A terapia cognitivo–comportamental é um processo de aprendizagem em que terapeuta e cliente se propõem a analisar a função dos pensamentos e comportamentos inadequados, com o intuito de promover mudanças emocionais e comportamentais duradouras. A intervenção psicoterápica em mulheres com câncer de mama na abordagem cognitivo-comportamental se destaca por ser breve, estruturada, educativa e orientada para problemas atuais de vida do usuário. O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar sentimentos existentes durante o diagnóstico e tratamento do câncer de mama. Trata-se de um relato de caso de uma paciente com diagnóstico de câncer de mama, em tratamento quimioterápico e radioterápico. Os dados foram coletados e interpretados durante o processo terapêutico, apoiado no referencial da terapia cognitivo–comportamental. Os resultados obtidos no processo terapêutico mostraram sentimentos como: medo, insegurança e a expectativa de enfrentamento do câncer de mama. Concluiu-se que uma das possibilidades de intervenção psicológica é o fortalecimento da autoestima da paciente, uma vez que, durante a terapia cognitivo–comportamental, foram propostas tarefas à paciente para desenvolver estratégias de enfrentamento após o diagnóstico e tratamento do câncer de mama. O apoio psicoterápico possibilitou o enfrentamento de situações de incertezas relacionadas ao tratamento e do medo da recidiva da doença.
THE CURRENT SCENARIO FOR WOMAN UNDER BREAST CANCER TREATMENT: CASE REPORT
ABSTRACT
Cognitive-behavioral therapy is a learning process in which the therapist and patient agree with analyzing inappropriate thoughts and behavioral functions; it aims at promoting long-term emotional and behavioral changes. The physiotherapeutic intervention by using a cognitive-behavioral approach for women with breast cancer draws attention because it is brief, framed, educational, and guided to current issues from the customer's life. The present paper aims to identify feelings that are present during the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. It is a case report from a patient diagnosed with breast cancer, under chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Data was collected and interpreted during the therapeutic process, and supported by cognitive-behavioral framework therapy. The results of the therapeutic treatment revealed feelings such as fear, uncertainty, and expectation for tackling breast cancer. It was concluded that one of the possibilities for psychological intervention is to strengthen the patient’s self-esteem, to the extent that during behavioral cognitive therapy, the patient was told to complete some tasks in order to develop confronting strategies after breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. The psychotherapeutic support enabled the patient to deal with uncertainty conditions regarding the treatment as well as the fear of the disease recurrence.
Descriptors: Breast Cancer, Cognitive-behavioral Therapy. Case Report.
A Randomized trial of a cognitive-behavioral therapy and hypnosis intervention on positive and negative affect during breast cancer radiotherapy