A twin study of smoking, nicotine dependence, and major depression in men

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Lyons ◽  
Brian Hitsman ◽  
Hong Xian ◽  
Matthew Panizzon ◽  
Beth Jerskey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Twin Study

scholarly journals Common Genetic Risk of Major Depression and Nicotine Dependence: The Contribution of Antisocial Traits in a United States Veteran Male Twin Cohort

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 470-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Fu ◽  
Andrew C. Heath ◽  
Kathleen K. Bucholz ◽  
Michael J. Lyons ◽  
Ming T. Tsuang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Predominantly White ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Genetic Risk Factors ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Genetic Influences ◽  
Vietnam Era ◽  
Shared Genetic

AbstractMany studies that found associations between depression and nicotine dependence have ignored possible shared genetic influences associated with antisocial traits. The present study examined the contribution of genetic and environmental effects associated with conduct disorder (CD) and antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) to the comorbidity of major depression (MD) and nicotine dependence (ND). A telephone diagnostic interview, the Diagnostic Interview Schedule-III-R, was administered to eligible twins from the Vietnam Era Twin (VET) Registry in 1992. Multivariate genetic models were fitted to 3360 middle-aged and predominantly white twin pairs (1868 monozygotic, 1492 dizygotic pairs) of which both members completed the pertinent diagnostic interview sections. Genetic influences on CD accounted for 100%, 68%, and 50% of the total genetic variance in risk for ASPD, MD and ND, respectively. After controlling for genetic influences on CD, the partial genetic correlation between MD and ND was no longer statistically significant. Nonshared environmental contributions to the comorbidity among these disorders were not significant. This study not only demonstrates that the comorbidity between ND and MD is influenced by common genetic risk factors, but also further suggests that the common genetic risk factors overlapped with those for antisocial traits such as CD and ASPD in men.

Nicotine dependence is associated with depression and childhood trauma in smokers with schizophrenia. Results from the Face-SZ dataset

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s831-s831
Author(s):  
R. Rey ◽  
T. D’amato ◽  
P.M. Llorca ◽  
G. Fond
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire ◽  
Personalized Care ◽  
Questionnaire Score

IntroductionIn a perspective of personalized care for smoking cessation, a better clinical characterization of smokers with schizophrenia (SZ) is needed. The objective of this study was to determine the clinical characteristics of SZ smokers with severe nicotine (NIC) dependence.MethodsTwo hundred and forty stabilized community-dwelling SZ smokers (mean age = 31.9 years, 80.4% male gender) were consecutively included in the network of the FondaMental Expert Centers for schizophrenia and assessed with validated scales. Severe NIC dependence was defined by a Fagerstrom questionnaire score ≥7. Major depression was defined by a Calgary score ≥6. Childhood trauma was self-reported by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire score (CTQ). Ongoing psychotropic treatment was recorded.ResultsSevere NIC dependence was identified in 83 subjects (34.6%), major depression in 60 (26.3%). 44 (22.3%) subjects were treated by antidepressants. In a multivariate model, severe NIC dependence remained associated with major depression (OR = 3.155, P = 0.006), male gender (OR = 4.479, P = 0.009) and more slightly with childhood trauma (OR = 1.032, P = 0.044), independently of socio-demographic characteristics, psychotic symptoms severity, psychotropic treatments and alcohol disorder.ConclusionNIC dependence was independently and strongly associated with respectively major depression and male gender in schizophrenia, and only slightly with history of childhood trauma. Based on these results, the care of both nicotine dependence and depression should be evaluated for an effective smoking cessation intervention in schizophrenia. Bupropion, an antidepressant that has been found as the potential most effective strategy for tobacco cessation in schizophrenia to date, may be particularly relevant in male SZ smokers with comorbid major depression.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Self-efficacy to refrain from smoking predicted by major depression and nicotine dependence

2004 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 857-866 ◽  
Author(s):  
U John ◽  
C Meyer ◽  
H.-J Rumpf ◽  
U Hapke
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Self Efficacy

scholarly journals Association of major depression with subtypes of nicotine dependence found among adult daily smokers: A latent class analysis

2009 ◽  
Vol 104 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 126-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda J. Manley ◽  
Peter de Jonge ◽  
Trace S. Kershaw ◽  
Rani A. Desai ◽  
Haiqun Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Class Analysis

scholarly journals Risk Factors Influencing Smoking Behavior: A Turkish Twin Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 563-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevgi Yurt Öncel ◽  
Danielle M. Dick ◽  
Hermine H. Maes ◽  
Fazil Alıev
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Twin Study ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Smoking Initiation ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Shared Environmental Influence

Aim: In this study, we introduce the first twin study in Turkey, focusing on smoking behavior, and laying the foundation to register all twins born in Turkey for research purposes. Using Turkish twins will contribute to our understanding of health problems in the context of cultural differences. Materials and methods: We assessed 309 twin pairs (339 males and 279 females) aged between 15 and 45 years living in the Kırıkkale and Ankara regions of Turkey, and administered a health and lifestyle interview that included questions about smoking status and smoking history. We analyzed the data using descriptive statistics, t-tests, chi-square tests, and bivariate and multivariate clustered logistic regression. In addition, we fit bivariate Structural Equation Models (SEM) to determine contributions of latent genetic and environmental factors to smoking outcomes in this sample. Results: One hundred seventy-eight participants (28.8%) were identified as smokers, smoking every day for a month or longer, of whom 79.2% were males and 20.8% were females. Mean values for number of cigarettes per day and the Fagerstrom Test of Nicotine Dependence (FTND; Fagerstrom, 1978) score were higher in males than in females, and age of onset was earlier in males. There was a significant positive correlation between the FTND score and number of cigarettes smoked per day, and a significant negative correlation between both variables and age at onset of smoking. Our study showed that gender, presence of a smoking twin in the family, age, alcohol use, marital status, daily sports activities, and feeling moody all played a significant role in smoking behavior among twins. The twin analysis suggested that 79.5% of the liability to FTND was influenced by genetic factors and 20.5% by unique environment, while familial resemblance for smoking initiation was best explained by common environmental factors. Conclusions: Marked differences in the prevalence of smoking behavior in men versus women were observed for the Turkish population. Genetic analyses showed that common environmental factors primarily contributed to smoking initiation, while genetic factors explained a greater proportion of variance in liability to nicotine dependence. Our study shows higher heritability estimate of the FTND scores and higher shared environmental influence on smoking initiation for both males and females than reported in previous studies.

Major depression and cigarette smoking: results of a 21-year longitudinal study

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 1357-1367 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. FERGUSSON ◽  
R. D. GOODWIN ◽  
L. J. HORWOOD
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Daily Smoking ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Behavioural Factors

Background. The aim of this paper was to examine the association between major depression and cigarette smoking among young adults in a birth cohort before and after adjusting for confounding factors.Method. Data were gathered over the course of the Christchurch Health and Development Study (CHDS). The CHDS is a longitudinal study of a birth cohort of 1265 New Zealand children studied to age 21. Data were gathered by interview on: (a) major depression over the period 16–21 years; (b) daily smoking and nicotine dependence over the period from 16–21 years. In addition, the study included extensive information on social, family, and behavioural factors in childhood and adolescence.Results. Young people meeting DSM-IV criteria for major depression had elevated rates of daily smoking and nicotine dependence. These associations were reduced substantially by control for potential confounding child and adolescent factors. Nonetheless, even after such control, major depression was associated with increased rates of daily smoking (IRR=1·19; 95% CI=1·03, 1·39) and elevated rates of nicotine dependence (OR=1·75; 95% CI=1·13, 2·70).Conclusions. The results suggest that much of the association between smoking and depression reflects common confounding factors that are associated with both outcomes. Nonetheless, even after control for these factors there is evidence of a possible causal linkage between smoking and depression. The direction of causality between smoking and depression remains unknown.

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