scholarly journals Dietary Patterns and Gestational Weight Gain and Postpartum Weight Loss: A NESR Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 803-803
Author(s):  
Ramkripa Raghavan ◽  
Sharon M Donovan ◽  
Kathryn Dewey ◽  
Rachel Novotny ◽  
Jamie Stang ◽  
...  

Abstract Objectives To inform the 2020–2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, USDA and HHS identified important public health questions to be examined by the 2020 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee. The Committee conducted 2 systematic reviews with support from USDA's Nutrition Evidence Systematic Review (NESR) team to answer the following questions: What is the relationship between dietary patterns (DP) consumed during 1) pregnancy and gestational weight gain (GWG)?, and 2) lactation and postpartum weight loss (PPWL)? Methods The Committee developed protocols that described how they would use NESR's systematic review methodology to examine the systematic review questions. NESR conducted a literature search and dual-screened the results using pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria to identify articles published between Jan 2000 and Nov 2019. NESR extracted data and assessed risk of bias of included studies. The Committee synthesized the evidence, developed conclusion statements, and graded the strength of the evidence underlying the conclusion statements. Results Twenty-six articles were included in the GWG review and 1 article in the PPWL review. The GWG review included 5 RCTs and 21 prospective cohort studies. Two RCTs showed that a “beneficial” DP was associated with lower GWG. Thirteen of the 20 observational studies showed an association between DP and GWG. Although the DPs examined were characterized by different combinations of foods and beverages, the patterns consistently associated with lower GWG were higher in vegetables, fruits, nuts, legumes, and fish and lower in added sugars and red and processed meats. The PPWL review included only one RCT, which was limited by high attrition, issues with implementing the intervention, and lack of blinding. Conclusions Limited evidence suggests that certain DPs during pregnancy are associated with a lower risk of excessive GWG. These patterns are higher in vegetables, fruits, nuts, legumes, and fish, and lower in added sugar, and red and processed meat (Grade: Limited). Insufficient evidence is available to determine the relationship between DPs during lactation and PPWL (Grade: Grade Not Assignable). Funding Sources USDA, Food and Nutrition Service, Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion.

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Margriet Bijlholt ◽  
Hanne Van Uytsel ◽  
Lieveke Ameye ◽  
Roland Devlieger ◽  
Annick Bogaerts

2011 ◽  
Vol 204 (1) ◽  
pp. 52.e1-52.e11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonnie E. Gould Rothberg ◽  
Urania Magriples ◽  
Trace S. Kershaw ◽  
Sharon Schindler Rising ◽  
Jeannette R. Ickovics

Metabolites ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 498
Author(s):  
Chung-Ho E. Lau ◽  
Victoria Taylor-Bateman ◽  
Panagiotis A. Vorkas ◽  
Gonçalo Graça ◽  
Thanh-Huyen T. Vu ◽  
...  

Background: Overweight and obesity amongst women of reproductive age are increasingly common in developed economies and are shown to adversely affect birth outcomes and both childhood and adulthood health risks in the offspring. Metabolic profiling in conditions of overweight and obesity in pregnancy could potentially be applied to elucidate the molecular basis of the adverse effects of gestational weight gain (GWG) and postpartum weight loss (WL) on future risks for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and other chronic diseases. Methods: Biofluid samples were collected from 114 ethnically diverse pregnant women with body mass index (BMI) between 25 and 40 kg/m2 from Chicago (US), as part of a randomized lifestyle intervention trial (Maternal Offspring Metabolics: Family Intervention Trial; NCT01631747). At 15 weeks, 35 weeks of gestation, and at 1 year postpartum, the blood plasma lipidome and metabolic profile of urine samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR) respectively. Results: Urinary 4-deoxyerythronic acid and 4-deoxythreonic acid were found to be positively correlated to BMI. Seventeen plasma lipids were found to be associated with GWG and 16 lipids were found to be associated with WL, which included phosphatidylinositols (PI), phosphatidylcholines (PC), lysophospholipids (lyso-), sphingomyelins (SM) and ether phosphatidylcholine (PC-O). Three phospholipids found to be positively associated with GWG all contained palmitate side-chains, and amongst the 14 lipids that were negatively associated with GWG, seven were PC-O. Six of eight lipids found to be negatively associated with WL contained an 18:2 fatty acid side-chain. Conclusions: Maternal obesity was associated with characteristic urine and plasma metabolic phenotypes, and phospholipid profile was found to be associated with both GWG and postpartum WL in metabolically healthy pregnant women with overweight/obesity. Postpartum WL may be linked to the reduction in the intake of linoleic acid/conjugated linoleic acid food sources in our study population.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Donovan ◽  
Kathryn Dewey ◽  
Rachel Novotny ◽  
Jamie Stang ◽  
Elsie Taveras ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Donovan ◽  
Kathryn Dewey ◽  
Rachel Novotny ◽  
Jamie Stang ◽  
Elsie Taveras ◽  
...  

2015 ◽  
Vol 212 (1) ◽  
pp. S229
Author(s):  
Amy O'Higgins ◽  
Lisa O'Higgins ◽  
Anne Fennessy ◽  
Thomas McCartan ◽  
Laura Mullaney ◽  
...  

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