scholarly journals P434 Factors associated with medical and psycosocioeconomic changes in IBD during the COVID-19 pandemic and post-pandemic period

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S436-S436
Author(s):  
S Hu ◽  
X Wang ◽  
B Shen ◽  
Q Yu ◽  
J J Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Active Disease ◽  
Part Time Work

Abstract Background The pandemic of COVID-19 had posed challenges in every aspect of the people’s life. COVID-19 had affected all age groups in both previously healthy individuals and those with chronic disease including IBD. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence and factors associated with psychosocioeconomical and medical changes in patients with IBD during the COVID-19 pandemic and post-pandemicperiod in China. Methods The survey questionnaires were sent to the patients with IBD in China including epicentres and outside. Bivariate analyses and logistic regression models were used to analysis associations between IBD and various demographic, disease factors, and patient-reported outcomes including working conditions, income, anxiety, stress, and sadness. Results Of the 2277 respondents, 144 (6.3%) respondents were from Hubei province which was the epicenter of COVID-19 in China. Multivariable regression demonstrated that patients had part-time work (odds ratio [OR]: 4.28; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.48-7.36; P<0.001) or those had middle education level (high school graduate and bachelor’s degree) (OR:7.28; 95%CI: 3.58-14.81; P<0.001) were more likely to have reduced income compared with those had full-time work or less than high school education level. In addition, female (OR: 1.41; 95%CI: 1.16-1.71; P= 0.01) patients were at higher risk of having an anxiety, stress and sadness disorder. While un-married patients (OR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.63-0.91; P=0.003) patients were less likely to have mood changes. Moreover, IBD patients with active disease (OR: 4.79; 95% CI: 3.87-5.91; P<0.001) were at higher risk of IBD medication changes. Conclusion The results from this large survey demonstrated that the COVID-19 pandemic affected the patients with IBD financially, psychosocially, and medically. Our findings highlighted the importance of screening for psychosocioeconomic and medical changes in patients with IBD, with particular attention to those of female sex, have part-time work, and active disease. Our IBD community needs to develop effective and feasible strategies to deal with current and future challenges such as a viral pandemic.

Relationship between education level and holding a full-time or part-time employment (Portugal 2006-2016)

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz López Bermúdez ◽  
Carla Sofia Oliveira Silva ◽  
María Jesús Freire-Seoane
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
High Probability ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Part Time Work

The 2008 economic crisis produced significant setbacks in economic growth in developed countries, and countries like Portugal, in particular,were seriously harmed. Human capital is a factor of production which provides benefits to both individuals and society and, as such, it is crucial when analysing countries’ economic revivals. This article’s goal is to carry out a study of the likelihood of being employed in Portugal between 2006 and 2016, differentiating between full-time and part-time work, according to the maximum level of study attained. The results show that individuals with higher education have a high probability of having full-time work.

scholarly journals Relationship between education level and holding a full-time or part-time employment (Portugal 2006-2016)

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz López Bermúdez ◽  
Carla Sofia Oliveira Silva ◽  
María Jesús Freire-Seoane
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
High Probability ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Part Time Work

The 2008 economic crisis produced significant setbacks in economic growth in developed countries, and countries like Portugal, in particular,were seriously harmed. Human capital is a factor of production which provides benefits to both individuals and society and, as such, it is crucial when analysing countries’ economic revivals. This article’s goal is to carry out a study of the likelihood of being employed in Portugal between 2006 and 2016, differentiating between full-time and part-time work, according to the maximum level of study attained. The results show that individuals with higher education have a high probability of having full-time work.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with the Prevalence of Precarious Positions in Canadian Libraries: Statistical Analysis of a National Job Board

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 78-102
Author(s):  
Ean Henninger ◽  
Adena Brons ◽  
Chloe Riley ◽  
Crystal Yin
Keyword(s):  
Education Level ◽  
Advanced Degrees ◽  
Institution Type ◽  
Precarious Work ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Job Type ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Managerial Positions ◽  
Part Time Work

Abstract Objective - To collect and share information about the prevalence of precarious work in libraries and the factors associated with it. Methods - The authors collected and coded job postings from a nationwide job board in Canada for two years. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to explore the extent of precarity and its relationship with job characteristics such as job type, institution type, education level, and minimum required experience. Results - The authors collected 1,968 postings, of which 842 (42.8%) were coded as precarious in some way. The most common types of precarious work were contracts (29.1% of all postings) and part-time work (22.7% of all postings). Contracts were most prevalent in and significantly associated with academic libraries and librarian positions, and they were most often one year in length. Both on-call and part-time work were most prevalent in school libraries and for library technicians and assistants, and they were significantly associated with all institution types either positively or negatively. Meanwhile, precarious positions overall were least prevalent in government and managerial positions. In terms of education, jobs requiring a secondary diploma or library technician diploma were most likely to be precarious, while positions requiring an MLIS were least likely. The mean minimum required experience was lower for all types of precarious positions than for stable positions, and the prevalence of precarity generally decreased as minimum required experience increased. Conclusion - The proportion of precarious positions advertised in Canada is substantial and seems to be growing over time. Based on these postings, employees with less experience, without advanced degrees, or in library technician and assistant roles are more likely to be precarious, while those with managerial positions, advanced degrees, or more experience, are less likely to be precarious. Variations in precarity based on factors such as job type, institution type, education level, and minimum required experience suggest that employees will experience precarity differently both within and across library systems.

The Politics of Part-Time Work: Gender, Employment Status, and Preferences for Redistribution

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-38
Author(s):  
David S. Pedulla ◽  
Michael J. Donnelly
Keyword(s):  
Employment Status ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Preferences For Redistribution ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Part Time Work

Abstract The social and economic forces that shape attitudes toward the welfare state are of central concern to social scientists. Scholarship in this area has paid limited attention to how working part-time, the employment status of nearly 20% of the U.S. workforce, affects redistribution preferences. In this article, we theoretically develop and empirically test an argument about the ways that part-time work, and its relationship to gender, shape redistribution preferences. We articulate two gender-differentiated pathways—one material and one about threats to social status—through which part-time work and gender may jointly shape individuals’ preferences for redistribution. We test our argument using cross-sectional and panel data from the General Social Survey in the United States. We find that the positive relationship between part-time employment, compared to full-time employment, and redistribution preferences is stronger for men than for women. Indeed, we do not detect a relationship between part-time work and redistribution preferences among women. Our results provide support for a gendered relationship between part-time employment and redistribution preferences and demonstrate that both material and status-based mechanisms shape this association.

The Effects of Part-Time Work on Women's Occupational Mobility in Britain: Evidence from the 1958 Birth Cohort Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 222 ◽  
pp. R20-R37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirley Dex ◽  
Erzsébet Bukodi
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Occupational Mobility ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Downward Mobility ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Part Time Work

The effects of working part time on job downgrading and upgrading are examined over the life course of British women born in 1958. We use longitudinal data with complete work histories from a large-scale nationally representative cohort study. Occupations were ranked by their hourly average earnings. Analyses show a strong link between full-time/part-time transitions and downward and upward occupational mobility over the course of up to thirty years of employment. Probabilities of occupational mobility were affected by women's personal traits, occupational characteristics and demand-side factors. Downward mobility on moving from full-time to part-time work was more likely for women at the top levels of the occupational hierarchy working in male-dominated or mixed occupations and less likely in higher occupations with more part-time jobs available.

scholarly journals Gender Roles and Employment Pathways of Older Women and Men in England

SAGE Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 215824401774269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariska van der Horst ◽  
David Lain ◽  
Sarah Vickerstaff ◽  
Charlotte Clark ◽  
Ben Baumberg Geiger
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male Breadwinner ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Part Time Work

In the context of population aging, the U.K. government is encouraging people to work longer and delay retirement, and it is claimed that many people now make “gradual” transitions from full-time to part-time work to retirement. Part-time employment in older age may, however, be largely due to women working part-time before older age, as per a U.K. “modified male breadwinner” model. This article therefore separately examines the extent to which men and women make transitions into part-time work in older age, and whether such transitions are influenced by marital status. Following older men and women over a 10-year period using the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, this article presents sequence, cluster, and multinomial logistic regression analyses. Little evidence is found for people moving into part-time work in older age. Typically, women did not work at all or they worked part-time (with some remaining in part-time work and some retiring/exiting from this activity). Consistent with a “modified male breadwinner” logic, marriage was positively related to the likelihood of women belonging to typically “female employment pathway clusters,” which mostly consist of part-time work or not being employed. Men were mostly working full-time regardless of marital status. Attempts to extend working lives among older women are therefore likely to be complicated by the influence of traditional gender roles on employment.

Inclusion and Exclusion in Hiring

2020 ◽  
pp. 67-85
Author(s):  
David S. Pedulla
Keyword(s):  
Full Time ◽  
Employment History ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Employment Skills ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Employment Experience ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Time Standard ◽  
Part Time Work

This chapter delves into the effects of each type of employment experience—part-time work, temporary agency employment, skills underutilization, and long-term unemployment. These are compared to full-time, standard employment on applicants' likelihood of receiving a callback for a job. As the chapter shows, the effects are largely contingent. First, they are contingent on the type of employment history. Each type of employment experience—part-time work versus temporary agency employment, for instance—does not result in the same treatment from hiring professionals. Second, the consequences of a particular employment experience are contingent on the race and gender of the worker. Indeed, it is difficult to isolate the effect of a given employment history from the way it is refracted through a worker's social group membership.

Dualisation or normalisation of part-time work in the Nordic countries: work insecurity and mobility over time

2019 ◽  
pp. 217-242
Author(s):  
Jouko Nätti ◽  
Kristine Nergaard
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
High Stability ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
Work Insecurity ◽  
Part Time Work ◽  
Over Time

In this chapter we discuss the development of part-time work in Finland and Norway and ask if there is a trend towards more marginalised part-time work also in the well-regulated Nordic labour markets. Furthermore, we investigate if there are differences between Norway, with its long tradition for normalised part-time jobs among women, and Finland, where full-time work has been the normal choice for women. Part-time jobs are more common among young persons, women, and in the service sectors. In both countries, part-time jobs are more insecure than full-time jobs. However, there is no strong tendency towards more insecure part-time jobs over time. We also examine mobility from part-time jobs to other positions in the labour market. In both countries, part-time work is characterised by high stability. Hence, the results do not give support for increased polarisation in terms of increased work insecurity among part-time employees. in terms of increased work insecurity among part-time employees.

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