the biliary pancreatic loop. The study included 42 patients (24 women (57.1%) and 18 men (42.9%)), aged 24 to 65 years, with a body mass index (BMI) of 40 kg / m2 and above, with a mini-gastric bypass with minimally invasive access. The operation consisted of forming a long gastric reservoir along the small curvature of the stomach with the imposition of a semi-manual anastomosis with a loop of the small intestine 200–250 cm from the ligament of the Trinity. The length of the biopancreatic loop was selected according to the body mass index (200 cm — <45 kg / m2 (23 patients), 250+ cm — ˃45 kg / m2 (15 patients)) and the nature of the concomitant metabolic disorders. Anthropometric, laboratory and instrumental research methods were used. The level of HbA1c and the level of triglycerides were determined. The results were evaluated at 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after surgery. Statistical processing of data was performed using StatPlus 6 Profesional. Postoperative complications were diagnosed in 3 (7.2%) patients. An early complication of Twisted pouch, which required repeated surgery, was observed in 1 (2.4%) patient. Late complications (peptic ulcer of gastroenteroanastomosis and insufficient weight loss) were found in 2 (4.8%) patients. The average percentage of excess body weight loss in the 200 cm and 250 cm group was 70.1 ± 0.8% and 71.8 ± 0.6% (p>0.05), respectively; type 2 diabetes mellitus was diagnosed in 5 (83.3%) and 7 (87.5%) patients, respectively; dyslipidemia compensation was achieved in 3 (50%) and 5 (71.4%) patients, respectively; hypocalcaemia was detected in 1 (12.5%) and 3 (27.3%) patients, respectively; decreased levels of iron were diagnosed in 1 (12.5%) and 2 (18.2%) patients, respectively. Thus, the results obtained indicate that as the length of the loop increases, the metabolic effect increases, but the risk of electrolyte exchange disorders may increase.

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