scholarly journals Justified indulgence: self-licensing effects on caloric consumption

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sosja Prinsen ◽  
Catharine Evers ◽  
Denise T. D. de Ridder
Keyword(s):  
Caloric Consumption ◽  
Licensing Effects

How much is a calorie worth? A study of willingness to pay for calorie labels in restaurant menus

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
SANA RAFIQ
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
Caloric Consumption ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWe asked individuals about their willingness to pay (WTP) either: (1) for a mandate requiring restaurants to post calorie information on their menus; or (2) to avoid such a mandate. On average, more people were in in favor of the mandate and were willing to pay four times more than those who were against it, thereby leading to a Kaldor–Hicks improvement from this policy. To ensure robustness, we tested the impact of providing three types of information during individuals’ WTP determinations: (1) visual examples of the proposed calorie labels; (2) data on their effectiveness at the individual level; and (3) data on their wider social and economic benefits. For those in favor, providing a simple visual of the label had no impact on WTP. Data on the individual effectiveness of the labels increased the WTP, while evidence on broader obesity reduction and economic benefits reduced it. For opponents, WTP did not change with provision of additional information except when provided with information on social and economic benefits. Under this condition, the opponents increased their WTP 12-fold to avoid a mandate of this policy. Finally, we measured individual well-being under this policy and found directionally similar results, confirming a net improvement in aggregate welfare. Our results suggest that messaging that focuses on private benefits (providing calorie information so that individuals can effectively choose to reduce excessive caloric consumption) rather than wider public benefits (reduction in overall health-related costs and obesity) is more likely to be effective.

Moderate-intensity exercise affects perceived hunger and fullness but not appetite-related hormones in late pregnancy

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 1162-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kym J. Guelfi ◽  
Rhiannon E. Halse
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Additional Energy Expenditure ◽  
Caloric Consumption

The effect of exercise on appetite and appetite-related hormones during pregnancy is not known. This study found that 30 min of moderate-intensity stationary cycling transiently attenuated hunger and increased fullness in late gestational women (n = 12). Exercise did not affect perceived appetite or appetite-related hormones in response to subsequent caloric consumption. These observations suggest that appetite responses do not intrinsically compensate for the additional energy expenditure induced by exercise, at least in the short term.

scholarly journals Food Reward and Food Choice. An Inquiry Through The Liking and Wanting Model

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Almudena Recio-Román ◽  
Manuel Recio-Menéndez ◽  
María Victoria Román-González
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Food Choice ◽  
Food Reward ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
Reward Systems ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Caloric Consumption ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

What if consumers are getting obese because eating less calories is more difficult for persons that have a higher pleasure and desire towards food (Ikeda et al., 2005) and food companies do not help given only a two extreme option choice to satisfy their needs (i.e., low calories vs. high calories or healthy vs. unhealthy)? Reward systems are being described with a new conceptual approach where liking—the pleasure derived from eating a given food—and wanting—motivational value, desire, or craving—can be seen as the significant forces guiding eating behavior. Our work shows that pleasure (liking), desire (wanting), and the interaction between them influence and are good predictors of food choice and food intake. Reward responses to food are closely linked to food choice, inducing to caloric overconsumption. Based on the responses given to a self-administered questionnaire measuring liking and wanting attitudes, we found three different segments named ‘Reward lovers,’ ‘Half epicurious,’ and ‘Non indulgents’. Their behavior when choosing food is quite different. Results show differential effects on caloric consumption depending on segments. The introduction of more food choices that try to balance their content is a win-win strategy for consumers, companies, and society.

Effects of a short-term exercise program on caloric consumption.

1985 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 437-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara E. Dickson-Parnell ◽  
Amos Zeichner
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Program ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Caloric Consumption

Caloric Consumption and the Female Athletic Triad

2000 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 7-7
Author(s):  
Nestor W. Sherman ◽  
Carol A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Caloric Consumption

Between-meal Energy Intake Effects On Body Composition, Performance And Total Caloric Consumption In Athletes

2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S339
Author(s):  
Dan Benardot ◽  
David E. Martin ◽  
Walter R. Thompson ◽  
Susan B. Roman
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Caloric Consumption

Consistency Versus Licensing Effects of Past Moral Behavior

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 363-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Mullen ◽  
Benoît Monin
Keyword(s):  
Moral Behavior ◽  
Licensing Effects

scholarly journals The effect of alcohol consumption on periodontal bone support in experimental periodontitis in rats

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 443-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Martins de Souza ◽  
Lucilene Hernandes Ricardo ◽  
Marcela de Almeida Prado ◽  
Fernanda de Almeida Prado ◽  
Rosilene Fernandes da Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Experimental Periodontitis ◽  
Distal Aspect ◽  
Caloric Consumption ◽  
Mandibular First Molar

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the alcohol consumption on the periodontal bone support (PBS) in experimental periodontitis in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-three male rats were divided into seven groups: G1 (control); G2 (10% ethanol); G3 (nutritional control of G2); G4 (20% ethanol); G5 (nutritional control of G4); G6 (30% ethanol) and G7 (nutritional control of G6). The groups G3, G5 and G7 received controlled diets with equivalent caloric amounts to those consumed in G2, G4 and G6 respectively, with the ethanol replaced by sucrose. After anesthesia, ligatures were installed around the mandibular first molar, leaving the contralateral teeth unligated. After 8 weeks, the rats were killed and their mandibles were radiographed to measure the percentage of PBS on the distal aspect. RESULTS: The intragroup analyses showed that presence of ligatures induced periodontitis (p<0.05). Unligated groups did not show significant differences among the percentages of PBS (p=0.1969). However, in ligated groups the rats that received alcohol (G2:48.71%±3.88; G4:47.66%±2.54; G6:47.32%±3.24) and the nutritional control group associated with a high concentration of ethanol (G7:47.40%±3.24) presented a significantly lower percentage of PBS than the other groups (G1:52.40%±2.75; G3:52.83%±2.41; G5:50.85%±4.14). CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrated that alcohol consumption in rats may result in a direct effect on alveolar bone loss and increased development of periodontitis. In addition, they suggest that heavy caloric consumption of ethanol may also present an indirect effect on periodontal tissue as a consequence of malnutrition.

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