scholarly journals Eyewitness memory: The impact of a negative mood during encoding and/or retrieval upon recall of a non-emotive event

Memory ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 838-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig Thorley ◽  
Stephen A. Dewhurst ◽  
Joseph W. Abel ◽  
Lauren M. Knott
Keyword(s):  
Negative Mood ◽  
Eyewitness Memory ◽  
The Impact

The impact of recall timing on the preservation of eyewitness memory

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Chantal Chevroulet ◽  
Helen M. Paterson ◽  
Angus Yu ◽  
Emily Chew ◽  
Richard I. Kemp
Keyword(s):  
Eyewitness Memory ◽  
The Impact

041 Alteration of Threat-Related Information Processing During Extended Sleep Deprivation

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A18-A18
Author(s):  
Sara Alger ◽  
John Hughes ◽  
Thomas Balkin ◽  
Tracy Jill Doty
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
High Expectation ◽  
Medicine Research ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Recovery Sleep ◽  
Threat Processing ◽  
Fearful Face ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction Threat-related information is preferentially processed, facilitating quick and efficient responses. However, the impact of extended sleep deprivation on perception of and response to threatening information is not well known. Sleep loss may increase amygdalar activity and negative mood, potentially facilitating threat processing. However, it also reduces cognitive function, possibly impairing ability to respond. The present study assessed the extent to which extended sleep deprivation modulates threat processing using a threat expectation paradigm. Methods Twenty-one participants underwent one baseline night of sleep followed by 62hrs total sleep deprivation (TSD) and one recovery night of sleep (12hrs). Threat expectation task performance was assessed at baseline, at multiple time points during TSD, and following recovery sleep. To control for circadian influence, performance at three 1100 sessions (baseline, 52hrs into TSD, and recovery) were compared. The threat expectation task involved determining whether a presented face was fearful (i.e., signaled threat) or neutral. Faces were presented at three expectation levels: 80%, 50%, and 20% chance of viewing a fearful face. Results Overall, responses were faster (F=9.77, p=0.001) and more accurate (F=11.48, p=0.001) when the type of face (fearful or neutral) was expected. Accuracy significantly decreased over TSD (t=7.71, p<0.001) and recovered following subsequent sleep. Fear bias was calculated for accuracy (accuracy for fearful face minus neutral face). Under conditions of high expectation (80%) of viewing a fearful face, fear bias increased across TSD (t=-1.95, p=0.07). Although accuracy to both fearful and neutral faces significantly declined across TSD (both p<0.001), decline for neutral faces was greater, thus increasing fear bias. Importantly, the increased bias toward fear was still evident compared to baseline following a 12-hour recovery sleep opportunity, (t=-1.93, p=0.07). Conclusion Extended sleep deprivation, common in operational environments where there is also high expectation of encountering threat, impairs cognitive control and is thought to enhance amygdala activity. These data show that, consequently, cognitive resources become biased toward biologically adaptive behaviors (i.e., threat processing) at the expense of attending and responding more broadly to all stimuli. This behavior is not reversed with a single extended sleep opportunity. Support (if any) Department of Defense Military Operational Medicine Research Program (MOMRP)

scholarly journals Obstáculos en la comunicación entre el cerebro y el intestino

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-114
Author(s):  
Sanda Pletikosić Tončić ◽  
Mladenka Tkalčić
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factor ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Positive Mood ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Fecal Calprotectin ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
The Impact

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a complex disorder that results from interactions of numerous factors. The biopsychosocial model describes a number of predisposing, precipitating, and perpetuating factors, which contribute to the onset and maintenance of symptoms and consequently to quality of life (QoL) impairment. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of several psychological and biological factors on the physical and mental components of QoL in IBS patients. A total of 46 IBS patients completed a set of questionnaires (Big Five Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory-II, Medical Outcome Study Short-Form 36) and kept a diary of their mood, daily stress, and symptoms over a period of two weeks. Patients' heart rate variability, serum cortisol, and fecal calprotectin levels were also measured. The results of regression analyses showed that depression (β = -.30) and negative mood (β = -.28) predicted physical QoL, while depression (β = -.45) and positive mood (β = .33) significantly predicted mental QoL. The model, which included calprotectin, cortisol, anxiety, depression, and positive and negative mood, explained a total of 47% of variance of physical and 57% of variance of mental QoL. Our results confirm the role of negative affect in IBS QoL impairment. They also indicate that biological factors seem important for physical QoL in IBS patients. The role of positive mood as a protective factor for mental QoL might be significant for psychological interventions with IBS patients.

scholarly journals The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on College Students: An Online Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 10762
Author(s):  
Thien Khai Tran ◽  
Hoa Dinh ◽  
Hien Nguyen ◽  
Dac-Nhuong Le ◽  
Dong-Ky Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Online Education ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Survey Analysis ◽  
The Impact

The COVID-19 pandemic, since its beginning in December 2019, has altered every aspect of human life. In Vietnam, the pandemic is in its fourth peak and is the most serious so far, putting Vietnam in the list of top 30 countries with the highest daily cases. In this paper, we wish to identify the magnitude of its impact on college students in Vietnam. As far as we’re concerned, college students belong to the most affected groups in the population, especially in big cities that have been hitting hard by the virus. We conducted an online survey from 31 May 2021 to 9 June 2021, asking students from four representative regions in Vietnam to describe how the pandemic has changed their lifestyle and studying environment, as well as their awareness, compliance, and psychological state. The collected answers were processed to eliminate unreliable ones then prepared for sentiment analysis. To analyze the relationship among the variables, we performed a variety of statistical tests, including Shapiro–Wilk, Mc Nemar, Mann–Whitney–Wilcoxon, Kruskal–Wallis, and Pearson’s Chi-square tests. Among 1875 students who participated, many did not embrace online education. A total of 64.53% of them refused to think that online education would be the upcoming trend. During the pandemic, nearly one quarter of students were in a negative mood. About the same number showed signs of depression. We also observed that there were increasing patterns in sleeping time, body weight, and sedentary lifestyle. However, they maintained a positive attitude toward health protection and compliance with government regulations (65.81%). As far as we know, this is the first project to conduct such a large-scale survey analysis on students in Vietnam. The findings of the paper help us take notice of financial and mental needs and perspective issues for indigent students, which contributes to reducing the pandemic’s negative effects and going forwards to a better and more sustainable life.

Development of Active and Passive Fatigue Manipulations Using a Driving Simulator

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (18) ◽  
pp. 1237-1241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dyani J. Saxby ◽  
Gerald Matthews ◽  
Edward M. Hitchcock ◽  
Joel S. Warm
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Passive Control ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Subjective Response ◽  
Passive Condition ◽  
Full Control ◽  
Active Condition ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Simulated Wind

The present study investigates driving simulator methodologies for inducing qualitatively different patterns of subjective response. The study tested Desmond and Hancock's (2001) theory that there may be two types of fatigue: active and passive. 108 undergraduates participated. There were 3 conditions (active, passive, control) and 3 durations (10, 30, 50 minutes). The active condition used simulated wind gusts to increase the required number of steering and acceleration changes. The passive condition was fully automated. In the control condition, drivers were in full control of steering and acceleration. Task engagement (e.g., energy) was lowest in the passive fatigue condition, followed by the control and active conditions. Distress (e.g., negative mood) was found to be highest in the active fatigue condition. The time course of fatigue responses was also determined. The results suggest methods for developing manipulations to determine the impact of fatigue on performance.

scholarly journals The impact of superior’s anger out on employees’ creative process engagement

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
SeulKi Lee ◽  
JaeYoon Chang
Keyword(s):  
Creative Process ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This research aimed to investigate the impact of superior’s anger out on the employees’ creative process engagement, the mediating effect of negative mood, and the moderating effects of the personal identification with the leader. To examine these ideas, we conducted a survey and collected data from 211 employees of diverse organizations. Results result showed that superior’s anger out was positively related to the employees’ negative mood. The negative mood of the employees, however, had no significant effect on the creative process engagement and it did not mediate the relationship of the superior’s anger out with employees’ creative process engagement. Lastly, personal identification with the leader significantly moderated the relationship between the superior’s anger out and the employees’ negative emotion. That is, results revealed that those employees who had higher level of personal identification with the leader regarded his/her anger out as a signal of dissatisfaction toward their work performance, tended to exert more effort to resolve the problems creatively. Applied implications of the results are discussed.

scholarly journals Flourishing and its Associations with Affective Reactivity and Recovery to Daily Stress

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Drake ◽  
Bruce P Dore ◽  
Emily B. Falk ◽  
Perry Zurn ◽  
Danielle S Bassett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Daily Stress ◽  
Marked Individual ◽  
Affective Reactivity ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Effects Of Stress ◽  
The Impact

There are marked individual differences in the impact of daily stress on health. We use trait measures of well-being, here quantified as flourishing, and daily reports of stress and negative mood to test (i) the moderating effects of flourishing on affective reactivity and recovery in response to increases in daily stress. To examine whether high curiosity acts as a resource to diminish stress effects, we additionally test (ii) the association between flourishing and curiosity and (iii) the associations between day’s curiosity and both affective reactivity and recovery. We then test for (iv) prospective associations between affective reactivity and recovery and change in flourishing over 3 months. People high in flourishing show lower affective reactivity and augmented recovery. Participants high in flourishing exhibit more frequent days of high curiosity and high curiosity buffers the effects of stress on day’s mood. Finally, greater affective reactivity is associated with longitudinal decreases in flourishing.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Impact of Mood on Food Intake and BMI Among Secondary Female Students in Al Madinah Almunawarah, KSA

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Female Students ◽  
P Value ◽  
Food Diary ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lifestyle Questionnaire ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Eating healthy is one of the essential things that should be taught at a young age. Obesity among adolescent or young girls is increasing dramatically. Psychological factors like mood swings can contribute to increased dietary intake and eventually to obesity. Aims: To explore the impact of mood on dietary intake and development of obesity Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a hundred female students aged from 13 to 15 years old. Students were selected randomly from three private secondary schools located in Al-Madinah. Students who matched the inclusion criteria were allowed to participate. A health and lifestyle questionnaire was distributed as well as a food diary to record their food consumption and mood over the upcoming three days (two school days and one weekend day). Weight and height were measured and BMI was obtained and compared to percentile BMI for age according to WHO. Results: A cross-sectional analysis determined the association between negative mood and intake of the following: calories: p value (0.02), fat: p value (0.01) and carbohydrates (0.01) respectively. Moreover, analysis also determined the association between BMI percentile (obese and overweight students) and intake of all of the following; fat (p=0.001), carbs (p=0.014) and kcal (p=0.006). Conclusion: Negative mood among students or adolescents could contributes to increase consumption of fat, carbs and energy and could lead to increasing body weight, compared to students with positive mood which could lead them to consume less fat, carbs and calories and then not effect body weight.

scholarly journals The Effects of Alcohol Hangover on Mood and Performance Assessed at Home

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Alford ◽  
Zuzana Martinkova ◽  
Brian Tiplady ◽  
Rebecca Reece ◽  
Joris C. Verster
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Real Life ◽  
General Level ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Alcohol Condition ◽  
Alcohol Hangover ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Thrill Seeking ◽  
The Impact

The current study evaluated the next day consequences of a social night of drinking compared to a no alcohol night, with standardised mood and portable screen-based performance measures assessed in the morning at participants’ homes, and a breathalyser screen for zero alcohol. A mixed sex group (n = 20) took part in the study. Participants reported consuming on average 16.9 units (135 g) alcohol, resulting in a hangover rating of 60 (out of 100) compared to 0.3 following the no alcohol night. Statistical significance comparisons contrasting the hangover with the no alcohol condition revealed an increase in negative mood and irritability during hangover and an (unexpected) increase in risk and thrill seeking. Performance scores showed an overall slowing of responses across measures, but with less impact on errors. The results support the description of hangover as a general state of cognitive impairment, reflected in slower responses and reduced accuracy across a variety of measures of cognitive function. This suggests a general level of impairment due to hangover, as well as increased negative mood. The use of a naturalistic design enabled the impact of more typical levels of alcohol associated with real life social consumption to be assessed, revealing wide ranging neurocognitive impairment with these higher doses. This study has successfully demonstrated the sensitivity of home-based assessment of the impact of alcohol hangover on a range of subjective and objective measures. The observed impairments, which may significantly impair daily activities such as driving a car or job performance, should be further investigated and taken into account by policy makers.

Factors That Can Interact with Familiarity

2019 ◽  
pp. 77-88
Author(s):  
Joanna Pozzulo
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Eyewitness Identification ◽  
Eyewitness Memory ◽  
Identification Accuracy ◽  
Personality Variables ◽  
Race Effect ◽  
The Impact

This chapter examines the role of estimator variables within eyewitness memory. Estimator variables are factors that occur during the time of the crime that may affect eyewitness identification accuracy. Various estimator variables are discussed, in conjunction with familiarity, to highlight how eyewitness recall and identification may be impacted. The chapter first discusses witness variables such as the role of the eyewitness (i.e., whether the witness is a bystander or a victim), the role of arousal during the time of the crime, the age of the witness, the cross-race effect, and personality variables that may impact identification accuracy. The chapter then discusses the challenges the criminal justice system faces when determining the impact of estimator variables on eyewitness identification accuracy and the need to consider these variables in conjunction with familiarity.

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