Sensory Irritation and Incapacitation Evoked by Thermal Decomposition Products of Polymers and Comparisons with Known Sensory Irritants

A comprehensive literature review on the thermal decomposition products and combustion toxicity of phenolics is presented. The major decomposition products of phenolics appear to be CO, CO2, H2O, and methane. Smaller quantities of H2, formaldehyde, and other volatile organics, including phenol, methylphenols, and dimethylphenols, also appear to be produced. The types and quantities of thermal decomposition products and the temperatures at which they are produced depend on numerous factors, including the resin structure and formulation and the conditions of degradation. Phenolics produced products that were indicated to be more acutely toxic than other cellular plastics tested by one researcher and were described as “more toxic than wood” by another researcher. Carbon monoxide appears to be the major toxicant produced by the combustion of phenolics. Sensory irritation as indicated by reduced respiratory rate may be due to formaldehyde production; however, sensory irritation is lower than that produced by wood.

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40. Comparison of Sensory Irritation Properties of Thermal Decomposition Products Versus Those of Known Irritants

10.3320/1.2765091 ◽

1999 ◽

Author(s):

M. Schaper ◽

K. Detwiler-Okabayashi

Keyword(s):

Thermal Decomposition ◽

Sensory Irritation ◽

Decomposition Products ◽

Thermal Decomposition Products

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267. Biological Monitoring of Thermal Decomposition Products of a 4,4-Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate (MDI) and Toluenediisocyanate (TDI)Polyurethane (PUR)

10.3320/1.2764936 ◽

1999 ◽

Author(s):

G. Skarping ◽

M. Dalene ◽

P. Lind

Keyword(s):

Thermal Decomposition ◽

Biological Monitoring ◽

Decomposition Products ◽

Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate ◽

Thermal Decomposition Products

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Theoretical study on the formation of carbon disulfide and ammonia from thermal decomposition products of thiourea

Journal of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry ◽

10.1142/s0219633614500229 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 13 (04) ◽

pp. 1450022 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zerong Daniel Wang ◽

Meagan Hysmith ◽

Perla Cristina Quintana

Keyword(s):

Thermal Decomposition ◽

Carbon Disulfide ◽

Density Functional ◽

Basis Sets ◽

Structural Isomer ◽

Consecutive Reaction ◽

Functional Theory ◽

Decomposition Products ◽

Thermal Decomposition Products ◽

Hybrid Module

The formation of carbon disulfide ( CS 2) and ammonia ( NH 3) from the thermal decomposition products of thiourea has been studied with MP2, and hybrid module-based density functional theory methods (B3LYP, MPW1PW91 and PBE1PBE), each in conjunction with five different basis sets (6-31+G(2d,2p), 6-311++G(2d,2p), DGDZVP, DGDZVP2 and DGTZVP). The free energy changes and activation energies for all the five primitive reactions involved in the formation of CS 2 and NH 3 have been compared and discussed. The results indicate that CS 2 is most likely formed in a consecutive reaction path that consists of the addition of hydrogen sulfide ( H 2 S ) to isothiocyanic acid (HNCS) to generate carbamodithioic acid and subsequent decomposition of carbamodithioic acid. By contrast, thiocyanic acid (HSCN) as the structural isomer of isothiocyanic acid is not likely the source of CS 2.

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