Surface-dwelling soil macrofauna and ground beetles (coleoptera: carabidae) of metal post-mining spoil heaps–community composition and potential risk element bioaccumulation

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Beáta Baranová ◽  
Lenka Demková ◽  
Július Arvay
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Ground Beetles ◽  
Soil Macrofauna ◽  
Surface Dwelling ◽  
Spoil Heaps ◽  
Risk Element ◽  
Metal Post

scholarly journals Topography of Spoil Heaps and Its Role in Plant Succession and Soil Fauna Presence

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Walmsley ◽  
Pavla Vachová ◽  
M. Vach
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Plant Community ◽  
Soil Fauna ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Moisture Distribution ◽  
Plant Succession ◽  
Plant Community Composition ◽  
Soil Macrofauna ◽  
Topographic Features ◽  
Spoil Heaps

Abstract The spoil heaps from brown coal mining without technical reclamation are interesting specific sites for ecological relationships observation. This research was aimed at investigating whether topographic features, which determine soil nutrient and moisture distribution, in combination with soil fauna (wireworm and earthworm) presence, affect plant community composition at a spontaneously revegetated post mining area with an undulating surface. Two sites of different age with three types of topographic features were selected, soil moisture and nutrient contents were measured, and plant community composition and soil macrofauna community were sampled at each position. Wireworms were present at all positions and were most abundant at the bottoms of waves at the younger site; their presence was correlated with the presence of several plant species with high palatability for wireworms, but the direction of the interaction is not clear. Earthworms were only present at the older site and had the highest abundance at flat sections. Earthworm presence affected the amount of nitrogen in soil - the highest nitrogen content was at the site with the highest earthworm density and was followed by a higher diversity of plant community. The plant community composition was generally correlated with plant available nutrient content - especially P and N. We infer that topographic features affect nutrient and soil fauna distribution, which consequently influences the plant community composition.

scholarly journals Morphological Adaptation of Cave-Dwelling Ground Beetles in China Revealed by Geometric Morphometry (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechini)

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1002
Author(s):  
Mengzhen Chen ◽  
Wanru Guo ◽  
Sunbin Huang ◽  
Xiaozhu Luo ◽  
Mingyi Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Ground Beetles ◽  
Morphological Adaptation ◽  
First Report ◽  
Geometric Morphometry ◽  
Morphological Adaptations ◽  
The World ◽  
Morphometry Analysis ◽  
Cave Environment ◽  
Surface Dwelling

Cave-dwelling ground beetles in China represent the most impressive specific diversity and morphological adaptations of the cavernicolous ground beetles in the world, but they have not been systematically examined in quantitative terms. The present study focuses on the application of geometric morphological methods to address the morphological adaptations of the tribe Trechini, the most representative group in China. We have employed a geometric morphometry analysis of the head, pronotum, and elytra of 53 genera of Trechini, including 132 hypogean and 8 epigean species. Our results showed that the overall morphological variation of cave carabids has gradually specialized from an anophthalmic to semi-aphaenopsian to aphaenopsian type. There were extremely significant differences (p < 0.01) among four different adaptive types including aphaenopsian, semi-aphaenopsian, anophthalmic, and surface-dwelling Trechini when their adaptability to a cave environment was used as the basis for grouping. Furthermore, there were differences in the phenotypic tree of the head, pronotum, and elytra, and an integrated morphology. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the analysis of the head, pronotum, and elytra of four different adaptive types of ground beetles in order to clarify the morphological adaptations of cavernicolous carabids to the cave environment.

scholarly journals Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner & Buhrer, 1934) Nickle 1970 – pinewood nematode: a threat to European forests

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-129
Author(s):  
Andrea Čerevková ◽  
Manuel Mota ◽  
Paulo Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Potential Risk ◽  
Pine Wilt Disease ◽  
Bursaphelenchus Xylophilus ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Coniferous Forests ◽  
Pinewood Nematode ◽  
Affected Area ◽  
Pine Wilt ◽  
First Time ◽  
Risk Element

Abstract Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is the main causal agent of the pine wilt disease and a worldwide pest with high economic impact. As a serious invasive and destructive species, it is listed as a quarantine pest in the legislation of more than 40 countries. B. xylophilus was reported for the first time in Europe in Portugal in 1999 and in 2008 the whole country has been considered an affected area. In 2008, presence of B. xylophilus was confirmed in Spain. This paper reports on the biology, introduction, spread and the control of B. xylophilus as potential risk element in European coniferous forests.

scholarly journals The effect of farming system and management practices on surface-dwelling soil macrofauna

2019 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-296
Author(s):  
Vojtěch Chmelík ◽  
Bořivoj Šarapatka ◽  
Ondřej Machač ◽  
Jan Mikula ◽  
Vratislav Laška ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Soil Macrofauna ◽  
Surface Dwelling
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