Object Relations, Affect Management, and Psychic Structure Formation

1996 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 172-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phyllis Tyson
1991 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 987-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Calvin F. Settlage ◽  
Sandra Bemesderfer ◽  
Judith Rosenthal ◽  
Joseph Afterman ◽  
Philip M. Spielman

The appeal cycle was observed and delineated through research on mother-child interaction during the second year of life. As a repeated, circumscribed unit of developmental interaction, it is conceived to be an agent of developmental process and psychic structure formation. The appeal cycle has four phases: the adaptational phase, the distress phase, the appeal phase, and the interactional phase. The progression from the adaptational into the distress and appeal phases evidences the child's separation anxiety and failure of self-regulation in response to the experimentally induced attenuation of the mother-child relationship. A successful interactional phase reestablishes the relationship, regulates and restores the child's emotional equilibrium, and enables a return to self-regulation and adaptation. Because the interaction reinforces the functions and structures being developed through identification with the mother, the interactional phase is conceived to be an instrumental event in the mediation of psychic structure formation. The appeal cycle is discussed in comparison with similar phenomena in earlier phases of development and with other studies addressing development during the first two years of life. Directions for future research are noted.


1994 ◽  
Vol 164 (S23) ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vamik D. Volkan

People with schizophrenia lack the ability to develop – to differentiate and integrate – their self- and object-representations, and suffer from primitive ‘object-relations’ conflicts, which occur when they try to develop (to differentiate and integrate) their self- and object-world. When a therapist interacts beneficially with a schizophrenic patient and enables him/her to identify with the ego functions involved in this interaction, the patient's frail psychic structure receives nourishment that will strengthen it: this process is similar to human development, where a child attains psychic organisation by interacting with the one who nurtures him/her. The recommended approach in the psychoanalytic psychotherapy of schizophrenia is to ‘allow’ the natural evolution of the fusion–defusion and introjection–projection processes to appear in the experiences of transference and counter-transference.


2004 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 197-203
Author(s):  
Penny Lewis†

Abstract. From my training with Marian Chace came much of the roots of my employment of dance therapy in my work. The use of empathic movement reflection assisted me in the development of the technique of somatic countertransference ( Lewis, 1984 , 1988 , 1992 ) and in the choreography of the symbiotic phase in object relations ( Lewis, 1983 , 1987a , 1988 , 1990 , 1992 ). Marian provided the foundation for assistance in separation and individuation through the use of techniques which stimulated skin (body) and external (kinespheric) boundary formation. Reciprocal embodied response and the use of thematic imaginal improvisations provided the foundation for the embodied personification of intrapsychic phenomena such as the internalized patterns, inner survival mechanisms, addictions, and the inner child. Chace’s model assisted in the development of structures for the remembering, re-experiencing, and healing of child abuse as well as the rechoreography of object relations. Finally, Marian Chace’s use of synchronistic group postural rhythmic body action provided access to the transformative power of ritual in higher stages of individuation and spiritual consciousness.


Psychotherapy ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 619-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose M. Arcaya ◽  
Gwendolyn L. Gerber
Keyword(s):  

1976 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 593-594
Author(s):  
W. DEREK SHOWS
Keyword(s):  

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