E-Government

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisela Gil-Egui
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Public Management ◽  
New Public Management ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Empirical Observation ◽  
New Public ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Government Websites ◽  
Definition Of

E-government refers to a set of public administration and governance goals and practices involving information and communication technologies (ICTs). It utilizes such technologies to serve public agencies’ external audiences and constituents. However, the scope of that service is the subject of much debate and, consequently, no consensual definition of e-government had been formulated. The prehistory of e-government resonates with assumptions from the “new public management” (NPM), which proposed a restructuring of governmental agencies by adopting a market-based approach to ensure cost efficiencies in the public sector. Coined in the mid-1990s, the notion of e-government as equivalent to better government, economic growth, human development, and the knowledge society in general was quickly and uncritically accepted by practitioners and scholars alike. As scholars from different disciplines, including politics communication and sociology, paid increasing attention to the intersections of structural factors, hardware, and culture in the adoption and use of ICTs, research on e-government began to show some diversification. By the twenty-first century, the number of e-government websites from local and national administrations has grown sufficiently to allow some generalizations based on empirical observation. Meanwhile critical and comprehensive approaches to e-government frequently adopt a critical stance to denounce oversimplifications, determinisms, and omissions in the formulation of e-governance projects, as well as in the evaluation, adoption, and assessment of e-government effectiveness. Beyond the particularities of each emerging technology, reflection on the intersections between ICTs and government is moving away from an exclusive focus on hardware and functionality, to consider broader questions on governance.

scholarly journals Digitalization trends of public administration in the context of globalization

Moldoscopie ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
Mariana Iatco ◽  
◽  
Vladimir Bors ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Public Management ◽  
New Public Management ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Demographic Challenges ◽  
New Public ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Relationship Of

This article addresses the trends of digitalisation for public administration and the need for its continuous improvement as a first demand in an environment that is driven by rapid changes that operate on a global scale. Public administrations, as organizations, need to adapt to this environment. Lifelong learning and capacity building are essental to meet today’s economic, social or demographic challenges, using sustainable, smart and inclusive development. Public administration, as a social organization, is not indifferent to the social and technological transformations observed, since the early 80 of the last century, which have brought a change in both its functions and in the way people are approached. Thus, new public management models have been implemented, more oriented towards the relationship of serving citizens. Thus, the use of information and communication technologies has spread widely in the administrative system.

Paradigm and Practice

2011 ◽  
pp. 2910-2928
Author(s):  
Valentina Mele
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Change ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Public Management ◽  
New Public Management ◽  
Organizational Innovation ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Reciprocal Influence ◽  
Public Sector Reforms ◽  
New Public ◽  
Information And Communication

The contribution starts from assessing the reciprocal influence between organizational change and the adoption of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in Public Administrations. ICTs cannot work without a proper organizational change, but at the same time, ICTs are usually one of the main drivers of such change in public administrations, as they provide the political momentum and act as catalyzer or enabler. After reviewing the role that New Public Management experts granted to the ICT in fueling, or rather in following public sector reforms, the work identifies a possible evolution of the model from New Public Management to Innovative Public Management. This model is based on the adoption of technological and organizational innovation at three levels, namely the operational choice, the collective choice and the institutional choice levels. Thereby, the chapter presents some of the current and future impacts of ICTs on institutional configuration, on policy and decision making, and on the organizational/managerial structure. Finally, the ecosystem for an innovative public administration is re-interpreted in the light of recent ICT changes.

Paradigm and Practice

2005 ◽  
pp. 289-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Mele
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Change ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Public Management ◽  
New Public Management ◽  
Organizational Innovation ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Reciprocal Influence ◽  
Public Sector Reforms ◽  
New Public ◽  
Information And Communication

The contribution starts from assessing the reciprocal influence between organizational change and the adoption of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in Public Administrations. ICTs cannot work without a proper organizational change, but at the same time, ICTs are usually one of the main drivers of such change in public administrations, as they provide the political momentum and act as catalyzer or enabler. After reviewing the role that New Public Management experts granted to the ICT in fueling, or rather in following public sector reforms, the work identifies a possible evolution of the model from New Public Management to Innovative Public Management. This model is based on the adoption of technological and organizational innovation at three levels, namely the operational choice, the collective choice and the institutional choice levels. Thereby, the chapter presents some of the current and future impacts of ICTs on institutional configuration, on policy and decision making, and on the organizational/managerial structure. Finally, the ecosystem for an innovative public administration is re-interpreted in the light of recent ICT changes.

E-Government Interoperability

2005 ◽  
pp. 985-989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Werth
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Public Management ◽  
New Public Management ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Market Mechanisms ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
New Public ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Triangular Relationship

The rise of the Internet has structurally changed not only the business area, but also governments and administrative authorities. The usage of information and communication technologies (ICT) influenced the organizational behavior and the daily work of public administrations. In parallel, a new management paradigm has grown in governments and administrations: The New Public Management (NPM) aims to a new orientation on the impact of public activities and on the benefit of public services for its customers, namely citizens and businesses (Barzelay, 2001). It puts the administration and its activities in the triangular relationship between politics, administration and citizens (Osborne & Gaebler, 1992). Within this “ecosphere”, decentralized steering models (Reichard, 2002) as well as market mechanisms are introduced and emphasized (Pollitt & Bouckaert, 2000).

scholarly journals What Happens When Digital Information Systems Are Brought Into Health and Social Care? Comparing Approaches to Social Policy in England and Australia

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 569-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Baines ◽  
Penelope Hill ◽  
Karin Garrety
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Public Management ◽  
New Public Management ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
New Public ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Information And Communication

This review article offers a brief comparative overview of approaches to the application of public sector information systems in England and Australia, with particular reference to health and social care. Since the 1990s, reforms to the public sector in both countries have looked to information and communication technologies (ICTs) from the private sector as the key to modern, citizen-centred services. These efforts have been conducted in the wider context of New Public Management, with the emphasis on the marketisation of government services, reducing the size of the state, and improvements in efficiency. Both countries are typically seen as being at, or near, the forefront of the digital transformation of public services (United Nations, 2012; McLoughlin and Wilson, 2013). Moreover, there is a shared history of experimentation, most recently in the shaping of the information agendas around records and personalisation.

scholarly journals E-Voting and the Creation of Trust for the Socially Marginalized Citizens in Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Rodrigues Filho
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Public Services ◽  
New Public Management ◽  
Technological Determinism ◽  
Technological Artifacts ◽  
New Public ◽  
Vested Interests ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Social Shaping

Abstract: Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have been implemented in a quite intensive way in both developed and developing countries. In the discourse of the New Public Management (NPM), the principal role of ICT is to improve the delivery of public services to citizens and the distrust of public administration. In responding to distrust and the challenges facing the simplistic technological determinism discourse of ICTs in general and ICT for development in particular, building on areas of trust associated with economic development seems to have been emphasized. On the other hand, despite the influence of institutions in the design and use of ICTs as a compelling enabler of change mentioned in the theory of social shaping and the ideas of citizens’ orientation, where technological artifacts are social constructions, it seems to be evident that these institutions can reinforce the same technological determinism and trust. In this paper an attempt is made to show that the use of a technology like e-voting in Brazil has not contributed to improve political participation and the delivery of public services, despite the attempt to promote and create trust in e-voting. With a more critical view of trust, an attempt is made to show how institutions and technology are enmeshed in a structure of vested interests in the public sector in such a way that a fabricated trust is created smoothly.

The New Governance

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. W. Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Public Management ◽  
New Public Management ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Democratic Accountability ◽  
British Government ◽  
New Governance ◽  
New Public ◽  
Cybernetic System ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Self Organizing

The chapter reviews the several definitions of governance: the minimal state; corporate governance; the new public management, ‘good’ governance; a socio-cybernetic system. It then stipulates a definition of governance as self-organizing, inter-organizational networks. It argues there is a trend from government to governance in British government because of the hollowing-out pressures and the tools for intergovernmental management are integral to effective steering. Policy networks are already widespread. This trend is not widely recognized and has important implications not only for the practice of British government but also for democratic accountability. Governance as self-organizing networks is a challenge to governability because the networks can become autonomous and resist central guidance. They are set fair to become the prime example of governing without government.

The Anglo-American Tradition

2021 ◽  
pp. 116-138
Author(s):  
B. Guy Peters
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Management ◽  
New Public Management ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public Administrators ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
New Public ◽  
American Tradition ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
Definition Of

The Anglo-American tradition is perhaps the most difficult to characterize. Although there are common roots, there has been a divergence between the United Kingdom and other Westminster systems and the United States. There are common roots among these cases, including a contractarian conception of the state, an emphasis on the separation of politics and administration, an emphasis on management rather than law in the role definition of public administrators, and less commitment to uniformity. But these common values are interpreted and implemented differently in the different countries. For example, the United States has a more developed system of administrative law than do most of the Westminster systems. All these administrative systems, however, have been more receptive to the ideas of New Public Management (NPM) than have other governments, although the United States and Canada had implemented many of those ideas long before NPM was developed.

scholarly journals Information flows in relationships between public admin-istration and economic entities towards the concept of new public management

2018 ◽  
Vol 189 (4) ◽  
pp. 116-127
Author(s):  
Joanna Drobiazgiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Public Management ◽  
New Public Management ◽  
Information Flows ◽  
Imple Mentation ◽  
New Public ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Types Of Information

Due to the need for public sector reforms, a number of actions are being undertaken to improve the delivery of public services. New Public Management is one of the concepts that assumes the introduction of management methods and techniques modelled on the private sector into the public sector. In line with this new concept of customer manage-ment, service recipients are perceived not as supplicants but as customers. The aim of the article is to present the directions of changes in information flows in relations between public administration and economic entities related to the implementation of new public management. The article presents the basic assumptions of the New Public Management concept. Subsequently, the attention is paid to the types of information and methods of communication in relations of public administration with business entities. Electronic means are becoming one of the most important channels of information flow. The imple-mentation of modern information and communication technologies enables electronic da-ta exchange, creation of electronic documents, e-services and electronic access to infor-mation.

scholarly journals Wybrane problemy wykonywania zadań oświatowych przez jednostki samorządu terytorialnego

2012 ◽  
pp. 161-184
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Majchrowicz-Jopek
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Public Management ◽  
New Public Management ◽  
School Management ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
The Public ◽  
New Public ◽  
Legal Foundation ◽  
Subsidiarity Principle

Due to complex socio-economic structural factors education seen as a public task (executed by the State governmental administration and local government) becomes subject to privatisation and deregulation process, in line with the subsidiarity principle. The article discusses theoretic grounds for the issue of performing public tasks according to the classic perspective as well as the concept of new public management; it also presents doubts and concerns related to privatisation of public tasks and privatisation of performing public tasks. Basis problems of school management (instituting, administering and closure) have been outlined in light of doctrine and administrative courts’ jurisprudence. The articles sketches alternative institutional forms of educational tasks’ execution, including schools administered by non-public entities. Trends in the public and non-public compulsory school sector have been exemplified by the relevant statistics. Furthermore, the article describes the prospects of developments in schooling run by local government units as well as possible legal amendments and examples of already taken initiatives. Finally, the Author attempts to assess the proposals for legal foundation of privatisation of educational tasks, in terms of ensuring equal access to education and achieving social cohesion.

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