The use of inexpensive automatic sequential water collectors to study the processes leading to surface water acidification during rainfall and snowmelt events

1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 1857-1865
Author(s):  
G.J. Gaskin ◽  
J.D. Miller ◽  
A.W. Stuart
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Acidification ◽  
Surface Water Acidification

Mapping the relative risk of surface water acidification based on cumulative acid deposition over the past 25 years in Japan

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoyuki Yamashita ◽  
Hiroyuki Sase ◽  
Tsuyoshi Ohizumi ◽  
Junichi Kurokawa ◽  
Toshimasa Ohara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Acid Deposition ◽  
Water Acidification ◽  
The Past ◽  
Surface Water Acidification

Establishing past environmental conditions and tracking long-term environmental change in the Canadian Maritime provinces using lake sediments

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer B. Korosi ◽  
Brian K. Ginn ◽  
Brian F. Cumming ◽  
John P. Smol
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Water Acidification ◽  
Maritime Provinces ◽  
Freshwater Resources ◽  
Anthropogenic Stressors ◽  
Surface Water Acidification

Freshwater lakes in the Canadian Maritime provinces have been detrimentally influenced by multiple, often synergistic, anthropogenically-sourced environmental stressors. These include surface-water acidification (and a subsequent decrease in calcium loading to lakes); increased nutrient inputs; watershed development; invasive species; and climate change. While detailed studies of these stressors are often hindered by a lack of predisturbance monitoring information; in many cases, these missing data can be determined using paleolimnological techniques, along with inferences on the full extent of environmental change (and natural variability), the timing of changes, and linkages to probable causes for change. As freshwater resources are important for fisheries, agriculture, municipal drinking water, and recreational activities, among others, understanding long-term ecological changes in response to anthropogenic stressors is critical. To assess the impacts of the major water-quality issues facing freshwater resources in this ecologically significant region, a large number of paleolimnological studies have recently been conducted in Nova Scotia and southern New Brunswick. These studies showed that several lakes in southwestern Nova Scotia, especially those in Kejimkujik National Park, have undergone surface-water acidification (mean decline of 0.5 pH units) in response to local-source SO2 emissions and the long-range transport of airborne pollutants. There has been no measureable chemical or biological recovery since emission restrictions were enacted. Lakewater calcium (Ca) decline, a recently recognized environmental stressor that is inextricably linked to acidification, has negatively affected the keystone zooplankter Daphnia in at least two lakes in Nova Scotia (and likely more), with critical implications for aquatic food webs. A consistent pattern of increasing planktonic diatoms and scaled chrysophytes was observed in lakes across Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, suggesting that the strength and duration of lake thermal stratification has increased since pre-industrial times in response to warming temperatures (∼1.5 °C since 1870). These include three lakes near Bridgewater, Nova Scotia, that are among the last known habitat for critically endangered Atlantic whitefish (Coregonus huntsmani). Overall, these studies suggest that aquatic ecosystems in the Maritime Provinces are being affected by multiple anthropogenic stressors and paleolimnology can be effective for inferring the ecological implications of these stressors.

The Surface Water Acidification Project (SWAP) Palaeolimnology Programme

1990 ◽  
Vol 327 (1240) ◽  
pp. 227-232 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Lake Sediment ◽  
Water Acidification ◽  
Diatom Analysis ◽  
Atmospheric Contamination ◽  
Surface Water Acidification ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Water Acidity

Improvements in techniques of lake-sediment analysis over the last two decades have enabled palaeolimnologists to reconstruct changes in water acidity and atmospheric contamination with high resolution. In the Surface Water Acidification Project (SWAP) Palaeolimnology Programme these techniques have been used to trace the history of a range of specially selected study sites and to evaluate alternative causes for lake acidification. At the same time further improvements in some of the techniques, especially diatom analysis, have been made.

Surface-water acidification and extinction at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary

Geology ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven D'Hondt ◽  
Michael E. Q. Pilson ◽  
Haraldur Sigurdsson ◽  
Alfred K. Hanson, Jr. ◽  
Steven Carey
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Acidification ◽  
Surface Water Acidification

Diatom quality control and data handling

1990 ◽  
Vol 327 (1240) ◽  
pp. 257-261 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Data Handling ◽  
Water Acidification ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
Surface Water Acidification ◽  
Quality Control Techniques

The diatom data used for reconstructing pH within the Surface Water Acidification Project (SWAP) came from several different laboratories. The laboratories used agreed nomenclature and standardized identifications by using quality control techniques. A diatom database (disco) stored and processed counts and site information.

Spruce and surface water acidification: an extended summary

1990 ◽  
Vol 327 (1240) ◽  
pp. 371-372 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Agricultural Science ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Spruce Forest ◽  
Water Acidification ◽  
Surface Water Acidification ◽  
Forest Survey ◽  
Open Land ◽  
South Sweden

It has been proposed that vegetation and soil changes resulting from changes in land use cause surface-water acidification. The expansion of spruce forest, from natural colonization and from afforestation, has been one of the major changes that has taken place in the vegetation of South Sweden during this century. Spruce has been favoured at the expense of broad-leafed trees by forest management and has been planted on open land, abandoned farm land and in forests. Since the 1920s, the area covered by spruce forest has increased by 2.3 million haf in Gotaland and Svealand, and the frequency of spruce trees in the forests has increased from 11.5 to 33.5% (data from Department of Forest Survey, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Umea). Gotaland and Svealand comprise the southernmost third of Sweden, the area that suffers most from lake acidification. Spruce colonization alters soil conditions. In several investigations, in which conditions in spruce and birch stands have been compared, significantly lower pH values have been recorded in spruce forest soils. It has been suggested that spruce expansion also leads to lake-water acidification, but this has not been confirmed. Unfortunately, it is difficult to design an investigation aimed at studying the acidification effects of spruce forest under prevailing levels of atmospheric pollution because there are problems in distinguishing between true vegetation-soil effects, effects of air pollution, and combined effects. To assess whether spruce forest per se causes lake-water acidification, we have studied the effects of the natural immigration of spruce that reached northern Sweden from the northeast about 3000 years ago, before there was any acid precipitation from fossil-fuel combustion. Palaeoecological studies indicate that spruce colonized land that was occupied by birch, alder and pine.

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