Diffusion‐weighted and conventional MR imaging in neurotrichinosis

2005 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Gelal ◽  
E. Kumral ◽  
B. Dirim Vidinli ◽  
D. Erdogan ◽  
K. Yucel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System Involvement ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltration ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Multifocal Lesions ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Brain ◽  
And Diffusion

Central nervous system involvement in trichinosis is not rare. Brain lesions in trichinosis have been defined on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as multifocal small lesions located in the cerebral cortex and white matter. We present a case of trichinosis with multifocal lesions of the brain detected by MRI and diffusion weighted MRI. Evolutions of these lesions from acute through chronic stages on follow up studies are also presented. This is the first report describing sequential MRI findings and diffusion weighted imaging appearance of brain lesions in trichinosis. Sequential evaluation of conventional and diffusion MR data allowed us to conclude that multifocal lesions in the brain were related to multiple infarctions rather than true inflammatory infiltration of the brain parenchyma.

Magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion‐weighted imaging in methylmalonic acidemia

2005 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Yeşildağ ◽  
A. Ayata ◽  
B. Baykal ◽  
M. Koroglu ◽  
H. Yıldız ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
Methylmalonic Acidemia ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Brain ◽  
And Diffusion

Methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) is an inborn disorder of amino acid metabolism, often presenting with neurological symptoms. We present the results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) of the brain in a 16‐month‐old male patient with classic neurological and laboratory findings for MMA. MRI demonstrated the hyperintensity within globi pallidi both on T2‐weighted image and DWI during the acute episode of metabolic acidosis.

Neuroimaging of Children With Takayasu Arteritis

2021 ◽  
pp. 088307382199128
Author(s):  
Hafize Emine Sönmez ◽  
Ferhat Demir ◽  
Semanur Özdel ◽  
Şerife Gül Karadağ ◽  
Esra Bağlan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Takayasu Arteritis ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Left Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Cranial Mri ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Left Middle

Objective: Takayasu arteritis is a rare granulomatous chronic vasculitis that affects the aorta and its main branches. Neurologic manifestations can accompany the disease; however, there is no study on neuroimaging in children with Takayasu arteritis. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in pediatric Takayasu arteritis patients. Materials and Methods: Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were obtained retrospectively. Results: The study included 15 pediatric Takayasu arteritis patients. All patients presented with constitutional symptoms. Additionally, 6 patients suffered from headache, 2 had syncope, 1 had loss of consciousness, and 1 had convulsion. All patients underwent cranial and diffusion MRI a median 12 months after diagnosis. Cranial MRI findings were normal in 12 patients, whereas 3 patients had abnormal findings, as follows: stenosis in the M1 and M2 segments of the left middle cerebral artery (n = 1); diffuse thinning of the right internal carotid, middle cerebral, and right vertebral and basilar artery (n = 1); as a sequela, areas of focal gliosis in both the lateral ventricular and posterior periventricular regions (n = 1). Among these 3 patients, 1 had no neurologic complaints. Conclusion: Abnormal MRI findings can be observed in pediatric Takayasu arteritis patients, even those that are asymptomatic; therefore, clinicians should carefully evaluate neurologic involvement in all pediatric Takayasu arteritis patients.

scholarly journals Canine Choroid Plexus Tumor with Intracranial Dissemination Presenting as Multiple Cystic Lesions

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trisha J. Oura ◽  
Peter J. Early ◽  
Samuel H. Jennings ◽  
Melissa J. Lewis ◽  
Jeremy R. Tobias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Choroid Plexus ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Cystic Lesions ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Choroid Plexus Tumor ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Mri Characteristics ◽  
Possible Cause

A Miniature Pinscher developed acute blindness and behavioral changes. On magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), there were multiple small intra-axial cystic lesions, and primary differential diagnoses included primary or metastatic neoplasia and neurocysticercosis. These cystic lesions were subsequently diagnosed histopathologically as disseminated choroid plexus carcinoma. This is only the second documented description of this diagnosis in a dog, but both patients had very similar MRI findings. This patient adds to the literature about the MRI characteristics of choroid plexus tumors and indicates that choroid plexus tumor should be considered as a possible cause of small multifocal intra-axial cystic brain lesions in dogs, regardless of whether a primary intraventricular lesion is visible.

Analysis of Changes in Signal Intensity of Choroid Plexus in MRI Using FLAIR-DW-EPI Pulse Sequence

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Jingyu Kim ◽  
◽  
Sang-Jin Im ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Choroid Plexus ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Pulse Sequence ◽  
Signal Strength ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Weighted Image ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Water Signal ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Functional Problems

In this study, the signal intensity of choroid plexus, which is producing cerebrospinal fluid, is analyzed according to the FLAIR diffusion-weighted imaging technique. In the T2*-DW-EPI diffusion-weighted image, the FLAIR-DW-EPI technique, which suppressed the water signal, was additionally examined for subjects with high choroid plexus signals and compared and analyzed the signal intensity. As a result of the experiment, it was confirmed that the FLAIR-DW-EPI technique showed a signal strength equal to or lower than that of the brain parenchyma, and there was a difference in signal strength between the two techniques. As a result of this study, if the choroidal plexus signal is high in the T2 * -DW-EPI diffusionweighted image, additional examination of the FLAIR-DW-EPI technique is thought to be useful in distinguishing functional problems of the choroid plexus. In conclusion, if the choroidal plexus signal is high on the T2*-DW-EPI diffuse weighted image, it is thought that further examination of the FLAIR-DW-EPI technique will be useful in distinguishing functional problems of the choroidal plexus.

scholarly journals Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in cystic renal masses

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fikret Balyemez ◽  
Ahmet Aslan ◽  
Ibrahim Inan ◽  
Ercan Ayaz ◽  
Vildan Karagöz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Renal Cysts ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Renal Masses ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Introduction: We aimed to introduce the diagnostic value of diffusion-weighted (DWI) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for distinguishing benign and malignant renal cystic masses.Methods: Abdominal DWI-MRIs of patients with Bosniak categories 2F, 3, and 4 cystic renal masses were evaluated retrospectively. Cystic masses were assigned as benign or malignant according to histopathological or followup MRI findings and compared with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values.Results: There were 30 patients (18 males and 12 females, mean age was 59.23 ± 12.08 years [range 38‒83 years]) with cystic renal masses (eight Bosniak category 2F, 12 Bosniak category 3, 10 Bosniak category 4). Among them, 14 cysts were diagnosed as benign and 16 as malignant by followup imaging or histopathological findings. For the malignant lesions, the mean ADC values were lower than for benign lesions (p=0.001). An ADC value of ≤2.28 x10-6 mm2/s or less had a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 92.86% for detecting malignancy.Conclusions: ADC can improve the diagnostic performance of MRI in the evaluation of complex renal cysts when used together with conventional MRI sequences.

Fatal Parasitic Meningoencephalomyelitis Caused By Halicephalobus deletrix: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2010 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-629
Author(s):  
Sarah L. Ondrejka ◽  
Gary W. Procop ◽  
Keith K. Lai ◽  
Richard A. Prayson
Keyword(s):  
Fatal Case ◽  
Brain Biopsy ◽  
Altered Mental Status ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltration ◽  
Granulomatous Vasculitis ◽  
Helminthic Infection ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Infection with the saprophagous nematode Halicephalobus species is uncommon but has been reported in horses worldwide. Only 3 human cases have been previously described, all of which have been fatal. We report a fourth fatal case, which occurred in a 39-year-old woman who presented with meningeal signs, altered mental status, and a prodromal pruritic rash. Diagnostic evaluation included an open brain biopsy, which was diagnosed as granulomatous vasculitis. The patient subsequently died after a course of steroids and cyclophosphamide. At autopsy, a robust perivascular mixed inflammatory infiltration of the brain parenchyma, meninges, and ventricular system was present with larval forms and mature nematodes morphologically consistent with Halicephalobus deletrix. Although extremely rare, this organism needs to be considered in the differential diagnosis of human helminthic infection of the central nervous system.

scholarly journals RARE-35. MRI FINDINGS AT PROGRESSION IN ADULT PATIENTS WITH MEDULLOBLASTOMA

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi229-vi229
Author(s):  
Christine Cordova ◽  
Elizabeth Vera ◽  
Orwa Aboud ◽  
Ramya Antony ◽  
Lisa Boris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sonic Hedgehog ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Natural History Study ◽  
Tumor Bed ◽  
Multiple Patients

Abstract Progression (PD) in medulloblastoma (MB) represents a diagnostic challenge due to imaging heterogeneity among/within patients. SHH (Sonic hedgehog)-MB is thought to recur mostly within the tumor bed (TB). In children, DWI restriction (DWIr) is more sensitive than contrast enhancement(CE) for first PD. Whether this is applicable to adults is unknown. METHODS Retrospective review of adults (age ≥18) with MB enrolled to Natural History study at NCI-NOB. Descriptive statistics of imaging at diagnosis and PD(CE, T2/FLAIR signal without CE, DWIr) and imaging patterns for each PD. RESULTS:14 adults with MB: 5 diagnosed in childhood (8–16 yrs), 9 as adults (18–45 yrs); Subtypes: 7 SHH, 3 non-WNT/non-SHH, 4 unknown. Eleven experienced ≥1 PD (6/7 SHH, 2/3 non-WNT/non-SHH, 3/4 unknown); median PD of 5 (range 1–9). Median age at first PD 31 years (range 10–46) with 5 first PDs >5 years after diagnosis. In 10 patients with available baseline MRI, 9 had CE, and 8 DWIr (2 without DWI sequences). Of 48 total PDs, the commonest patterns were: brain LMD alone (n=14), TB alone or distant brain parenchyma alone (each n=7), distant brain parenchyma with brain LMD (n=6), and TB with either distant brain parenchyma or LMD (n=3). Of the 82 PD lesions, 23% (n=14) of brain lesions lacked DWIr, and 37% (n=23) had T2/FLAIR signal without CE. PD tissue confirmation obtained at 18 time points:16 cases with confirmed recurrence had heterogeneous characteristics; in 12 with brain PD: CE in 5, T2/FLAIR without CE in 3 (unknown: 4). 2 CE lesions revealed meningioma (one- atypical meningioma- had DWIr). CONCLUSIONS Imaging findings in adult patients with MB are highly heterogeneous. Despite high specificity of DWIr for PD in children, it failed for 23% of brain lesions across multiple patients. Most SHH-MB had PD outside the TB, unlike what is widely accepted in the literature.

Cerebral schistosomiasis: MRI features with pathological correlation

2020 ◽  
pp. 028418512093447
Author(s):  
Chun-yan Lu ◽  
Sha Zhao ◽  
Yi Wei
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Brain Area ◽  
Pathological Findings ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Mri Features ◽  
Cerebral Involvement ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Radiology And Pathology

Background Neuroschistosomiasis is not commonly encountered and is probably underrecognized. We hope these findings can help clinicians and radiologists to raise awareness of this disabling disorder. Purpose To demonstrate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of cerebral schistosomiasis and correlate it with pathological findings. Material and Methods We identified seven patients with cerebral schistosomiasis from radiology and pathology archives of our hospital. Of the seven patients, six were pathologically confirmed. The remaining patient had pathologically confirmed spinal schistosomiasis with MRI findings of cerebral involvement. MRI and pathological findings of these patients were analyzed and correlated. Results Multiple enhancing nodules at varying size were found in all patients. Prominent leptomeningeal or choroidal veins were found in six patients, four at the center of the foci and two at the periphery. Hemorrhage was identified in two patients. Histology revealed granulomas around ova in six patients. A prominent vein with ova in the lumen and wall of a vein was found in one patient and perivascular ova deposition was found in one patient. Conclusion Multiple enhancing nodules with central or peripheral veins in a circumscribed brain area are important signs to the diagnosis of cerebral schistosomiasis. The inflamed veins involved may be the route taken by the ova to spread to the brain tissue.

scholarly journals Penetrating brain injury with a metal bar and a knife: Report of two interesting cases

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Tabibkhooei ◽  
Morteza Taheri ◽  
Sadra Rohani ◽  
Iran Chanideh ◽  
Hessam Rahatlou
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Antibiotic Administration ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Penetrating Brain Injury ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Brain

Introduction Penetrating brain injury (PBI) is uncommon among the civilian population. Here, we report two interesting cases of PBI. Case presentation The first patient was a 20-year-old male who sustained a penetrating head injury with a metal bar during an accident at work. The patient underwent early surgical intervention, and related meningitis was treated with antibiotics. The patient was discharged 45 days later with no deficit. The second patient was a 34-year-old male who was the victim of a violence attack and was admitted to hospital. He was struck by a knife to his right temporal bone. A brain computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated the tract of the knife within the brain parenchyma. The patient underwent conservative treatment. After several weeks, the patient was discharged in good health. Conclusion Although severe PBI has a poorer prognosis than a blunt brain injury, in treating of these patients, aggressive and timely surgical intervention, proper wide-spectrum antibiotic administration, stringent and diligent care in the intensive-care unit and careful management of the associated complications are mandated.

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