Emerging applications of microfluidic techniques for in vitro toxicity studies of atmospheric particulate matter

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Fobang Liu ◽  
Nga Lee Ng ◽  
Hang Lu
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate Matter ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate ◽  
Toxicity Studies

scholarly journals Oral bioavailability reveals an overestimation of the toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in atmospheric particulate matter

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Sánchez-Piñero ◽  
Paula Gómez-Meijide ◽  
Estefanía Concha-Graña ◽  
Jorge Moreda-Piñeiro ◽  
Soledad Muniategui-Lorenzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Oral Bioavailability ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate Matter ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Human Digestive System

AbstractPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in atmospheric particulate matter have adverse effects on human health, yet total PAH concentrations should overestimate the toxicity compared to the bioavailable amount of PAHs. To explore this hypothesis, we measured PAHs oral bioavailability in vitro in particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter lower than 10 µm (PM10) using a test that mimics the human digestive system. This assay combines the use of simulated gastrointestinal fluids and a dialysis membrane to simulate intestinal absorption. Results show that oral PAH bioavailability was below 5%, with fluorene, anthracene, acenaphthene and phenanthrene as the most bioavailable PAHs. Data suggest no carcinogenic risk of oral bioavailable PM10-bound PAHs following a health risk assessment via inhalation-ingestion by using benzo(a)pyrene-equivalent carcinogenic concentration and hazard indexes. To our best knowledge, this is the first research study of in vitro oral bioavailability estimation of PM10-associated PAHs.

scholarly journals Atmospheric particulate matter aggravates CNS demyelination via TLR-4/NF-κB-mediated microglia pathogenic activities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Han ◽  
Xing Li ◽  
Si-Ying Deng ◽  
Ze-Qing Ye ◽  
Ruo-Song Ai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate Matter ◽  
Core Network ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate ◽  
Neurologic Disorders ◽  
Coordination Ability ◽  
Demyelinating Disorders

Atmospheric Particulate Matter (PM) is one of the leading environmental risk factors for the global burden of disease. Increasing epidemiological studies demonstrated that PM plays a significant role in CNS demyelinating disorders; however, there is no direct testimony of this, and yet the molecular mechanism by which the occurrence remains unclear. Using multiple in vivo and in vitro strategies, in the present study we demonstrate that PM exposure aggravates neuroinflammation, myelin injury, and dysfunction of movement coordination ability via boosting microglial pro inflammatory activities, in both the pathological demyelination and physiological myelinogenesis animal models. Indeed, pharmacological disturbance combined with RNA seq and ChIP seq suggests that TLR-4/NF-κB signaling mediated a core network of genes that control PM triggered microglia pathogenicity. In summary, our study defines a novel atmospheric environmental mechanism that mediates PM aggravated microglia pathogenic activities, and establishes a systematic approach for the investigation of the effects of environmental exposure in neurologic disorders.

Source Apportionment of in Vitro Reactive Oxygen Species Bioassay Activity from Atmospheric Particulate Matter

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (19) ◽  
pp. 7502-7509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanxun Zhang ◽  
James J. Schauer ◽  
Martin M. Shafer ◽  
Michael P. Hannigan ◽  
Steven J. Dutton
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Source Apportionment ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate Matter ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate

Human liver cell cultivation for long-term in vitro toxicity studies in a miniaturized multi-compartment 3D bioreactor system

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
SA Hoffmann ◽  
M Lübberstedt ◽  
U Müller-Vieira ◽  
D Knobeloch ◽  
A Nüssler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cell ◽  
Human Liver ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity ◽  
Cell Cultivation ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Human Liver Cell ◽  
Bioreactor System

scholarly journals Effects of urban atmospheric particulate matter on higher plants using Lycopersicon esculentum as model species

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katalin Hubai ◽  
Nora Kováts ◽  
Gábor Teke
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate Matter ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Treatment Experiment

AbstractAtmospheric particulate matter (PM) is one of the major environmental concerns in Europe. A wide range of studies has proved the ecotoxic potential of atmospheric particles. PM exerts chemical stress on vegetation by its potentially toxic constituents; however, relatively few studies are available on assessing phytotoxic effects under laboratory conditions. In our study, aqueous extract of particulate matter was prepared and used for treatment. Experiment was following the procedure defined by the No. 227 OECD Guideline for the Testing of Chemicals: Terrestrial Plant Test. Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) plants were used; elucidated toxicity was assessed based on morphological and biochemical endpoints such as biomass, chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b, carotenoids, and protein content. Biomass reduction and protein content showed a clear dose–effect relationship; the biomass decreased in comparison with the control (100%) in all test groups (TG) at a steady rate (TG1: 87.73%; TG2: 71.77%; TG3: 67.01%; TG4: 63.63%). The tendency in protein concentrations compared to the control was TG1: 113.61%; TG2: 148.21% TG3: 160.52%; TG4: 157.31%. However, pigments showed a ‘Janus-faced’ effect: nutrient content of the sample caused slight increase at lower doses; actual toxicity became apparent only at higher doses (chlorophyll-a concentration decrease was 84.47% in TG4, chlorophyll-b was 77.17%, and finally, carotene showed 83.60% decrease in TG4).

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