3. When timing goes wrong

2017 ◽  
pp. 24-44
Author(s):  
Russell G. Foster ◽  
Leon Kreitzman
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Circadian System ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Sleep Phase ◽  
Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders ◽  
Time Zones ◽  
Delayed Sleep Phase Disorder ◽  
Delayed Sleep Phase ◽  
Delayed Sleep

While time of day, interacting with an individual’s chronotype, can have an important impact upon performance and health, severe disruption of the circadian system adds another level of complexity and severity. ‘When timing goes wrong’ considers the effects of flying across multiple time zones, resulting in jet lag, and shift work on human health. Sleep and circadian rhythm disruption is almost always associated with poor health. Four circadian rhythm sleep disorders have been identified: advanced sleep phase disorder, delayed sleep phase disorder, freerunning, and irregular sleep timing. Sleep and circadian rhythm disruption in mental illness and neurodegenerative disease is also discussed.

scholarly journals Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders: Part II, Advanced Sleep Phase Disorder, Delayed Sleep Phase Disorder, Free-Running Disorder, and Irregular Sleep-Wake Rhythm

SLEEP ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 1484-1501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Sack ◽  
Dennis Auckley ◽  
R. Robert Auger ◽  
Mary A. Carskadon ◽  
Kenneth P. Wright ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Phase ◽  
Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders ◽  
Delayed Sleep Phase Disorder ◽  
Delayed Sleep Phase ◽  
Free Running ◽  
Delayed Sleep

scholarly journals Evaluation of Two Circadian Rhythm Questionnaires for Screening for the Delayed Sleep Phase Disorder

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Kyu Rhee ◽  
Heon-Jeong Lee ◽  
Katharine M. Rex ◽  
Daniel F. Kripke
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Sleep Phase ◽  
Delayed Sleep Phase Disorder ◽  
Delayed Sleep Phase ◽  
Delayed Sleep

Circadian Disorders, Insomnia, and Parasomnias

2021 ◽  
pp. 1208-1216
Author(s):  
Brynn K. Dredla ◽  
Vichaya Arunthari
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Shift Work ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Sleep Phase ◽  
Delayed Sleep Phase Disorder ◽  
Delayed Sleep Phase ◽  
Sleep Schedule ◽  
Delayed Sleep ◽  
Circadian Rhythm Disorders

Circadian rhythm disorders have misalignment between the desired sleep schedule and the circadian (24-hour) sleep-wake rhythm. Many persons experience this misalignment with jet lag. Other common circadian rhythm disorders include delayed sleep-phase disorder, advanced sleep-phase disorder, and shift-work sleep disorder. Insomnia is one of the most common medical concerns, and its prevalence increases with age. Patients may have difficulty initiating sleep or maintaining sleep and generally have a poor quality of sleep. Causes of insomnia are multifactorial.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF MELATONIN ON PAIN SYNDROME IN DELAYED SLEEP PHASE DISORDER IN PATIENTS WITH PARKINSON'S DISEASE

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
A.D. Shkodina
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Phase ◽  
Delayed Sleep Phase Disorder ◽  
Delayed Sleep Phase ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Delayed Sleep ◽  
Circadian Rhythm Disorders

Parkinson’s disease is characterized mainly by damage to the neurons of the substantia nigra and other brain structures and manifested by motor and non-motor symptoms. In patients with Parkinson’s disease receiving dopaminergic therapy, a later onset of sleep has been identified that is associated with the development of the delayed sleep phase disorder. The delayed sleep phase disorder is characterized by a persistent delay in the circadian rhythm that causes a delay in the desired time of falling asleep and waking up. According to clinical guidelines for the treatment of delayed sleep phase disorder, exogenous melatonin is recommended. Along with this, its analgesic properties have been reported. At the same time circadian regulation of fluctuations of painful sensations transmission by either peripheral or central alarm system has been reported. In particular, the two-way connection between the nociceptive system and the circadian rhythm in the human body determines the possibility of mutual influence between these systems. However, the question of the therapeutic effect of melatonin in the presence of concomitant pathology on the circadian rhythm disorders, and, in particular, delayed sleep phase disorder that is a topical issue for patients with Parkinson's disease, is still remaining unexplored. The aim of the study is to compare the changes in subjective perception of pain in patients with Parkinson's disease, who received melatonin therapy and who did not, in delayed sleep phase disorder. We conducted a prospective study that included 48 patients with Parkinson's disease. Circadian rhythm disorders were diagnosed according to the criteria of the International Classification of Sleep Disorders-3. The diagnosis of delayed sleep phase disorder was made on the basis of a clinical interview, filling in a sleep diary and daily thermometry for 7 days. The examined patients were divided into 2 groups according to the chosen method of treatment: group 1 - patients with Parkinson's disease and delayed sleep phase disorder receiving melatonin; group 2 - patients with Parkinson's disease and delayed sleep phase disorder receiving only general recommendations for improving sleep quality and daily functioning without medical intervention. The Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale was used to assess the severity of patients’ clinical condition. The intensity of the pain syndrome was assessed on a visual-analogue scale. The McGill Questionnaire was used to analyze subjective experiences of pain. The patients of group 1 were prescribed to take melatonin, 1 tablet in a dose of 3 mg at 22:00. Individuals in group 2 received general recommendations on the schedule of sleep-wake cycles, light regime and sleep hygiene. Patients with Parkinson's disease and delayed sleep phase disorder have been diagnosed with mild to moderate pain. Treatment of delayed sleep phase disorder in patients with Parkinson's disease reduces the intensity and modality of the pain syndrome, which may be due to improved functioning of the descending pain modulation system and restoration of rhythmic expression of internal clock genes. The administration of melatonin as part of a comprehensive approach to the treatment of circadian rhythm disorders helps to reduce sensory sensations and affective experiences caused by pain that indicates the potential antinociceptive effect of melatonin in the treatment of circadian disorders.

Advanced, delayed, free-running, and irregular sleep–wake rhythm disorders

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Warman ◽  
Josephine Arendt
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Light Cycle ◽  
Potential Treatment ◽  
Sleep Phase ◽  
Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders ◽  
Delayed Sleep Phase Disorder ◽  
Delayed Sleep Phase ◽  
Free Running ◽  
Rhythm Disorder ◽  
Delayed Sleep

This chapter provides an overview of the incidence, presentation, assessment, diagnosis, and management of the four main circadian rhythm sleep disorders: advanced sleep phase disorder (ASPD), delayed sleep phase disorder (DSPD), free-running (non-24-hour) sleep disorder (FRSD), and irregular sleep–wake rhythm disorder (ISWRD). Following a brief discussion of the daily entrainment of the human circadian clock to the light cycle, and the shifting effects of light and melatonin on the clock, each of the four different disorders are considered in turn. The aim of this chapter is to provide a concise overview of the disorders and the potential treatment strategies for each. The chapter is extensively referenced for further information.

scholarly journals The Use of Exogenous Melatonin in Delayed Sleep Phase Disorder: A Meta-analysis

SLEEP ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 1605-1614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingeborg M. van Geijlswijk ◽  
Hubert P. L. M. Korzilius ◽  
Marcel G. Smits
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Sleep Phase ◽  
Exogenous Melatonin ◽  
Delayed Sleep Phase Disorder ◽  
Delayed Sleep Phase ◽  
Delayed Sleep
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