scholarly journals Obesogenic Environments in the Middle-Aged Korean Men: Based on 2020 KDRIs

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1223-1223
Author(s):  
Jihyun Kim ◽  
Dajeong Son ◽  
Suyeon Lee ◽  
Myoungsook Lee
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Dietary Reference Intake ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Or Education ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Breakfast Skipping ◽  
Obesogenic Environments

Abstract Objectives According to 2019 KNHANES, the obesity prevalence of Korean adults was 33.8% and it has been increased by 2.5% in the past decade. With the highest prevalence of men aged 30–40 years old as 45–46.4%, we aimed to find what environmental variables affect the obesity prevalence in the middle-aged man. Methods Using the 7th KNHANES (2016–2018), obesogenic environments, such as nutrients intakes, dietary habits, lifestyle habits/disease, and exercise were collected/analyzed to elucidate the causality of obesity in 907 middle-aged men. Using the nutrient levels of 2015 and 2020 Korean Dietary Reference Intake (KDRIs) recommendation, we figured out what the variables, such as nutrients over/under intakes, lifestyle changes, dietary habits, were involved in obesogenic environments in 30–40 aged men. Results In men aged 30–40 years old, protein (146.2%) and sodium (198%) intakes were increased, however, dietary intakes of Vit A (75%) decreased, although their DRI values were elevated in 2020 KDRIs compared to 2015. Calcium (74.9%) and Vit C (72.5%), phosphate (190.7%), iron (149.7%), thiamine (141.6%), riboflavin (134.0%), and niacin (111.5%) should be fit for middle-aged men as much as each value of 2020 KDRIs recommendation. The rate of breakfast skipping was 48.1% in the thirties and 37.9% in forties, and eating out frequency was highest in 30–40 as 50%. Moreover, the drinking rate was 80.8% in the thirties as 1st, 74.9% in forties as 2nd, and the rate of muscle exercise practice in men aged 30–40 years was lower than fifties, the rate of stress cognition was highest in thirties (38.8%) in the whole lifestyle. Conclusions It is easy to neglect health and nutrition management in middle-aged men between 30 and 40 because that age is the most active on economics during life. Based on our results, we recommend the nutritional management or education in the workplace of middle-aged men and personalized diets to prevent chronic diseases in the coming elderly stage. Funding Sources This work was supported by the Rural Development Administration of Korea (RDA) grant funded by the Korea government.

scholarly journals Effects of Environmental Factors on the Prevalence of Korean Obesity According to Hsp40/C6 Gene SNPs

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1263-1263
Author(s):  
Myoungsook Lee ◽  
Minjee Lee ◽  
Juhee Kim ◽  
Suyeon Lee ◽  
Miyoung Park
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Trend Test ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Armitage Trend Test

Abstract Objectives Obesogenic environments (OE) to induce the fat accumulation are also risk factors of related chronic diseases. In previous studies, the metabolic rate for energy consumption such as BMR and RMR were significantly correlated with obesity prevalence. Our purpose was to find the scientific evidences of the connection among energy consumption (BMR or RMR), genomics related to BMR or RMR, and obesity prevalence in children and adults. Methods Using Affymetrix® Genome-Wide Human SNP 6.0 Array, genes related with BMR/RMR and BMI were screened in children (n = 512) from the cohort study, and adult subjects (N = 77) from the cross-sectional study. The correlation or association between SNPs of those genes and obesity prevalence or OE was estimated by Cochran-Armitage trend test and logistic regression. The data for family history, anthropometrics, blood biochemistry, dietary intakes and other OE were used in this study. Results Hsp40/C6 gene was highly associated with both of obesity (BMI) and (BMR/RMR) in children. However, Hsp40/C6 gene was not significantly confirmed in adults, and all significant genes derived from adults were not screened in children. We found that several OE and genes affect obesity prevalence in children or adults are different. We focused on the mutant types of five SNPs in Hsp40/C6 gene derived from children were associated with obesity by reducing energy consumption. Conclusions We discovered the different genes related to energy consumption in obese children and adults. The mutation of Hsp40/C6 may change energy consumption and eventually induce obesity. These findings will contribute to find the mechanism of Hsp40/C6 gene on the fat accumulation in future. Funding Sources This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF) grant funded by the Korea government(MSIP) (2019R1A2C1008434).

Minerals Intake Distributions in a Large Sample of Iranian at-Risk Population Using the National Cancer Institute Method: Do They Meet Their Requirements?

2015 ◽  
Vol 85 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 129-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Heidari ◽  
Awat Feizi ◽  
Leila Azadbakht ◽  
Nizal Sarrafzadegan
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
National Cancer Institute ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutritional Interventions ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract. Background: Minerals are required for the body’s normal function. Aim: The current study assessed the intake distribution of minerals and estimated the prevalence of inadequacy and excess among a representative sample of healthy middle aged and elderly Iranian people. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the second follow up to the Isfahan Cohort Study (ICS), 1922 generally healthy people aged 40 and older were investigated. Dietary intakes were collected using 24 hour recalls and two or more consecutive food records. Distribution of minerals intake was estimated using traditional (averaging dietary intake days) and National Cancer Institute (NCI) methods, and the results obtained from the two methods, were compared. The prevalence of minerals intake inadequacy or excess was estimated using the estimated average requirement (EAR) cut-point method, the probability approach and the tolerable upper intake levels (UL). Results: There were remarkable differences between values obtained using traditional and NCI methods, particularly in the lower and upper percentiles of the estimated intake distributions. A high prevalence of inadequacy of magnesium (50 - 100 %), calcium (21 - 93 %) and zinc (30 - 55 % for males > 50 years) was observed. Significant gender differences were found regarding inadequate intakes of calcium (21 - 76 % for males vs. 45 - 93 % for females), magnesium (92 % vs. 100 %), iron (0 vs. 15 % for age group 40 - 50 years) and zinc (29 - 55 % vs. 0 %) (all; p < 0.05). Conclusion: Severely imbalanced intakes of magnesium, calcium and zinc were observed among the middle-aged and elderly Iranian population. Nutritional interventions and population-based education to improve healthy diets among the studied population at risk are needed.

scholarly journals A Qualitative Investigation of Factors Influencing the Dietary Intakes of Professional Australian Football Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4205
Author(s):  
Sarah Jenner ◽  
Regina Belski ◽  
Brooke Devlin ◽  
Aaron Coutts ◽  
Thomas Kempton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Carbohydrate Intake ◽  
Nutrition Intervention ◽  
Dietary Advice ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Body Composition Assessment ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Australian Football

(1) Background: Many professional Australian Football (AF) players do not meet recommended sports nutrition guidelines despite having access to nutrition advice. There are a range of factors that can influence players′ ability to meet their nutrition goals and awareness of the barriers players face is essential to ensure that dietary advice translates into practice. Therefore, this qualitative research study aimed to explore the factors influencing AF players’ dietary intakes and food choice. (2) Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with twelve professional male AF players. (3) Results: Less experienced players restricted their carbohydrate intake to meet body composition goals, particularly during preseason and surrounding body composition assessment. During the competition season players had a greater focus on performance and placed more emphasis on carbohydrate intake in the lead up to matches. Players felt nutrition goals were easier to achieve when dietary choices were supported by their families and peers. One-on-one consultations provided by a sports dietitian were players′ preferred mode of nutrition intervention. Individualized nutrition advice is required for less experienced AF players who may be vulnerable to unsustainable dietary habits. Experienced AF players can support junior teammates by promoting positive team culture related to body composition, nutrition and performance.

scholarly journals Predictors of COVID-19-Related Perceived Improvements in Dietary Health: Results from a US Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 2097
Author(s):  
Kelly Cosgrove ◽  
Christopher Wharton
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Income Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Eating Habits ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Survey Responses

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in substantial lifestyle changes. No US study has identified predictors of perceived dietary healthfulness changes during the pandemic period. This study included analyses of lifestyle and dietary healthfulness changes using 958 survey responses from US primary household food purchasers. Information was collected related to demographics, COVID-19-related household changes, and health-related habits before and during the pandemic. Binary logistic regression identified predictors of perceived increase in dietary healthfulness during the pandemic period. Overall, 59.8%, 16.4%, and 23.4% of participants reported that their eating habits likely changed, may have changed, and likely did not change, respectively. Of the participants whose dietary habits likely or may have changed, 64.1%, 16.8%, and 19% reported healthier, neither healthier nor less healthy, and less healthy eating habits, respectively. COVID-19-related income loss, more meals consumed with household members in front of the television, an increase in food advertisement exposure, increased perceived stress, and better perceived current health were significant predictors of a perceived increase in dietary healthfulness. Overall, dietary habits were perceived to become healthier during the pandemic. The predictors of perceived improvement in dietary healthfulness were surprising and indicate the need for further study of these factors in crisis and noncrisis situations.

scholarly journals Breakfast skipping alone and in interaction with inflammatory based quality of diet increases the risk of higher scores of psychological problems profile in a large sample of Iranian adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahimeh Haghighatdoost ◽  
Awat Feizi ◽  
Ahmad Esmaillzadeh ◽  
Ammar Hassanzadeh Keshteli ◽  
Hamid Afshar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychological Problems ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inflammatory Index ◽  
Breakfast Skipping ◽  
Breakfast Eating ◽  
Profile Score ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The authors investigate the association of breakfast skipping and its interaction with a dietary inflammatory index (DII) with the severity of psychological disorders. A total of 2876 Iranian general adults were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Psychological problems profile score was calculated using the regression method in the framework of factor analysis based on depression, anxiety and psychological distress. The higher scores indicate more severity of mental problem. The frequency of breakfast eating in a week was assessed. Dietary intakes were assessed using a food-frequency questionnaire and twenty-seven items were included in the calculation of DII. In the crude model, individuals who ate breakfast seldom had the highest odds for having worse psychological problems profile (OR 3⋅59; 95 % CI 2⋅52, 5⋅11). Adjustment for various confounders did not change the associations (OR 3⋅35; 95 % CI 2⋅11, 5⋅32). In the adjusted multinomial logistic regression model, participants with high DII (>median) who skipped breakfast had highest risk of being in the higher tertiles of psychological problems profile compared with those who had low DII (<median) and ate breakfast (OR 6⋅67; 95 % CI 3⋅45, 12⋅90). Similar results were observed in women and men regarding the impact of breakfast skipping alone and interaction with DII on scores of psychological problems profile. Breakfast skipping is associated with higher risk of psychological problems. Similar findings were obtained in the stratified analysis by sex. Our findings confirmed that the DII and breakfast skipping are associated with mental health, interactionally. Further longitudinal studies are needed to confirm the true link between breakfast skipping and psychological problems.

scholarly journals Cardiac Rehabilitation in German Speaking Countries of Europe—Evidence-Based Guidelines from Germany, Austria and Switzerland LLKardReha-DACH—Part 2

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 3071
Author(s):  
Bernhard Schwaab ◽  
Birna Bjarnason-Wehrens ◽  
Karin Meng ◽  
Christian Albus ◽  
Annett Salzwedel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
German Speaking

Background: Scientific guidelines have been developed to update and harmonize exercise based cardiac rehabilitation (ebCR) in German speaking countries. Key recommendations for ebCR indications have recently been published in part 1 of this journal. The present part 2 updates the evidence with respect to contents and delivery of ebCR in clinical practice, focusing on exercise training (ET), psychological interventions (PI), patient education (PE). In addition, special patients’ groups and new developments, such as telemedical (Tele) or home-based ebCR, are discussed as well. Methods: Generation of evidence and search of literature have been described in part 1. Results: Well documented evidence confirms the prognostic significance of ET in patients with coronary artery disease. Positive clinical effects of ET are described in patients with congestive heart failure, heart valve surgery or intervention, adults with congenital heart disease, and peripheral arterial disease. Specific recommendations for risk stratification and adequate exercise prescription for continuous-, interval-, and strength training are given in detail. PI when added to ebCR did not show significant positive effects in general. There was a positive trend towards reduction in depressive symptoms for “distress management” and “lifestyle changes”. PE is able to increase patients’ knowledge and motivation, as well as behavior changes, regarding physical activity, dietary habits, and smoking cessation. The evidence for distinct ebCR programs in special patients’ groups is less clear. Studies on Tele-CR predominantly included low-risk patients. Hence, it is questionable, whether clinical results derived from studies in conventional ebCR may be transferred to Tele-CR. Conclusions: ET is the cornerstone of ebCR. Additional PI should be included, adjusted to the needs of the individual patient. PE is able to promote patients self-management, empowerment, and motivation. Diversity-sensitive structures should be established to interact with the needs of special patient groups and gender issues. Tele-CR should be further investigated as a valuable tool to implement ebCR more widely and effectively.

scholarly journals Measures Derived from Panoramic Ultrasonography and Animal-Based Protein Intake Are Related to Muscular Performance in Middle-Aged Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 988
Author(s):  
Nathaniel R. Johnson ◽  
Christopher J. Kotarsky ◽  
Kyle J. Hackney ◽  
Kara A. Trautman ◽  
Nathan D. Dicks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Intake ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Muscle Size ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Muscular Performance ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Ultrasonography advantageously measures skeletal muscle size and quality, but some muscles may be too large to capture with standardized brightness mode (B-mode) imaging. Panoramic ultrasonography can capture more complete images and may more accurately measure muscle size. We investigated measurements made using panoramic compared to B-mode ultrasonography images of the rectus femoris with muscular performance. Concurrently, protein intake plays an important role in preventing sarcopenia; therefore, we also sought to investigate the association between animal-based protein intake (ABPI) and muscular performance. Ninety-one middle-aged adults were recruited. Muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) and thickness were obtained using B-mode and panoramic ultrasound and analyzed with Image J software. Muscular performance was assessed using isokinetic dynamometry, a 30-s chair test, and handgrip strength. Three-day food diaries estimated dietary intakes. Linear regression models determined relationships between measures from ultrasonography and muscular performance. Mixed linear models were used to evaluate the association between ABPI and muscular performance. Muscle CSA from panoramic ultrasonography and ABPI were positively associated with lower-body strength (β ± S.E.; CSA, 42.622 ± 20.024, p = 0.005; ABPI, 65.874 ± 19.855, p = 0.001), lower-body endurance (β ± S.E.; CSA, 595 ± 200.221, p = 0.001; ABPI, 549.944 ± 232.478, p = 0.020), and handgrip strength (β ± S.E.; CSA, 6.966 ± 3.328, p = 0.004; ABPI, 0.349 ± 0.171, p = 0.045). Panoramic ultrasound shows promise as a method for assessing sarcopenia. ABPI is related to better muscular performance.

scholarly journals An Italian Survey on Dietary Habits and Changes during the COVID-19 Lockdown

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1197
Author(s):  
Luana Izzo ◽  
Antonio Santonastaso ◽  
Gaetano Cotticelli ◽  
Alessandro Federico ◽  
Severina Pacifico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
World Health ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Diet Adherence ◽  
Mediterranean Diet Adherence ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

The World Health Organization has declared the coronavirus outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern; the outbreak has led to lockdowns in several parts of the world, and sudden changes in people’s lifestyles. This study explores the impact of the first coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic period on dietary habits, lifestyle changes, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet among the Italian population, through an online questionnaire, conducted from April to May 2020, involving 1519 participants. The 14-point Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) highlighted a medium Mediterranean diet adherence in 73.5% of responders, which principally included the younger population, aged 18–30 years (p < 0.05). In regards to changes in eating habits, 33.5% of responders declared an influence of the pandemic period on nutritional practice. A decrease in alcohol consumption was reported by 81% of responders, while an increase in frozen food consumption was reported by 81.3% of responders. In addition, 58.8% reported positive weight modification (40.8%, +1–3 kg); physical activity reduction was reported for 70.5% of responders. Our study contributes toward amplifying the investigation on the dietary habits and changes of the Italian population during the COVID-19 lockdown, although the pandemic is ongoing. Similar studies should be performed around the world to understand how the emergency has impacted people’s habits.

scholarly journals Dietary Habits and Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome among Middle-aged Japanese Male Workers

2009 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rei Otsuka ◽  
Koji Tamakoshi ◽  
Hiroshi Shimokata ◽  
Hideaki Toyoshima ◽  
Hiroshi Yatsuya
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Japanese Male ◽  
Male Workers

scholarly journals Nutritional Behaviors, Vitamin Supplementation and Physical Activity among Polish Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Nutrients ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 331
Author(s):  
Bogna Gryszczyńska ◽  
Magdalena Budzyń ◽  
Joanna Grupińska ◽  
Magdalena Paulina Kasprzak ◽  
Agnieszka Gryszczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Working Women ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
The Self ◽  
Vitamin Supplementation ◽  
Anonymous Questionnaire ◽  
Gender Groups

The COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences, including social isolation, movement restrictions and work instability have altered many people’s nutritional behaviors and daily lifestyle. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on selected eating habits, physical activity and daily lifestyle changes of Polish adults (n = 145). The self-designed and anonymous questionnaire was available online from the 1 May 2021 to the 15 May 2021. In general, 60% of respondents declared that the COVID-19 pandemic did not affect their dietary habits, whereas 26% of surveyed individuals answered in the affirmative. The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on changing dietary habits was differentiated by age (Pearson’s χ2 = 12.604; p = 0.0134). The number of meals consumed by respondents per day differed across gender groups (Pearson’s χ2 = 9.653; df = 4; p = 0.0466). An increase in body weight during the COVID-19 pandemic was reported by 43% of women and 7.6% of surveyed men. Additionally, hybrid working women declared most often an increase in body mass independent of age, education level and living place. Moreover, the majority of respondents who reported the effect of the pandemic on changing dietary habits also declared more frequent sweets consumption. The study revealed that respondents who stated more frequent sweets consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic were more likely associated with an increase in body mass (OR = 6.75, 95% CI, 6.75–91.25). No increase in the consumption of vitamin D, C and Mg supplements and pickled products was found.

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