scholarly journals VOLUME CHANGES, ION EXCHANGES, AND FRAGILITIES OF HUMAN RED CELLS IN SOLUTIONS OF THE CHLORIDES OF THE ALKALINE EARTHS

1953 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 767-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Ponder
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Marked Effect ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Concentrated Solutions ◽  
Red Cell Volume ◽  
Alkaline Earths ◽  
The Media ◽  
Human Red Cells

1. Concentrations of BaCl2, MgCl2, SrCl2, and CaCl2 can be found in which the volume of washed human red cells remains almost unchanged for short periods of time; in more concentrated solutions the cells shrink, and in less concentrated ones they swell. Between tonicities of about 1.5 and 0.75, the van't Hoff-Mariotte law applies roughly, but at lower tonicities the red cell volume is anomalously great, sometimes in the absence of hemolysis. 2. If the cells are allowed to stand at 4°C. in the media of different tonicities, the volume changes are not maintained. The volumes decrease in a complex way, and the decreases are accompanied by a loss of K from the cells and an entry of the external cation into them. 3. With two exceptions, these ion exchanges are not accompanied by any important changes in the osmotic, mechanical, or heat fragility of the red cells. The exceptions are a marked effect of BaCl2 on heat fragmentation, and of CaCl2 on osmotic and mechanical fragilities.

Measurement of circulating red cell volume using biotin-labeled red cells: validation against 51Cr-labeled red cells

Transfusion ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Mock ◽  
Gary L. Lankford ◽  
John A. Widness ◽  
Leon F. Burmeister ◽  
Daniel Kahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Red Cell Volume

Circulating and tissue hematocrits of normal unanesthetized mice

1959 ◽  
Vol 196 (2) ◽  
pp. 420-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julius J. Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Volume Data ◽  
Red Cell Volume ◽  
Volume Measurements ◽  
Total Body

The circulating and tissue hematocrits of normal unanesthetized mice were determined by means of independent red cell and plasma volume measurements. The red cell volume-indicator which was used in this study was radioiron (Fe59) tagged red cells. The plasma volume data were derived by means of radioiodine (I131) labeled serum albumin and were reported earlier (Friedman, Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 88: 323, 1955). The hematocrits of the various tissues were found to be: for spleen 51.3, lung 47.9, muscle 49.9, liver 38.9, intestine, 32.2, skin 29.2 and kidney 24.0%. The total body hematocrit was 35.4% as compared to 48.4 for venous blood. All tissues, with the exception of spleen and lung, contained hematocrits which were lower than that of venous blood suggesting the presence of some mechanism within the various tissues which is capable of effectively separating plasma from red cells.

Quantitative measurement of erythropoiesis in the dog

1960 ◽  
Vol 198 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Weissman ◽  
T. A. Waldmann ◽  
N. I. Berlin
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Quantitative Measurement ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Red Cell Volume ◽  
Cell Life ◽  
Red Cell Survival

The quantitative measurement of erythropoiesis requires the simultaneous determination of total red cell volume, rate of production of red cells and the red cell life span. The total red cell volume was measured with autologous Cr51-labeled red cells, the rate of production of red cells from the rate of disappearance of radioiron from the plasma and uptake by red cells, the red cell life span with C14-labeled glycine and the apparent red cell survival T1/2 with Cr51. The average total red cell volume of the dogs studied was 38.6 cc/kg; the plasma radioiron T1/2 was 66 minutes; the red cell radio-iron uptake was 80%; the serum iron was 102 µg/100 cc, and the plasma volume calculated from the peripheral hematocrit and total red cell volume was 46 cc/kg, and from the extrapolation to t0 of the radioiron disappearance was 48 cc/kg. From these figures the plasma iron turnover was calculated to be 0.63 mg/kg/day and the red cell iron renewal rate 1.26%/day. The average red cell life span was 108 days; the average apparent T1/2 of Cr51 red cell survival was 24.3 days; the average elution rate of Cr51 was 1.77%/day.

Red cell volume changes during hypertonie suspension and isotonic resuspension

Cryobiology ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 580-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.T. Meryman ◽  
M. Bakry ◽  
M. Douglas
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Red Cell Volume

scholarly journals Osmotic Properties of Human Red Cells

1964 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Savitz ◽  
Victor W. Sidel ◽  
A. K. Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Osmotic Coefficient ◽  
Anomalous Behavior ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Solute Leakage ◽  
True Measure ◽  
Osmotic Properties ◽  
Volume Cell ◽  
Human Red Cells

The hematocrit method as a technique for determining red cell volume under anisotonic conditions has been reexamined and has been shown, with appropriate corrections for trapped plasma, to provide a true measure of cell volume. Cell volume changes in response to equilibration in anisotonic media were found to be much less than those predicted for an ideal osmometer; this anomalous behavior cannot be explained by solute leakage or by the changing osmotic coefficient of hemoglobin, but is quantitatively accounted for by the hypothesis that 20 per cent of intracellular water is bound to hemoglobin and is unavailable for participation in osmotic shifts.

Alterations in tissue blood volume induced by tourniquet application

1960 ◽  
Vol 198 (4) ◽  
pp. 886-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Peripheral Circulation ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
The Other ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Red Cell Volume ◽  
Resistance Vessels ◽  
Venous Resistance

The application of occluding tourniquets to both hind legs of unanesthetized mice produced widespread changes in the distribution of plasma and red cells throughout the peripheral circulation. Following tourniquet application the plasma volume within all tissues declined except for lung which remained unaltered and muscle which exhibited an increase. The red cell volume changed variably, declining in liver and spleen, rising in kidney and muscle and remaining unchanged in the other tissues analyzed. These changes were suggestive of a somewhat generalized increase in peripherovascular constrictor activity which included venous resistance vessels in addition to arterioles.

Mixing of Labeled Erythrocytes in the Dog's Spleen

1958 ◽  
Vol 195 (3) ◽  
pp. 628-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Kraintz ◽  
J. de Boer ◽  
E. L. Smith ◽  
R. A. Huggins
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Spleen Size ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Red Cell Volume ◽  
Minute Period

Dogs anesthetized with morphine-pentobarbital were injected with Cr51-tagged red cells, and their mixing time in the general circulation and the spleen was compared. The necessary blood samples were taken and the spleens rapidly excised at 10, 20 or 30 minutes after the injection of the tagged red cells. When the data were grouped according to the size of the spleen and irrespective of the time of removal, the mixing of tagged red cells in small spleens was practically the same as in the general circulation. With increasing sizes of spleens the mixing appeared to be progressively less complete than in the general circulation. If the spleen size was disregarded and the data grouped according to the time after the injections of tagged red cells mixing in the spleen was still incomplete after 30 minutes. However, the maximum mean possible error that could be introduced into the determination of total red cell volume if all the unmixed red cells were ejected into the general circulation would be less than 5% at the 20-minute period.

scholarly journals Adrenergic Swelling of Nucleated Erythrocytes: Cellular Mechanisms in a Bird, Domestic Goose, and two Teleosts, Striped Bass and Rainbow Trout

1984 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
MIKKO NIKINMAA ◽  
WRAY H. HUESTIS
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Intracellular Ph ◽  
Striped Bass ◽  
Incubation Medium ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Loosely Coupled

The mechanism of adrenergic swelling and associated pH changes was investigated in avian (goose) and teleost (striped bass and rainbow trout) erythrocytes. The swelling of goose red cells was probably caused by Na+/K+/Cl− co-transport and consecutive osmotic flow of water into the cell. Goose red cells swelled when exposed to isoproterenol in the presence of elevated extracellular K+, but not at physiological K+ concentrations. The swelling was quantitatively inhibited by furosemide, and by removing Cl− from the incubation medium, but was not affected by DIDS. The isoproterenol-induced swelling of fish erythrocytes may be due to loosely coupled Na+/H+ and Cl−/HCO3− exchanges. Furosemide did not completely inhibit the swelling of striped bass red cells. The cell volume increased even if K+ was completely removed from the incubation medium. In contrast, both DIDS and amiloride treatment, and the removal of Na+ from the incubation medium, inhibited the volume changes. In fish red cells the swelling is associated with a clear acidification of the medium and alkalinization of the red cell contents. This phenomenon was most pronounced when the cells were treated simultaneously with DIDS and isoproterenol; the intracellular pH became higher than the extracellular one. Both amiloride and removal of Na+ from the incubation medium prevented the reversal of the transmembrane pH gradient in cells treated simultaneously with DIDS and isoproterenol.

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