scholarly journals Change in dissolved oxygen concentrations during aeration and mixing using a combined system

2021 ◽  
Vol 900 (1) ◽  
pp. 012039
Author(s):  
V Singrova ◽  
P Hlustik
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Combined System ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Oxygen Concentrations

Abstract Combined mixing and aeration systems are not given priority in the Czech Republic. Still, they are installed at several WWTPs. Their advantage is mixing and aerating at the same time. This article provides data from actual measurements where a combined system was used for drinking water including necessary chemicals. The text below evaluates the course of changes in the concentration of dissolved oxygen in different points in the reactor depending on time.

Monitoring of pesticides in drinking water: finding the right balance between under- and over-monitoring – experience from the Czech Republic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filip Kotal ◽  
František Kožíšek ◽  
Hana Jeligová ◽  
Adam Vavrouš ◽  
Daniel Gari Wayessa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Right

The modern, risk-based approach requires that only those pollutants which are likely to be present in a given water supply should be monitored in drinking water. From this perspective, defining...

scholarly journals Evaluation of the SWAT model as an integrated management tool in the Švihov drinking water supply catchment

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 76-83
Author(s):  
Jan Gregar ◽  
Jan Petrů ◽  
Jana Novotná
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
The Czech Republic

Švihov dam, the largest drinking water source in the Czech Republic and Central Europe, has problems with eutrophication. The Švihov dam catchment spreads over 1200 km<sup>2</sup> and supplies over 1.5 million people in the capital of Prague and the Central Bohemian region with drinking water. Due to intensive agricultural activities and a lack of wastewater treatment plants in small settlements, the water quality is deteriorating. As a result, corrective measures need to be taken. Technological Agency of the Czech Republic supported this research which proposes different scenarios for a reduction of water quality degradation in the dam. The Trnávka dam watershed was chosen for study purposes as it occupies one quarter of the Švihov dam watershed. Hydrological balance was established using measured data. Point and non-point sources of nutrients were determined by field research and included in a Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. This study aims to propose complex watershed management to improve the state of the environment in the entire area and to reduce eutrophication. Different management practices would reduce nutrient loads of streams and increase water quality which is the critical factor in dam eutrophication. This research brings methodology and systematic approach to integrated management, and can be applied not only for the Švihov dam, but also for other watersheds, including those which function as drinking water supply.

Technological and hygienic consequences of reservoirs eutrophication in the Czech Republic

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alena Sládecková ◽  
Ladislav Žácek
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Algal Toxins ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Special Cases

More than one half of drinking water demand in the Czech Republic is covered by surface water resources. The most frequent problems of the water treatment and supply are caused by the eutrophication of reservoirs. Biological parameters of drinking water quality based upon the microscopic analysis are included in local standards and commonly used in water works laboratories. Several new methods and criteria have been elaborated: microscopic evaluation of the separation efficiency of water treatment, categorization of microorganisms according to their separability, a screening bioassay for the assessment of biological stability of the water in course of the treatment and distribution, biological indicators of the eutrophication degree of reservoirs and their tributaries. A set of supplementary biological methods and criteria for special cases was published. Algal toxins have been detected not only in cyanobacterial water blooms in reservoirs but also in periphyton layers growing in different units of water works treatment trains. Two examples of the integrated system approach to the water supply from eutrophicated reservoirs inclusive of proposed preventive and remedial measures are selected from a recently finished extensive research project. Improvement actions in the resources protection, water works design and operation, laboratory control system and legislation are recommended.

scholarly journals Survey of human pharmaceuticals in drinking water in the Czech Republic

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frantisek Kozisek ◽  
Ivana Pomykacova ◽  
Hana Jeligova ◽  
Vaclav Cadek ◽  
Veronika Svobodova
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Large Scale Assessment ◽  
Public Water Systems ◽  
Initial Survey

The first large-scale assessment of pharmaceuticals in drinking water in the Czech Republic (CR) focused on the detection of five substances. Samples were collected from public water systems supplying 5.3 million people, 50.5% of the Czech population. In the initial survey of tap water from 92 major supply zones using mostly surface water, no pharmaceutical exceeded the limit of quantification (LOQ = 0.5 ng/L). In a second survey, samples were collected from the outlet of 23 water treatment plants (WTPs) considered of high risk because they use surface waters influenced by wastewater. Ibuprofen was the most frequently found pharmaceutical (19 samples), followed by carbamazepine (12), naproxen (8), and diclofenac (3); concentrations ranged from 0.5 to 20.7 ng/L, with medians below 6 ng/L. Concentrations of 17α-ethinylestradiol were below the LOQ. A follow-up survey included tap and outlet samples from eight of the 23 WTPs with the highest concentrations. Pharmaceuticals were quantified in only three tap water samples. Regarding risks to consumers, these results suggest that a relatively small population (&lt;10%) in the CR is exposed to quantifiable concentrations of pharmaceuticals in tap water and that an extremely high margin of safety (several thousand-fold to several million-fold) is associated with these exposures.

Contamination of drinking water in the Czech Republic by microcystins

2003 ◽  
Vol 158 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludek Bláha ◽  
Blahoslav Maršálek
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
The Czech Republic

APPLICATION OF RAINFALL-RUNOFF MODEL: CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS ON RESERVOIR INFLOW

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kateřina Knoppová ◽  
◽  
Daniel Marton ◽  
Petr Štěpánek ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Hydrological Modelling ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Hydrological Conditions ◽  
Reservoir Inflow

The impacts of climate change are beginning to be felt in the Czech Republic. In recent years, we were challenging a dry period, which threatens to continue affecting Czech economy, agriculture and personal comfort of local people. The need to adapt to climate change is obvious. The groundwater resources are in continuous decline, consequently, the surface water supplies are increasing in importance. How would the quantity of available water change in the future? How much water would we be able to store within the year to manage it during the dry seasons? Rainfall-runoff models enable us to simulate future changes in hydrological conditions based on climate projections. One of such tools is Runoff Prophet, the conceptual lumped model being developed at the Institute of Landscape Water Management at Brno University of Technology. It is used to simulate time series of monthly river flow in a catchment outlet without the need to describe the morphological characteristics of the catchment. Runoff Prophet produced good results of calibration and proved its suitability for conceptual hydrological modelling in variable hydrological conditions of the Czech Republic. The aim of the paper was to assess the possible impact of climate change on future inflow into Vír I. Reservoir, one of the drinking water resources for Brno, a city of 380 000 inhabitants. The recently developed software Runoff Prophet was used to simulate future river flow time series. The model was calibrated on the catchment of gauging station Dalečín on Svratka River as the reservoir inflow. Prognoses of future river flow were performed using climate scenarios prepared by Global Change Research Institute of Czech Academy of Sciences. These scenarios (RCP types) are based on the outcomes from different regional climate models of Euro-CORDEX initiative. Characteristics of possible future air temperature and precipitation in the basin were evaluated in terms of its impact on reservoir management. The results of hydrological modelling gave the perspective of expected changes in Vír I. inflow yield. The options of using Vír I. Reservoir as a drinking water supply for Brno in coming decades were assessed.

scholarly journals Drinking water indicator evaluation in selected dairy cow farms with different management system in the Czech Republic

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 57-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Václava Genčurová ◽  
Oto Hanuš ◽  
Libor Janů ◽  
Antonín Macek ◽  
Marcela Vyletělová
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Colony Count ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Conventional Farms

The paper evaluates drinking water quality on selected dairy farms on the territory of the Czech Republic. The drinking water samples were collected in the farm milk storage rooms of 30 farms with subsequently made analyses. The pre – selected chemical and microbiological indicators were stated according to the regulation No. 252/2004 Coll. (pH, conductivity, chemical oxygen demand, colour, turbidity, Fe, ammonia ions, nitrites, nitrates, colony count growing at 36 °C, colony count growing at 22 °C, coliform bacteria, Escherichia coli, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Zn, Cu, Mn, Pb, Cr and Ni). The statistical evaluation was performed in the obtained data file and these data were compared with the limit va­lues given by the regulation. The nitrate content ranged between 1 and 40.7 mg L−1 with an average of 15.6 mg L−1. The pH values varied from 5.71 to 8. The chloride concentration geometrical means was 7.57 mg L−1 1. The Ca average concentration 58.5 mg L−1 was in the middle of the recommended interval 40–80 mg L−1. The geometric means in Mg content was 7.9 mg L−1 being under the recommended va­lue 20–30 mg L−1. The Cu, Pb, Cr and Ni limit values were not exceeded. The limit values in microbiological analyses were exceeded 18x in coliform bacteria, 10x in enterococci, 5x in Escherichia coli. The microbiological colonies growing at 36 °C exceeded limit 9x, those growing at 22 °C 5x.Further, differences are compared between the organic and conventional farms, and between farms producing milk in different type of LFAs (less favourable areas) and farms not included in these ­areas. The difference found out between the chloride concentrations in organic (6.56 mg L−1) and conventional farms (18.2 mg L−1; p < 0.05) was statistically significant. Locality or altitude, where a given far is situated, were another classifying criterion. A significant dependence was only found out in nitrate content, which decreased (p < 0.05) with increasing altitude (the correlation coefficient value −0.39). It can correspond with the soil use decrease – a lesser fertilization intensity. Statistically significant dif­fe­ren­ces were found out in hardness value as well as in Ca, Mg contents connected with that in all reference criterions. The hardness was clearly lower (1.13 mmol L−1) in organic farms as compared with concentration 2.27 mmol L−1 in conventional ones. It is, however, only a supplementary indicator according to the respective regulation. No statistical significance was found among microbiological finding va­lues in any case.

scholarly journals Water scarcity: regional analyses in the Czech Republic from 2014 to 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavlína Hejduková ◽  
Lucie Kureková
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Regional Analysis ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Research background: Water is a scarce natural resource essential for life and also many economic activities. Scarcity of drinking water is a problem that is ad-dressed at national and international levels. Global water demand continues to rise, but the quantity and quality of water resources is declining in many regions. Recent surveys of the population of the Czech Republic show that the most serious global problems are waste accumulation, water pollution, lack of drinking water and air pollution. Average temperatures continue to rise across Europe due to climate change and water is expected to become increasingly scarce in many areas. An adequate supply of good-quality water is a pre-requisite for economic and social development, and thus it is necessary to learn to save water and better manage our available resources in this area. Purpose of the article: The purpose of this study was to investigate to what degree environmental problems — especially the issue of drinking water scarcity — have been evaluated in the Czech Republic from 2014 to 2018 and whether the fear of a lack of drinking water has motivated water conservation. Methods: A regional analysis of water availability in the Czech Republic and the possible causes of water scarcity has been carried out. Subsequently, selected socio-economic factors that could have an impact on the assessment of drinking water scarcity are analyzed using Gamma and Kendall's Tau and logistic regression. The analyzed time period is from 2014 to 2018. Microdata was taken from the Centre for Research of Public Opinion, and selected regional-level statistics from the Czech Statistical Office have been added to this data to supplement it. Findings & Value added: The perception of drinking water shortages is not only influenced by indicators representing the volume and price of water in each region, but can also be determined by other socio-economic factors such as income, gender, age and education.

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