State Aid for Independent News Journalism in the Public Interest? A Critical Debate of Government Funding Models and Principles, the Market Failure Paradigm, and Policy Efficacy

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 720-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Clemens Murschetz
1990 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
RK Lindner

The issue addressed in this paper is the appropriate source of funding for rangeland rehabilitation. Two subsidmy questions are pertinent to this policy issue. Is it profitable for private managers of pastoral properties to rehabilitate rangeland? If not, then on what grounds might it be in the public interest to do so? Evidence is presented that it is privately profitable to rehabilitate slightly to moderately degraded range, by destocking during seasons when there are good prospects for seedlings to become established, but otherwise matching the stocking rate to feed availability. Conversely, it is unprofitable to rehabilitate severely degraded range unless the cost of reseeding is subsidized by at least $5/ha. The relevance of various market failure arguments to the case for public fun- of rangeland rehabilitation to the extent of $100million is discussed, and the need to estimate the existence value of rangelands vis a vis other conservation goals is identified.


Prawo ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 322 ◽  
pp. 89-100
Author(s):  
Anna Solner

The institution of granting tax relief in the repayment of obligation resulting from the European funds refundThe purpose of this article is to indicate principles of granting tax relief in the repayment of obli­gations resulting from the European funds refund based on the administrative resolution given by the administrative body in cases when European funds disbursed as part of operational programmes were used contrary to its intended purpose, with violating procedures, charged undue or in the ex­cess height. The article distinguishes three types of tax relief: redemption in one piece or in part, postponing the repayment and spreading in instalments. It determines detailed principles of granting tax break for beneficiaries of not drivers of the business activity as well as for entrepreneurs, granted at the request of the beneficiary, as well as ex officio. The article is defining premises of granting these concessions i.e. the important interest of the taxpayer or the public interest. It is clarifying the principles of basing the administrative resolution on the administrative recognition and in case of entrepreneurs with reference to tax relieves constituting the state aid. The institution of granting concessions in the repayment is the exception from the principle of the universality and the equality of regulating these obligations. Irrespective of the entity initiating proceedings, relief can be granted only where justified, within the limits closely defined by the law. Granting it constitutes privilege of the beneficiary more than a rule.


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