scholarly journals Impact of Low Protein and Lysine-deficient Diets on Bone Metabolism (P08-072-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Tomé ◽  
Joanna Moro ◽  
Anne Blais ◽  
Catherine Chaumontet ◽  
Patrick Even ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Collagen Synthesis ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Growing Rats ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives Low protein diet and essential amino acid deficient-diet have an impact on body weight and growth and different studies also showed an impact of lysine intake on bone metabolism. Lysine has been shown to promote the absorption of intestinal calcium and to participate in the collagen synthesis through its involvement in the reticulation process of the tropocollagen beams. The assembly of tropocollagen bundle into mature collagen fibers is essential for bone formation and remodeling (civitelli et al, 1992; Fini et al, 2001). The objective of this study was to characterize the impact of low protein diet and lysine-deficient diet on bone metabolism of growing rats. Methods Study 1: 6 group of growing rats were fed for 3 weeks different diet with different content of milk protein at levels of 3%, 5%, 8%, 12%, 15% or 20% (% total energy). Study 2: 7 group of growing rats were fed diets with different lysine content (as % of lysine requirement), for 3 weeks: 15%, 25%, 40%, 60%, 75%, 100% or 170% (% Lysine requirement). Body weight was measured daily. At the end of the experiment, the body composition was analyzed and tissues were removed for measurements of the expression of genes involved in protein and bone metabolism. Statistical analysis was done by variance analysis. Results Rats fed low protein diet (3% and 5% of milk protein), compared to control have a lower growth, with a lower body weight and naso-anal length. This weak growth was associated with a lower lean body mass, and also had an impact on bone metabolism. There was a decrease in the bone mineral density, bone mineral content and femur size, associated with a decrease of markers of bone turnover and formation. The same results on bone metabolism were observed on rats fed the 85% lysine deficient diet. Conclusions Low protein diet and lysine-deficient diet reduce growth and bone metabolism. The impact of low protein diet could be related to the lysine deficiency, which have an impact on the calcium intestinal absorption and on collagen synthesis. Funding Sources INRA, AgroParisTech. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

scholarly journals Paternal low protein diet affects adult offspring cardiovascular and metabolic function in mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 306 (10) ◽  
pp. H1444-H1452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam J. Watkins ◽  
Kevin D. Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Male Offspring ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Adult Offspring ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
The Impact

Although the association between maternal periconceptional diet and adult offspring health is well characterised, our understanding of the impact of paternal nutrition at the time of conception on offspring phenotype remains poorly defined. Therefore, we determined the effect of a paternal preconception low protein diet (LPD) on adult offspring cardiovascular and metabolic health in mice. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed either normal protein diet (NPD; 18% casein) or LPD (9% casein) for 7 wk before mating. At birth, a reduced male-to-female ratio ( P = 0.03) and increased male offspring weight ( P = 0.009) were observed in litters from LPD compared with NPD stud males with no differences in mean litter size. LPD offspring were heavier than NPD offspring at 2 and 3 wk of age ( P < 0.02). However, no subsequent differences in body weight were observed. Adult male offspring derived from LPD studs developed relative hypotension (decreased by 9.2 mmHg) and elevated heart rate ( P < 0.05), whereas both male and female offspring displayed vascular dysfunction and impaired glucose tolerance relative to NPD offspring. At cull (24 wk), LPD males had elevated adiposity ( P = 0.04), reduced heart-to-body weight ratio ( P = 0.04), and elevated circulating TNF-α levels ( P = 0.015) compared with NPD males. Transcript expression in offspring heart and liver tissue was reduced for genes involved in calcium signaling ( Adcy, Plcb, Prkcb) and metabolism ( Fto) in LPD offspring ( P < 0.03). These novel data reveal the impact of suboptimal paternal nutrition on adult offspring cardiovascular and metabolic homeostasis, and provide some insight into the underlying regulatory mechanisms.

scholarly journals Severe protein deficiency induces hepatic expression and systemic level of FGF21 but inhibits its hypothalamic expression in growing rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Moro ◽  
Catherine Chaumontet ◽  
Patrick C. Even ◽  
Anne Blais ◽  
Julien Piedcoq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Deficiency ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Growing Rats ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Protein Diets

AbstractTo study, in young growing rats, the consequences of different levels of dietary protein deficiency on food intake, body weight, body composition, and energy balance and to assess the role of FGF21 in the adaptation to a low protein diet. Thirty-six weanling rats were fed diets containing 3%, 5%, 8%, 12%, 15% and 20% protein for three weeks. Body weight, food intake, energy expenditure and metabolic parameters were followed throughout this period. The very low-protein diets (3% and 5%) induced a large decrease in body weight gain and an increase in energy intake relative to body mass. No gain in fat mass was observed because energy expenditure increased in proportion to energy intake. As expected, Fgf21 expression in the liver and plasma FGF21 increased with low-protein diets, but Fgf21 expression in the hypothalamus decreased. Under low protein diets (3% and 5%), the increase in liver Fgf21 and the decrease of Fgf21 in the hypothalamus induced an increase in energy expenditure and the decrease in the satiety signal responsible for hyperphagia. Our results highlight that when dietary protein decreases below 8%, the liver detects the low protein diet and responds by activating synthesis and secretion of FGF21 in order to activate an endocrine signal that induces metabolic adaptation. The hypothalamus, in comparison, responds to protein deficiency when dietary protein decreases below 5%.

scholarly journals Low protein diet changes the energetic balance and sympathetic activity in brown adipose tissue of growing rats

Nutrition ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 1186-1192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suélem Aparecida de França ◽  
Maísa Pavani dos Santos ◽  
Maria Antonieta Rissato Garófalo ◽  
Luiz Carlos Navegantes ◽  
Isis do Carmo Kettelhut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Growing Rats ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Energetic Balance

Increased NaCl preference of rats fed low-protein diet

1996 ◽  
Vol 270 (6) ◽  
pp. R1189-R1196 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Okiyama ◽  
K. Torii ◽  
M. G. Tordoff
Keyword(s):  
Control Diet ◽  
Physiological Mechanism ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Calcium Deficiency ◽  
Protein Deficiency ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Sodium Balance ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Low Protein

Four studies were conducted to assess the effect of a low-protein diet on NaCl intake. Young rats fed either control (20% casein) or low-protein (5% casein) high-carbohydrate (CHO) diet were allowed to drink either water alone or water and 300 mM NaCl. Relative to rats fed control diet, rats fed the low-protein diet progressively increased NaCl intake so that, despite lower food and water intakes, they drank 180% more NaCl during the last 3 days of the 21-day test. Additional studies found that rats fed low-protein diet always maintained positive sodium balance, were neither sodium depleted nor hypovolemic, and had normal plasma renin activity and aldosterone concentrations. The elevated NaCl intake was not secondary to calcium deficiency and was unaffected by mineral supplementation of the protein-deficient diet. Increases in the diet's CH and/or fat content incidental to decreases in its protein content influenced, but could not completely account for, the effect of protein deficiency on NaCl intake. We conclude that protein deficiency is the primary cause of the elevated NaCl preference produced by being fed a low-protein diet and that a novel physiological mechanism underlies this behavior.

Effect of nutrition on growth and somatomedin A levels in the rat

1980 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazue Takano ◽  
Naomi Hizuka ◽  
Kazuo Shizume ◽  
Yoko Hasumi ◽  
Toshio Tsushima
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Hypophysectomized Rats ◽  
Fat Diets

Abstract. Serum somatomedin A was significantly reduced after 3 days of fasting in rats with a mean decrease of 23.6 ± 2.4% (N = 18) of initial values. Re-feeding for one day produced a definite increase in somatomedin A, with a rise in body weight. When re-fed isocalorically for 21 days with diets of different quality, a low protein diet led to smaller increases in both seum somatomedin A and body weight in comparison to those of control-, high-protein- and high fat-diets (P < 0.001). There is a positive correlation between the increase in body weight and serum somatomedin A levels (N = 70, r = 0.71, P< 0.001). The effect of growth hormone on somatomedin generation was abolished in hypophysectomized rats fed with low-protein diet. Our study suggests that protein in the diet is important for the generation of somatomedin A, which is necessary for normal growth.

scholarly journals The regulation of protein synthesis in the liver of rats. Mechanisms of dietary amino acid control in the immature animal

1968 ◽  
Vol 107 (5) ◽  
pp. 615-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Wannemacher ◽  
W. K. Cooper ◽  
M. B. Yatvin
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Specific Radioactivity ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Rna Content ◽  
Cytoplasmic Rna

Weanling (23-day-old) rats were fed either on an amino acid-deficient diet (6% of casein, which in effect represents an ‘amino acid-deficient’ diet) or on a diet containing an adequate amount of protein (18% of casein) for 28 days. The hepatic cells from the animals fed on the low-protein diet were characterized by low amino acid content, almost complete inhibition of cell proliferation and a marked decrease in cell volume, protein content and concentration of cytoplasmic RNA compared with cells from control rats. The lower concentration of cytoplasmic RNA was correlated with a decreased ribosomal-RNA content, of which a larger proportion was in the form of free ribosomes. The protein-synthetic competence and messenger-RNA content of isolated ribosomes from liver cells of protein-deprived animals were 40–50% of those noted in controls. At 1hr. after an injection of radioactive uridine, the specific radioactivity of liver total RNA was greater in the group fed on the low-protein diet, but the amount of label that was associated with cytoplasmic RNA or ribosomes was significantly less than that noted in control animals. From these data it was concluded that dietary amino acids regulate hepatic protein synthesis (1) by affecting the ability of polyribosomes to synthesize protein and (2) by influencing the concentration of cytoplasmic ribosomes. It is also tentatively hypothesized that the former process may be directly related to the concentration of cellular free amino acids, whereas the latter could be correlated with the ability of newly synthesized ribosomal sub-units to leave the nucleus.

Schistosoma japonicum and Trichuris suis infections in pigs fed diets with high and low protein

Parasitology ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. JOHANSEN ◽  
H. O. BØGH ◽  
H. GIVER ◽  
L. ERIKSEN ◽  
P. NANSEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Japonicum ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Albumin Concentration ◽  
Trichuris Suis ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Time Of Infection ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the study was to measure the impact of Schistosoma japonicum and Trichuris suis infections in young growing pigs fed low- or high-protein diets. Thirty-two pigs, 6–10 weeks old, were randomly allocated to 2 groups receiving either a high- or a low-protein diet. After 11 weeks half of the pigs from each group were infected with 1500 S. japonicum cercariae and 4000 T. suis eggs. The weight of the pigs was measured throughout the study, and blood and faecal samples were collected every second week from the time of infection. At the time of infection the low-protein pigs had significantly lower mean body weights, haemoglobin and albumin levels compared with the high-protein pigs, and this pattern continued throughout the study. The serum albumin concentration was further significantly reduced in the infected low-protein pigs compared to the non-infected low-protein pigs. Significantly more S. japonicum worms as well as faecal and tissue eggs were found in the low-protein pigs compared with the high-protein pigs. No differences between the 2 diet groups were observed in T. suis establishment rates or faecal egg excretion. We conclude that this low-protein diet increased the establishment rates of S. japonicum, favoured larger deposits of S. japonicum eggs in the liver and faecal egg excretion, reduced weight gains and caused anaemia and hypoalbuminaemia in young growing pigs as compared with a high-protein diet.

scholarly journals The growth and development of rats given a low-protein diet

1972 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. T. Dickerson ◽  
P. C. R. Hughes ◽  
P. A. McAnulty
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Casein Diet ◽  
Control Value ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
The Brain

1. Weanling (24-d-old) rats of a black and white hooded strain were allowed free access for 28 d to a diet containing 5% casein supplemented with methionine, and sucrose as the carbohydrate. Controls were fed on a 25% casein diet with a corresponding reduction in sucrose. Animals given the deficient diet were killed either at 52 d of age or after subsequent rehabilitation on the 25% casein diet when aged 140 d. These animals were compared with controls killed at these two ages and at the start of the experiment.2. The skeletons were X-rayed, skeletal maturity was determined according to a scoring system, and various bones were measured. The forebrain and cerebellum were analysed for cholesterol and DNA and the brain stem for cholesterol only. The DNA content of the paired quadriceps muscles and the livers was also determined.3. On the low-protein diet the body-weight rose by 7 g compared with the control value of 115 g. On rehabilitation, the body-weight of the previously malnourished group showed the expected growth spurt, but failed to attain that of the controls at 140 d.4. With the exception of the pelvis width, all the bones grew a little during the period on the low-protein diet. After rehabilitation, the hind limb, pelvis, iliac and spine lengths and the bi-iliac width remained smaller than these measurements in the corresponding controls, whereas there was no difference in the length of the fore limb, width of the pelvis or in the bone maturity score.5. The forebrains and cerebellums of the malnourished rats did not increase in weight, whereas some increase occurred in the brain stem. The concentration of cholesterol in the forebrains of the deficient animals was the same as that in controls of the same age, but on rehabilitation the concentration did not rise to the control value. The concentration of cholesterol in the cerebellum and brain stem of the deficient rats was lower than in controls of the same age but, whereas that in the cerebellum attained an almost normal level on rehabilitation, that in the brain stem remained significantly lower. The low-protein diet prevented the normal increase in cerebellum DNA and the amount remained low in the rehabilitated animals.6. The experimental diet caused a complete cessation of growth of the quadriceps muscles, and even after rehabilitation they weighed less than their controls. The DNA content, however, was not significantly lower.7. The low-protein diet did not permanently affect either the weight or DNA content of the liver.

scholarly journals BIOCHEMICAL EFFECT OF A HIGH DOSE OF THAUMATIN IN WISTAR RATS

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 304
Author(s):  
Warid Khayata ◽  
Ahmad Kamri ◽  
Rasha Alsaleh
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
High Dose ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Low Protein

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this work was to investigate the capability of a high dose of thaumatin; a sweet tasting protein, of improving induced protein malnutrition in male Wistar rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For this study, 12 rats were divided into 2 groups and treated orally along with a high-carbohydrate, low-protein diet as follows: water group as a negative control, and thaumatin group at a dose of 464 mg/kg for 3 consecutive w. Blood samples were collected to analyse glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and total protein, and body weight was measured. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was carried out at the end of the experiment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Despite the high amount of<strong> </strong>thaumatin used, only a slight increase in blood glucose occurred and was within the normal range, whereas serum triglycerides and cholesterol decreased significantly unlike control. Body weight had declined in both groups due to a low-protein diet, while total protein and glucose tolerance remained unchanged.</p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is found that<strong> </strong>thaumatin is safe to consume by Wistar rats even at high doses. Besides that high-carbohydrate, low-protein diet caused falling of body weight, it had drawbacks of increased triglycerides and cholesterol levels which can be useful to create animal models of abnormal lipid metabolism without obesity. However, simultaneous ingestion of thaumatin with this diet had altered the outcomes to the best case. In future, it may be possible to use this combination for achieving healthy eating patterns without drug intervention that is needed for obese patients with various dysglycemia or dyslipidemia manifestations and people following regimes for weight reduction.<p> </p>

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