scholarly journals Convergence of daily mean coordinates of precise positioning methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 929 (1) ◽  
pp. 012014
Author(s):  
D V Kenigsberg ◽  
Yu M Salamatina ◽  
O A Prokhorov ◽  
S I Kuzikov
Keyword(s):  
Euclidean Distance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Local Reference Frame ◽  
Relative Precision ◽  
Distance Method ◽  
Local Reference ◽  
Euclidean Distances ◽  
Coordinates Transformation ◽  
Better Than

Abstract As part of the research of modern movements of the Earth’s crust, an analysis of 7 high-precision methods for calculating GNSS positions was carried out for the convergence of their daily mean coordinates. Based on Euclidean distances, regular and maximal discrepancies between coordinates of different methods are given. According to the coordinates in the ITRF, 5 methods are stood out with regular coordinate discrepancies <1 mm, and individual maximum discrepancies up to 30 mm. The other two methods have regular discrepancies in coordinates up to 2 cm, and the maximum differences reach 1 m. For a group of stations global coordinates transformation into a local reference frame leads to the effect of coordinate stabilization and increases their relative precision in the time series. As a result of such procedure, the level of maximum coordinate discrepancies between the methods decreased to 46%. Moreover, one of the methods of calculating coordinates has improved its convergence with the other methods by 80%. Based on the Euclidean distance method, the quality of the raw data for each station was evaluated. Thus, there is a group of 8 stations, for which the convergence of coordinates in different methods are approximately at the same level, and 2-3 times better than for the other 2 stations.

Effects of over Heat and Casting Speed on Quality of GCr15 Billet

2014 ◽  
Vol 997 ◽  
pp. 534-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Wei Zuo ◽  
Xia An ◽  
Jing Bo Yang ◽  
Da Qiang Cang
Keyword(s):  
Casting Speed ◽  
The Other ◽  
Steel Making ◽  
Average Grade ◽  
Upset Forging ◽  
C 30 ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Center Porosity

In order to improve the quality of the billets, the whole test proceedings by the comparison of the two casting conditions which one is over heat 20°C-30°C under casting speed 0.4m/min-0.6m/min and the other is over heat 10°C-15 °C under casting speed 1.3m/min-1.6m/min are checked during the produce process of GCr15 in some domestic steel-making plant. The results show that the average grade of general porosity decreases 1.0, the average grade of center porosity down 0.5, the average grade of center segregation fall 0.5 and the samples tested in hot upset forging perform better than before. According to the results, the latter is determined to be accepted.

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN KUALITAS PRODUK DAN MINAT MENABUNG PADA LPD DESA ADAT TAJUN DENGAN DESA ADAT TEGAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
Eka Swarnadi Luh ◽  
Ketut Budi Susrusa ◽  
Ida Ayu Listia Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Product Quality ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Research Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Physical Evidence ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Better Than

LPDs are non-bank financial institutions that are regulated and approved by the Regional Regulations of the Province of Bali. The management of LPD is fully handed over to the relevant Pakraman village. In line with the rapid development of LPDs, it turns out that on the other hand it shows diverse performance, so that LPDs need to pay attention to the level of product quality and customer interest in the products offered.            The purpose of the study was to determine the comparison of product quality and interest in saving at the Tajun Traditional Village LPD with the Traditional Village of Tegal. The number of samples from Tajun Adat Village LPD was 98 people and the LPD of Tegal Traditional Village was 84 people. The research data were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney Test. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the quality of the products of the Adat Village of Tajun LPD and the Traditional Village of Tegal. This difference is indicated by indicators of physical evidence, reliability, responsiveness and empathy. The product quality of Tajun Adat Village's LPD is better than the traditional village of Tegal. There is a significant difference between the interest in saving the traditional village of Tajun LPD and the traditional village of Tegal. The difference is in the indicator of confidence. Interest in Saving Tajun Indigenous Village LPD is higher than the Traditional Village of Tegal.

scholarly journals The Variability and Evaluation Method of Recycled Concrete Aggregate Properties

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Zhiqing Zhang ◽  
Bozhao Shen ◽  
Hui Ren ◽  
Jin Wang ◽  
Shiyun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Euclidean Distance ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Recycled Concrete ◽  
Concrete Aggregate ◽  
Distance Method ◽  
Euclidean Distances ◽  
Mean Variance ◽  
Property Index

With the same sources and regeneration techniques, given RA’s properties may display large variations. The same single property index of different sets maybe has a large difference of the whole property. How shall we accurately evaluate the whole property of RA? 8 groups of RAs from pavement and building were used to research the method of evaluating the holistic characteristics of RA. After testing and investigating, the parameters of aggregates were analyzed. The data of physical and mechanical properties show a distinct dispersion and instability; thus, it has been difficult to express the whole characteristics in any single property parameter. The Euclidean distance can express the similarity of samples. The closer the distance, the more similar the property. The standard variance of the whole property Euclidean distances for two types of RA is Sk=7.341 and Sk=2.208, respectively, which shows that the property of building RA has great fluctuation, while pavement RA is more stable. There are certain correlations among the apparent density, water absorption, and crushed value of RAs, and the Mahalanobis distance method can directly evaluate the whole property by using its parameters: mean, variance, and covariance, and it can provide a grade evaluation model for RAs.

scholarly journals Recycling of Cooking Oil Waste into Reactive Polyurethane for Blending with Thermoplastic Polyethylene

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Anika Zafiah M. Rus ◽  
N. Syamimi M. Salim ◽  
N. Haiza Sapiee
Keyword(s):  
Injection Molding ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
The Other ◽  
Processing Temperature ◽  
Mechanical Behaviors ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Better Than

Driven by the need of growing to a more sustainable and environmentally friendly future, this research is started by mixing in-house produced biorenewable polymers (BP) from waste cooking oil with the standard low density polyethylene (LDPE) and high density polyethylene (HDPE) via melt-mixing at low ratios. These mixtures are then compounded via injection molding to produce tensile samples. By using the quality of individual compounds injected, the parameters obtained for all ratios of LDPE/BP were the same with neat LDPE whereas some adjustments were required for the HDPE/BP compounds. The corresponding mechanical behaviors of each ratio were also examined and the results showed that both tensile strength and strain of the LDPE/BP were better than neat LDPE. On the other hand, increasing the BP content in HDPE/BP will increase the toughness of the compound if compared to neat HDPE. Therefore, not only does the presence of BP provide renewable properties, but it also improves the mechanical properties. Moreover, the processing temperature and composition of BP will both influence the quality and mechanical behavior of the product made. Thus, this study may aid any intention on processing these in-house produced polymers by injection molding.

Intermittent Microwave Drying of Litchi: Drying Kinetics and Quality Formation in Color Difference

2012 ◽  
Vol 482-484 ◽  
pp. 2090-2095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Ying Xu ◽  
Zhen Chen ◽  
Chang You Li ◽  
Jian Yuan Liao ◽  
Han Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multilayer Structure ◽  
Small Amplitude ◽  
Color Difference ◽  
The Other ◽  
Microwave Drying ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Biochemical Effect ◽  
Thermal Transmission ◽  
Better Than

In order to reveal the characteristics of thermal transmission and drying quality on the litchi’s multilayer structure, the peel and flesh that separated from fresh fruit were dried with the whole fruit by microwave radiation in three kinds of tempering intermittent HT0101, HT0505 and HT1010. Their characteristics of dehydration and the changes of color difference in drying process were compared. The results showed that microwave drying had influences on the capability of dehydration and the quality of color difference in different interval. The influence of HT0505 was more significant, while the other two conditions, in which there were only a small amplitude of cross and fluctuation, were approximate. In the same conditions of microwave drying, the capability of dehydration of peel and flesh separated was better than that of whole fruit, and the dehydration speed of peel was the fastest. As to color difference, the changes of peel and whole fruit were smaller and much easily to tend to stable. The change of the color difference on the flesh was obvious and finally tended to stable. The further research still needed the further study on biochemical effect during the transformation of quality.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF WATER CONSERVATION POTENTIAL OF NON-TURF GROUNDCOVERS VS. KENTUCKY BLUEGRASS UNDER INCREASING LEVELS OF DROUGHT STRESS.

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 676c-676
Author(s):  
David Staats ◽  
James E. Klett
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
The Other ◽  
Irrigation Treatments ◽  
Better Than

In June 1991, a two year field study was initiated to examine if three non-turf groundcovers with reputations for using low amounts of water actually use less water than Kentucky bluegrass (KBG). Irrigation treatments were based on percentages of ET (100%, 75%, 50%, 25%, 0%) and calculated by the modified Penman equation. Results from the 1991 season indicate that at the 100% and 75% treatments Potentilla tabernaemontani and Cerastium tomentosum were significantly better than the other species in terms of establishment and vigor but quality declined significantly at rates below 75%. At the 50% rate both KBG and Sedum acre maintained good quality although growth was slow. At the 25% rate, quality of KBG significantly declined while Sedum acre maintained good quality. Quality of Sedum acre declined only slightly at the 0% treatment and would be a good alternative to KBG if water conservation was a high priority in the landscape.

scholarly journals Rejection Sampling Schemes for Simulating from Arbitrary Probability Densities

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Anamul Haque Sajib
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rejection Sampling ◽  
Mcmc Method ◽  
Empirical Comparison ◽  
Sampling Schemes ◽  
Probability Densities ◽  
Better Than

Simulating random variates from arbitrary non-normalized probability densities, very often they do not have familiar forms, is an increasingly important requirement in many different fields, especially in Bayesian statistics. Accept-reject algorithm is one of the commonly used methods to simulate random variates from such densities but restriction on choosing proposal density under this framework (heavier tails than the target density) limits its applicability to a larger extent. On the other hand, Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method can choose proposal density arbitrary which makes this method applicable to a larger class of target densities5. In addition to MCMC method, a more general widely used method known as ratio-of-uniforms (RoU) which requires only two uniform variates to simulate one variates from such densities. However, no empirical comparison among these methods for simulating random variates from such densities was seen in the literature. In this paper, we limit our study only to MCMC and RoU methods to simulate random variates from such densities. Following the generation of random variates from such densities using these two methods, we compare the performance of these two methods based on quality of the generated samples. Finally, we conclude that RoU method performs better than MCMC method as far as quality of the generated sample (randomness) and computational cost are concerned. Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 68(1): 59-64, 2020 (January)

scholarly journals Storing `Galia' Melons in a Controlled Atmosphere with Ethylene Absorbent

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 725-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yair Aharoni ◽  
Azica Copel ◽  
Elazar Fallik
Keyword(s):  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
The Other ◽  
Controlled Atmosphere ◽  
Control Fruit ◽  
Better Than

The quality of `Galia' melons (Cucumis melo pv. reticulates) stored in a controlled atmosphere (CA) of 10% CO2 plus 10% O2 with ethylene absorbent (EA) for 14 days at 6C and an additional 6 days at 20C was significantly better than that of control fruit or fruit stored in CA only. Fruit stored in CA plus EA were firmer and exhibited less decay than fruit from the other two treatments.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KOMPOSISI SEKAM PADI TERHADAP PARAMETER FISIS BRIKET TEMPURUNG KELAPA

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Maria Lurumutin Umrisu ◽  
Redi K. Pingak ◽  
Albert Zicko Johannes
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Thickness Variation ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Better Than

ABSTRAK Briket bioarang merupakan salah satu bahan bakar yang berasal dari biomassa. Biomassa yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tempurung kelapa dan sekam padi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi komposisi sekam padi dan variasi perekat terhadap parameter fisis briket tempurung kelapa. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan nilai densitas, nilai kadar air, nilai porositas dan nilai kadar abu, secara berturut-turut berkisar antara (0.69  - 1.12 ), (3,33% - 7,57%.), (16,66% - 31,88%.), (38,46% - 66,66%.). Analisis menunjukkan bahwa secara umum, komposisi sekam padi berbanding terbalik dengan nilai densitas, nilai kadar air dan nilai kadar abu briket dan berbanding lurus dengan nilai porositas briket. Berdasarkan nilai densitas, nilai kadar air, dan nilai kadar abu briket, dapat disimpulkan bahwa dalam penelitian ini briket dengan komposisi 40% tempurung kelapa dan 60% sekam padi memiliki kualitas yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan komposisi lainnya. Kata Kunci : Briket, Tempurung kelapa, Sekam padi, Densitas, Kadar air, Porositas dan Kadar abu. ABSTRACT Bio-briquette is one of the fuels that comes from biomass. The biomass used in this research is coconut shell and rice husk. The aims of this research are to know the influence of variation of rice husk composition and thickness variation on physical parameters of shell briquettes. The results of this study indicate that the density, moisture value, porosity and ash values, respectively ranged between (0.69  - 1.12 ), (3,33% - 7,57%.), (16,66% - 31,88%.), (38,46% - 66,66%.). The analysis showed that in general, the composittion of rice husk is inversely proportional to density, moisture value and briquette ash value, otherwise the composition of rice husk is directly proportional briquette porosity value. Based on density value, mositure value and ash value it can be concluded that in this research the quality  of briquettes with composition 40% coconut shell and 60% rice husk is better than the other compositions. Keywords: Briquette, Coconut shell, Rice husk, Density, Water content, Porosity and Ash content.

scholarly journals PEMISAHAN GAS CO2 BIOGAS MENGGUNAKAN ALAT WATER SCRUBBER DENGAN VARIASI LAJU ALIR DAN TEKANAN BIOGAS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Tina Mulya Gantina ◽  
Kartono ◽  
Maridjo ◽  
Arief Ardiansyah
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
The Other ◽  
Co2 Separation ◽  
Co2 Absorption ◽  
Domestic Waste ◽  
Ch4 Concentration ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Water Scrubber

Biogass is produced from fermentation of organic materials such as domestic waste and manure from animal husbandary. To increase the quality of biogass as a fuel, it has to be followed by the increasing of CH4 concentration. It could be done with seperating CH4 from other gases such as CO2. One of separation methode is using a water scrubber with water act as medium which as CO2 is more soluable to water than CH4. The result showed that CO2 absorption was increased followed by the increasing of the pressure and the biogass flow rate. The percentage of CO2 absorption at 2,5 m3 per hour of biogass flow rate and 8 bar was 4,6%, meanwhile it was 11,l% at 10 bar. In the other side, there was 9,5% of CH4 increasing at 10 bar. Therefore, CO2 separation from biogass using water scrubber at 10 bar is better than at 8 bar.

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