Bioactive flavonoids from plant extract of Pyrethrum pulchrum and its acute toxicity

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Uugangerel Erdenetsogt ◽  
Suvd Nadmid ◽  
Constanze Paulus ◽  
Ganchimeg Chanagsuren ◽  
Erdenechimeg Dolgor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Plant Extract

Sub-acute toxicity of a hydro-ethanolic whole plant extract of Synedrella nodiflora (L) Gaertn in rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Amoateng ◽  
Dorcas Osei-Safo ◽  
Clement Sasu ◽  
BenoitBanga N′guessan ◽  
Phyllis Addo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Synedrella Nodiflora

scholarly journals ACUTE TOXICITY STUDY OF THE LEAVES ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF PICRIA FEL-TERRAE LOUR.

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Popi Patilaya ◽  
Dadang Irfan Husori ◽  
Imam Bagus Sumantri ◽  
Simon Sihombing
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Liver And Kidney

 Objective: Picria fel-terrae belongs to family Linderniaceae is also known as Pugun tano by Indonesian people. The ethanolic extract of plant leaves has several potential pharmacological activities including antidiabetic, anthelmintic, and antioxidant. However, the toxicity of the plant extract is rarely explored. This work was to investigate toxicity of the leaf ethanolic extract of P. fel-terrae on Artemia salina and male mice.Methods: Acute toxicity of the plant extract was studied by in vitro and in vivo methods. In vitro study was carried out by exposing nauplii to the plant extract at concentrations of 10, 100, 200, 500, and 1000 μg/ml for 48 h. In vivo study was performed on male mice that divided into four groups. Groups I, II, III, and IV were treated with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 0.5%, the ethanolic extract of plant leaves at doses of 1000, 2000, and 5000 mg/kg bw, respectively. The animal toxic symptoms were observed every day for 14 days. On day 15, the blood of mice was collected to measure alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and creatinine levels. The effects of plant extract on vital animal organs such as heart, liver, and kidney were also studied. Statistical analysis of data was performed using analysis of variance and followed by Tukey post hoc.Results: The results showed that the leaf ethanolic extract of P. fel-terrae to have weakly toxicity on A. salina with the LC50 of 768.07 μg/ml. At in vivo studies, the toxic symptoms of mice were not identified during experiment with all doses of the plant extract for 14 days. In addition, aspartate aminotransferase and creatinine levels were no significantly different between control and all treatment groups (p>0.05). However, alanine aminotransferase level changed when mice were exposed by the plant extract at the doses of 2.000 and 5.000 mg/kg bw. Although the mice were not dead during experiment, the animal organs such as heart, liver, and kidney were histologically changed.Conclusion: This study suggests that the ethanolic extract of P. fel-terrae leaves has weakly toxicity on A. salina and causes histological changes on male mice organs at the high doses.

scholarly journals Neutralisation of Local Haemorrhage Induced by the Saw-Scaled ViperEchis carinatus sochurekiVenom Using Ethanolic Extract ofHibiscus aethiopicusL.

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Hasson ◽  
M. S. Al-Balushi ◽  
E. A. Said ◽  
O. Habbal ◽  
M. A. Idris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Snake Venom ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Endogenous Inhibitor ◽  
Local Plant ◽  
Standard Techniques

The objective of the study is to investigate the anti-snake venom activities of a local plant,Hibiscus aethiopicusL. TheH. aethiopicuswas dried and extracted with ethanol. Different assays were performed according to standard techniques, to evaluate the plant’s acute toxicity and its antivenom activities. The results of evaluating the systemic acute toxicity of theH. aethiopicusextract using “oral and intra-peritoneal” route were normal even at the highest dose (24 g/kg) tested. All guinea pigs (n=3) when treated with venomsE. c. sochureki(75 μg) alone induced acute skin haemorrhage. In contrast, all guinea pigs (n=18) treated with both venom and the plant extract at a concentration between 500 and 1000 mg/kg showed no signs of haemorrhage. Moreover, all guinea pigs (n=18) treated with venom and the plant extract below 400 mg/kg showed acute skin haemorrhage. All guinea pigs treated with venomE. c. sochureki(75 μg) alone induced acute skin haemorrhage after both 24 and 32 hours. In contrast, all guinea pigs treated with both venom and the plant extract (administered independently) at concentrations between 500 and 1000 mg/kg showed no signs of haemorrhage after 32 hours. However, after 24 hours all tested guinea pigs showed less inhibition (<60%) compared to that obtained after 32 hours. The outcome of this study reflects that the extract ofH. aethiopicusplant may contain an endogenous inhibitor of venom induced local haemorrhage.

scholarly journals Acute Toxicity and Anti-diarrhoeal Activity of Aqueous Extract of Aerial ‎Parts of Hygrophila Auriculata in Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
S. I. Salihu ◽  
A. Telta ◽  
M. Chiroma ◽  
N. Daniel ◽  
C. Yakubu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Cardiac Glycosides ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Intestinal Contents ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents

Hygrophila auriculata (H. auricalata) plant extract was studied for it phytochemical constituents, acute toxicity and its anti-diarrhoea ‎l activity in albino rats using standard procedure. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of cardiac glycosides, terpenoids and saponins. The acute toxicity of the extract was above 2000 mg/kg b. wt which is slightly toxic. The result of castor oil induced diarrhoea ‎ model indicates that the extract at all test doses was significant (p<0.05). Similarly, the extract produced a significant (p<0.05) decline in the weight and volume of intestinal contents at all tested doses. In addition, a significant (p<0.05) reduction in the gastrointestinal motility in charcoal meal test was also observed in all doses of the extract administered. This activity may be attributed to the presence of the identified phytchemicals in the plant extract. The results in this study confirmed the ‎anti-diarrhoea. ‎ ‎l activity of the aerial part of H. auriculata and hence support the folkloric believe and provide the scientific basis for the traditional use of this plant in the treatment of diarrhoea.

Bioassay guided phytochemistry of aerial part of Laportea Aestuans (l.) chew (urticaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
S.A. Oguntimehin ◽  
A.O. Oriola ◽  
E.M. Obuotor ◽  
A.J. Aladesanmi
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Butyl Ester ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study ◽  
Tlc Bioautography ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay

There are evidences that free radicals mediated damages play important role in the aetiology of several diseases necessitating search for  antioxidants especially from natural origin. Free radical scavenging activities of Laportea aestuans (Urticaceae) is well documented, therefore this study aims at evaluating the safety of L. aestuans and isolating free radical scavenging compound(s) from the plant extract. The aerial (leaves, stem and inflorescence) parts of L. aestuans were collected together and extracted with 80% methanol. The toxicity of the plant extract was evaluated using brine shrimp lethality assay and acute toxicity study while Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) bioautography with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl radical (DPPH•) radical as detection reagent was used to guide the isolation of compounds from the plant extract. The LC50 of L. aestuans extract was 4276.87 µg/mL, suggesting that the extract is nontoxic. This was further confirmed by the healthiness of study rats following administration of the extract at 5000 mg/kg b.wt in the acute toxicity study. TLC bioautography showed that hexane fraction had the most pronounced radical scavenging activities. Three compounds identified as hexadecanoic acid butyl ester, heptadecanoic and octadecane were characterized using IR, 1H, 13C NMR, ESI – MS and GC – MS analysis.

scholarly journals Phytochemical, acute toxicity and renal protective appraisal of Ajuga parviflora hydromethanolic leaf extract against CCl4 induced renal injury in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samiullah Burki ◽  
Zeba Gul Burki ◽  
Muhammad Arif Asghar ◽  
Imdad Ali ◽  
Saba Zafar
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Elevated Level ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽  
Physiological Level ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Urine And Serum

Abstract Background Degenerative kidney diseases are mostly associated with oxidative stress. Natural products are considered as the antioxidants enrich food that can restrict the progress of oxidative stress induced disorders. Therefore, the present study was aimed to evaluate the renal protective effect of Ajuga parviflora leaf extract in carbon tetrachloride intoxicated rats. Methods The hydromethanolic extract of A. parviflora leaves was obtained by extracting twice in 60% methanol. The principal bioactive constituents were detected by LC/MS analysis. Toxicity of plant extract was assessed using brine shrimp lethal toxicity test and acute toxicity model on healthy Sprague-Dawley male rats. Nephroprotective effects of plant extract were also evaluated on rats by inducing CCl4 renal toxicity in comparison with positive control and naïve groups. The dose of A. parviflora administered to animal was 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg. All administrations were given orally on an alternate day basis for 30 days. Urine and serum biomarkers were analyzed, along with antioxidant enzymes. Finally, the DNA damages, lipid peroxides, hydrogen peroxides and nitrites were assessed in rat’s renal tissue. The histopathology alterations in renal tissues were further studied for kidney damages. Results The LC/MS analysis confirmed the presence of different important pharmacological compounds in A. parviflora methanolic leaf extract. The key bioactive compounds include pyocyanin, zonisamide, D Saccharic acid, altretamine, carbocyclic thromboxane A2, Sinapyl alcohol, and vitamin C. The important polypeptides identified include Lys-Tyr-Lys, His-His-Lys, Met-Asp-Arg, Phe-Val-Arg, and PyroGlu-Val-Arg. The LD50 of A. parviflora was found to be > 1000 μg/mL. A. parviflora administration significantly subsides CCl4 toxicity in rats, reduced the elevated level of RBCs, pus and epithelial cells. The abnormal elevated level of specific gravity, creatinine, urobilinogen, urea and albumin were also reduced to normal physiological level. The reduced urinary protein and pH were also normalized. The serum urobilinogen, urea and total bilirubin levels were also reversed to normal levels while the diminished albumin and total protein levels also came to normal. The important phase I and II enzyme levels were also reversed in A. parviflora administered rats. The H2O2, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) and nitrite levels were significantly decreased. Furthermore, the damaged DNA and histopathological changes in CCl4 exposed rats were also highly significantly reversed after the administration of A. parviflora. All effects were significant (P < 0.05) and highly significant (P < 0.005) at 100 and 300 mg/kg respectively. Conclusion The restored urine and serum profile of various parameters to normal physiological levels suggests that the A. parviflora has potential antioxidant and repairing potential in renal disorders.

scholarly journals Acute and sub-acute toxicity study of Trema orientalis (L.) Bl. methanol extract in rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-s) ◽  
pp. 307-311
Author(s):  
T Hemalatha ◽  
D Ahino Mary ◽  
A Saravana Ganthi
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Normal Limit ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Herbal Remedy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Trema Orientalis ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Powder Extract

The medicinal plants find wide applications in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, agricultural and food industry. Trema orientalis has emerged as a good source of phytomedicine. T. orientalis has beneficial therapeutic properties, and indicates that it has potential as an effective herbal remedy for several diseases.  The present study was undertaken to evaluate the acute and sub-acute toxicity of methanol powder extract of aerial part of Trema orientalis. There were no major changes in the body weight of animal treated with plant extract. The biochemical parameters like ALP, SGPT, SGOT, total protein, globulin, albumin and bilirubin were within the normal limit in the plant extract treated groups of animals. The present study shows that the methanolic extract of Trema orientalis is safe in lower dose for pharmaceutical analysis. Keywords: Acute toxicity, biochemical parameters, Sub-acute toxicity, Trema orientalis

scholarly journals Evaluation of Acute and Sub-acute Toxicity of the Aqueous Extract from the Fruit of Solanum indicum Linn. (Solanaceae) in Rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Nadine Joissy Epoh ◽  
Olivette Laure Matafack Dongmo ◽  
Herve Tchoumbou Tadjoua ◽  
Félicité Mbiapo Tchouanguep ◽  
Phelix Bruno Telefo
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Serum Urea ◽  
Solanum Indicum

Aim: The fruit of Solanum indicum Linn have been reported traditionally to have anti-hypertensive and diuretic properties. This study was undertaken to evaluate the toxicological potential of S. indicum fruits aqueous extract through the acute and sub-acute toxicity tests in rats. Methodology: For acute toxicity evaluation, a single oral dose of 5000 mg/kg of the plant extract was administrated in 60 days old female albino Wistar rats. Then, the animals were observed for 14 days. Sub-acute toxicity studies were conducted with 50 adult rats of both gender that orally received during 28 days, increasing doses of the plant extract. Their body weight and food intake were weekly collected. At the end of the experiment, biochemical and hematological parameters as well as histological analysis of organs (liver, kidneys and spleen) were undertaken. Results: Single oral administration of 5000 mg/kg dose of the fruit plant aqueous extract produced no mortality or signs of toxicity. During sub-acute test, no variations in body weight and food intake of both animals gender were observed. An important decrease in male’s rat liver weight were obtained at the dose 25 mg/kg; serum urea, total cholesterol, TAG, ALP and AST levels were significantly lowered in male especially at the dose 50 mg/kg, but this decrease was noticed only in serum urea, ALP and ALT in female rats. Furthermore, a significant decrease in platelets number, serum PCT, MPV and PDW levels were recorded in all treated male rats except those receiving the highest extract dose. No structural changes in treated animal organs section histology were observed when compared to controls. Conclusion: The fruits aqueous extracts of S. indicum is safe when administered acutely and for 28 days in rats. However, alterations on their hematological and biochemical parameters were not closely related with the dose, implying caution on its use.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document