The critical role of infrastructure and organizational culture in implementing competency-based education and individualized pathways in undergraduate medical education

Medical schools are committed to both students and society to develop capabilities required to succeed in health care environments. Present diagnosis and treatment methods become obsolete faster, demanding that medical schools incorporate competency-based education to keep pace with future demands. This study was conducted to assess the problem solving disposition of medical students. A three-subcategory model of the skill is proposed. The instrument was validated on content by a group of 17 experts in medical education and applied to 135 registered students on the sixth year of the M.D. Physician Surgeon program at a private medical school. Cronbach’s alpha indicated an internal consistency of 0.751. The findings suggest that selected items have both homogeneity and validity. The factor analysis resulted in components that were associated with three problem-solving subcategories. The students’ perceptions are higher in the pattern recognition and application of general strategies for problem solving subcategories of the Problem solving disposition model.

Download Full-text

Presentation of a Model for a Competency-Based Succession Planning Model with Respect to Adjusting Role of Organizational Culture in Telecommunication Infrastructure Company of Iran (TICIR)

Britain International of Exact Sciences (BIoEx) Journal ◽

10.33258/bioex.v2i1.105 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 61-76

Author(s):

Sorush Niknamian

Keyword(s):

Organizational Culture ◽

Succession Planning ◽

Sampling Method ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Planning Model ◽

Statistical Population ◽

Telecommunication Infrastructure ◽

Competency Based ◽

Descriptive Survey

The current research aims to propose a competency-based succession planning model with respect to adjusting role of organizational culture in Telecommunication Infrastructure Company of Iran (TICIR). This study was conducted as an applied research in terms of objective and it was assumed as a descriptive survey by taking approach toward interpretative structural modeling. The statistical population of this study included two groups of experts and directors (Directors general, chairmen of offices, responsible experts and experts of TICIR Company). Primarily, in order to determine sample size for statistical population, 20 of experts were elected using non-randomized and selective sampling method and 340 members of the second statistical population were chosen by means of classified sampling technique including directors general, deputies of directors general, chairmen of offices, responsible experts and other experts of TICIR Company. The findings about succession planning model indicated that the variable of succession planning reached to a level higher than satisfactory rate therefore all of the related elements were placed higher than satisfactory level. Finally variable of organizational culture, as adjusting variable, was also placed at the level higher than satisfactory rate in this study. Hence, all of these variables reached to the level higher than satisfactory rate.

Download Full-text

Managing Employee Compliance with Information Security Policies: The Critical Role of Top Management and Organizational Culture*

Decision Sciences ◽

10.1111/j.1540-5915.2012.00361.x ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 43 (4) ◽

pp. 615-660 ◽

Cited By ~ 185

Author(s):

Qing Hu ◽

Tamara Dinev ◽

Paul Hart ◽

Donna Cooke

Keyword(s):

Organizational Culture ◽

Information Security ◽

Critical Role ◽

Security Policies ◽

Top Management

Download Full-text

An Exploration of How Competency-Based Education Can Support Self-Directed Learners and Learning

10.4018/978-1-7998-7661-8.ch011 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 193-208

Author(s):

Naomi Rose Boyer ◽

Jessica Mason ◽

Michelle Navarre Cleary ◽

Julie A. Telkamp

Keyword(s):

Future Research ◽

Strong Impact ◽

Continuous Learning ◽

Self Directed Learning ◽

Workplace Skills ◽

Competency Based Education ◽

Directed Learning ◽

Competency Based ◽

The Relationship

At a time when workplace skills are rapidly evolving, continuous learning is increasingly important, and the responsibility for learning has shifted from others (parents, schools, teachers, employers) to individuals. Self-directed learning (SDL) can help learner-earners thrive in a skills-based economy. Competency-based education (CBE) is well suited to appeal to self-directed learners and to scaffold learner self-direction; however, existing research on the relationship between SDL and CBE programs is limited. This chapter uses case studies of the experiences of two self-directed learners in a CBE program to explore the role of self-direction in their learning journeys. The key takeaways are that (1) self-direction can have a strong impact on learner success and (2) CBE programs are uniquely positioned to support self-directed learners. The chapter concludes with a discussion of considerations for future research.

Download Full-text

Critical role of medical education among dentists and dental students on HIV/AIDS: a systematic review

HIV & AIDS Review ◽

10.5114/hivar.2020.93236 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Irna Sufiawati ◽

Eliza Munthe

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Medical Education ◽

Critical Role ◽

Dental Students ◽

Hiv Aids

Download Full-text

Undergraduate medical education: a national survey of consultant radiologists

British Journal of Radiology ◽

10.1259/bjr.20200380 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 93 (1112) ◽

pp. 20200380 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

C Chew ◽

PJ O’Dwyer

Keyword(s):

Medical Education ◽

Medical Students ◽

Undergraduate Medical Education ◽

National Survey ◽

Online Survey ◽

Professional Activity ◽

Large Drop ◽

Current Role ◽

Health Boards

Objective: Rising clinical demand and changes to Radiologists’ job plans mean it is becoming ever more difficult for Radiologists to teach medical students. The aim of this study was to assess the current role of Radiologists in undergraduate medical education in Scotland. Methods: Consultant Radiologists working across all 14 Scottish Health Boards were invited by email to participate in an anonymous short online survey. The survey ran for 6 weeks from November 2019. One reminder email was sent a week before the survey closed. Results: 102 responses were recorded, representing 34% of the total whole time equivalent Radiologists in Scotland. All agreed Radiology should be taught to medical students. Over 70% (n = 73) taught medical students, most often during supporting professional activity time. 76 percent of Radiologists who did not teach expressed a desire to do so. The most common barrier to teaching was not having enough time in their job plan. Scottish Radiologists delivered a median of 10 h (IQR 0–22) a year of teaching to medical students. Thematic analysis of free comments revealed staffing/time constraints severely limiting ability to teach. Conclusion: This is the first national survey to assess the current role of Radiologists in teaching medical students. While most are teaching or want to teach, there is a large drop-off between current Scottish and previously reported UK median teaching hours. Engagement from Universities, Royal College of Radiologists and Health Boards is urgently needed to reverse this trend. Advances in knowledge: This is the first national survey into the current role of Radiologists in undergraduate medical education. There is a large drop-off between current Scottish and previously reported UK median teaching hours.

Download Full-text

Reconsidering the role of assessments in undergraduate medical education

Medical Education ◽

10.1111/medu.13543 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 52 (5) ◽

pp. 464-466 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Tobias Raupach ◽

Nikolai Schuelper

Keyword(s):

Medical Education ◽

Undergraduate Medical Education

Download Full-text

Role of active patient involvement in undergraduate medical education: a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037217 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. e037217

Author(s):

Stijntje Willemijn Dijk ◽

Edwin Johan Duijzer ◽

Matthias Wienold

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Medical Education ◽

Undergraduate Medical Education ◽

Patient Involvement ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Daily Practice ◽

Pubmed Database ◽

Wide Range ◽

Active Patient

ObjectivesTo identify the scope of active patient involvement in medical education, addressing the current knowledge gaps relating to rationale and motivation for involvement, recruitment and preparation, roles, learning outcomes and key procedural contributors.MethodsThe authors performed a systematic search of the PubMed database of publications between 2003 and 2018. Original studies in which patients take on active roles in the development, delivery or evaluation of undergraduate medical education and written in English were eligible for inclusion. Included studies’ references were searched for additional articles. Quality of papers was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool.Results49 articles were included in the review. Drivers for patient involvement included policy requirements and patients’ own motivations to contribute to society and learning. Patients were engaged in a variety of educational settings in and outside of the hospital. The vast majority of studies describe patients taking on the role of a patient teacher and formative assessor. More recent studies suggest that patients are increasingly involved in course and curriculum development, student selection and summative assessment. The new body of empirical evidence shows the wide range of learning objectives was pursued through patient participation, including competencies as professional, communicator, collaborator, leader and health advocate, but not scholar. Measures to support sustainable patient involvement included longitudinal institutional incorporation, patient recruitment and/or training, resource support and clear commitment by faculty. The importance and advantages of patient involvement were highlighted by students, faculty and patients themselves; however, organisations must continue to consider, monitor and take steps to mitigate any potential harms to patients and students.DiscussionThis systematic review provides new knowledge and practical insights to physicians and faculty on how to incorporate active patient involvement in their institutions and daily practice, and provides suggested action points to patient organisations wishing to engage in medical education.

Download Full-text

A Quantitative Curriculum Mapping of the Faculty of Pharmacy of Yeditepe University, Turkey: A Process to Assess the Consistency of a Curriculum with the Mission and Vision of an Institution and National Requirements

Pharmacy ◽

10.3390/pharmacy7030078 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 78

Author(s):

Filiz Esra Önen Bayram ◽

Meriç Köksal

Keyword(s):

Pharmacy Education ◽

Curriculum Mapping ◽

National Council ◽

Competency Based Education ◽

Quantitative Mapping ◽

Competency Based ◽

Definition Of ◽

Changing Role ◽

And Training

The changing role of the pharmacist led to some improvements of pharmacy education worldwide these last years. Curricula have evolved and the content-based education has been converted into a competency-based education. The definition of a global practice-based competency framework by the International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP) and the European Pharmacy Competencies Framework by the European the Quality Assurance in European Pharmacy Education and Training (PHAR-QA) project helps Universities to keep in with these changes. The National Council of Deans of Faculties of Pharmacy in Turkey also defined 169 competencies with their sub-competencies that have to be reached upon the completion of a pharmacy education program, yet it did not indicate how the faculties can measure if their curricula are consistent with these competencies. This study aims to provide a method for a quantitative mapping of a given curriculum in order to analyze if a curriculum fulfills the requirements defined by the National Deans Council. It also helps to easily determine the weaknesses and strengths of a program. Moreover, with this study, the consistency of the content of the courses with the mission and vision defined by an institution can be easily determined. Thus, this study can also be a useful tool for the revision and enhancement of a program according to institutional targets.

Download Full-text