Comparison of AOAC and ISO Methods for Extraction of Water-Soluble Phosphates in Fertilizers

1989 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 860-862
Author(s):  
James A Farley
Keyword(s):  
Water Soluble ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Phosphate Fertilizers ◽  
International Organization For Standardization ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Aoac Method

Abstract A wide range of phosphate fertilizers were analyzed for watersoluble phosphorus to compare 2 recognized methods: AOAC method 2.040 and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) method No. 5316. In general, the ISO method extracted more phosphorus from triple and normal superphosphates; the AOAC method extracted more phosphorus from diammonium, monoammonium, and nitric phosphates. Both methods exhibited similar precision. The results indicate that care must be exercised when data for watersoluble phosphate are reported.

Vacuum Desiccation Methods for Determination of Free Water in Fertilizers: Interlaboratory Comparison

1980 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 554-555
Author(s):  
Russell D Duncan ◽  
◽  
C H McBride ◽  
E J Hube ◽  
P Kane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interlaboratory Comparison ◽  
Free Water ◽  
International Organization ◽  
International Organization For Standardization ◽  
Aoac Method

Abstract A vacuum desiccation method for determining free water in fertilizer, proposed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), was compared to the official AOAC vacuum desiccation method (2.013). The combined results of 4 U.S. laboratories showed, on the basis of 5 samples, that precision was better by the ISO method, but results were lower for 4 of the 5 samples. The AOAC method gave a slightly lower result for one sample.

Collaborative Study of Methods for the Determination of Chloride, Citrate, and Phosphate in Processed Cheese

1976 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 1142-1145
Author(s):  
Henry R Brzenk ◽  
O Joseph Krett
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Error Component ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Processed Cheese ◽  
International Organization For Standardization ◽  
Laboratory Error ◽  
Aoac Method ◽  
International Dairy Federation

Abstract A collaborative study was conducted to compare the International Dairy Federation (IDF)/International Organization for Standardization (ISO)/Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) proposed methods for the determination of chloride and citrate in processed cheese with the corresponding current AOAC methods. Since there is no current AOAC method for phosphate, only the IDF/ISO/AOAC method was used. Five samples of processed cheese were prepared with varying added amounts of the anions of interest. The samples were analyzed in duplicate by 7 collaborating laboratories. For chloride, both methods are comparable, but since the IDF/ISO/AOAC method is simpler and faster it has been adopted as official first action to replace the current AOAC method, 16.224. For citrate, the colorimetric IDF/ISO/AOAC method is more rapid and simpler than the current AOAC gravimetric method. However, the AOAC method is more precise. Therefore, the proposed method has been adopted as official first action as an alternative to 16.237. For phosphate, 2 of the 7 laboratories were outliers by the Youden ranking test but the results by the remaining laboratories appear satisfactory. The phosphate method should receive further study to reduce the between-laboratory error component.

Ruggedness Test for Ashing Methods in Feed: Comparison of Proposed Method of the International Organization for Standardization with AOAC Method

1977 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 842-844
Author(s):  
Laszlo Torma
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Content ◽  
Statistical Evaluation ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Test Portion ◽  
International Organization For Standardization ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Aoac Method ◽  
Time Required

Abstract A Youden ruggedness test was performed on the determination of ash in feeds to compare the proposed method of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) with the official AOAC method. Three samples which contained low, medium, and high ash were analyzed. Six variables were studied : material of the ashing dishes, test portion, preliminary ashing, ashing temperature, ashing time, and additional ashing. Statistical evaluation of the ruggedness test indicated that for Sample A (5.41% average ash), the factors under study did not influence the ash recovery; for Sample B (10.84% average ash), changes in temperature influenced the ash recovery; and for Sample C (13.97% average ash), changes in preliminary ashing, temperature, and additional ashing appeared to influence the ash recovery. It is recommended that the composition of ash be studied further in order to evaluate the temperature and ashing time required to determine nutritionally valuable mineral content.

Flour Acidity Comparisons as Related to Fat Acidity Methods of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists and the International Organization for Standardization

1990 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 626-627
Author(s):  
Gregory D Parker ◽  
Ralph H Lane
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Whole Wheat Flour ◽  
International Organization For Standardization ◽  
Whole Wheat ◽  
Aoac Method ◽  
Flour Sample

Abstract Acidity data were compared of selected flour samples obtained by methods of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) with and without toluene as a part of the titration medium. In all cases, the ISO method produced significantly higher fat acidity values (P < 0.001) than the AOAC method, probably as a result of greater extraction of acidic materials with the more polar solvent, 95% alcohol, than with petroleum ether. Except for a whole wheat flour sample, no differences (P > 0.05) existed between fat acidity values produced by AOAC methodology consisting of titration of the evaporated petroleum ether extract of the flour in a medium of equal volumes of 95% alcohol and toluene as prescribed In the official method (14.069-14.071), or In a medium of 95% alcohol alone. Based on the data and the potential toxicity of toluene, a collaborative study Is recommended to determine the Influence of Its removal from the official AOAC method. Fat

Microsponges: An Overview

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Hussain ◽  
Divya Juyal ◽  
Archana Dhyani
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Oral Delivery ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Topical Delivery ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Porous Beads

Microsponge and Nanosponge delivery System was originally developed for topical delivery of drugs can also be used for controlled oral delivery of drugs using water soluble and bioerodible polymers. Microsponge delivery system (MDS) can entrap wide range of drugs and then release them onto the skin over a time by difussion mechanism to the skin. It is a unique technology for the controlled release of topical agents and consists of nano or micro porous beads loaded with active agent and also use for oral delivery of drugs using bioerodible polymers.

SOLUÇÃO DE PROBLEMAS NA ASSOCIAÇÃO COMERCIAL E INDUSTRIAL DE ANÁPOLIS COM O USO DA NBR ISO: 9001

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-42
Author(s):  
Keliany Marçal Silva ◽  
Juliana Luíza Moreira Del Fiaco
Keyword(s):  
International Organization ◽  
Iso 9001 ◽  
International Organization For Standardization

A implantação das normas aplicadas pela ISO (International Organization for Standardization) pode ser benéfica ou não para as organizações, dependendo da forma como são aplicadas. Este artigo fruto de pesquisa analisou se a Associação Comercial e Industrial de Anápolis (ACIA) aplicou bem o Sistema de Gestão da Qualidade (SGQ) e assim teve como objetivo geral identificar possíveis prós e contras da implantação da ISO no trabalho cotidiano dos seus colaboradores internos, e por, objetivos específicos: relatar como os colaboradores da ACIA entendem e utilizam a ISO; caracterizar as melhorias no trabalho interno dos colaboradores pós implantação do SGQ e avaliar as melhorias que o SGQ provocou na instituição. Para atingir tais metas, realizou-se uma pesquisa descritiva, explicativa e bibliográfica, sendo necessário entrevistar os colaboradores por meio de aplicação de questionários para 22 sujeitos da pesquisa, que revelaram conforme os resultados apresentados a seguir, que estes não veem a participação necessária da gestão nos quesitos relacionados à NBR ISO:9001 que está implantada na empresa e precisa de manutenção constante, porém, acreditam que quando bem controlado, o sistema pode gerar economicidade, organização e padronização, sendo benéfico para o trabalho rotineiro.

The content of decenoic acids in drone brood preparations and combined preparations based on it

Biomics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-393
Author(s):  
D.V. Mitrofanov ◽  
N.V. Budnikova
Keyword(s):  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Drone Brood ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Melanin Complex

The drone brood contains a large number of substances with antioxidant activity. These substances require stabilization and strict adherence to storage conditions. Among these substances are unique decenoic acids, the content of which is an indicator of the quality of drone brood and products based on it. The ability of drone brood to reduce the manifestations of oxidative stress is shown. There are dietary supplements for food and drugs based on drone brood, which are used for a wide range of diseases. Together with drone brood, chitosan-containing products, propolis, royal jelly can be used. They enrich the composition with their own biologically active substances and affect the preservation of the biologically active substances of the drone brood. Promising are the products containing, in addition to the drone brood, a chitin-chitosan-melanin complex from bees, propolis, royal jelly. The chitin-chitosan-melanin complex in the amount of 5% in the composition of the adsorbent practically does not affect the preservation of decenic acids, while in the amount of 2% and 10% it somewhat worsens. The acid-soluble and water-soluble chitosan of marine crustaceans significantly worsens the preservation of decenoic acids in the product. Drone brood with royal jelly demonstrates a rather high content of decenoic acids. When propolis is introduced into the composition of the product, the content of decenoic acids increases according to the content of propolis.

International Ergonomics Standards—Making Professional Inputs

1978 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 425-425
Author(s):  
John V. Fechter
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Special Interest ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Personal Safety ◽  
International Organization For Standardization

The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has many different committees, each devoted to a particular standards making area. Three committees of special interest to members of the Human Factors Society are: TC73 - Consumer Questions TC94 - Personal Safety, and TC159 - Ergonomics.

Comparison of Methods for Determining Biuret in Urea

1979 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-159
Author(s):  
Luis F Corominas ◽  
Victor M Boy ◽  
Manuel Guijosa
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Spectrophotometric Determination ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Comparison Of Methods ◽  
Definite Advantage ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Alternative Procedures ◽  
Aoac Method

Abstract The official first action AOAC method for the spectrophotometric determination of biuret in urea, 2.072—2.074, was compared with official first action AOAC method 2.C01-2.C03 (atomic absorption spectrophotometry), 2 simplified versions of 2.072-2.074, and modified versions of 2 alternative procedures of the International Organization for Standardization. Three synthetic urea samples (0.3, 1.4, and 3.0% biuret) and 1 commercial urea sample (1.0% biuret) were analyzed. The methods proved to be equivalent and none showed a definite advantage over 2.072-2.074. The purification of biuret and the interference by ammonia are also discussed.

scholarly journals Two-photon polymerization nanolithography technology for fabrication of stimulus-responsive micro/nano-structures for biomedical applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1118-1136
Author(s):  
Zhenjia Huang ◽  
Gary Chi-Pong Tsui ◽  
Yu Deng ◽  
Chak-Yin Tang
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Fabrication Technology ◽  
Nano Fabrication ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Nano Structures ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Stimulus Responsive ◽  
Two Photon Polymerization

AbstractMicro/nano-fabrication technology via two-photon polymerization (TPP) nanolithography is a powerful and useful manufacturing tool that is capable of generating two dimensional (2D) to three dimensional (3D) arbitrary micro/nano-structures of various materials with a high spatial resolution. This technology has received tremendous interest in cell and tissue engineering and medical microdevices because of its remarkable fabrication capability for sophisticated structures from macro- to nano-scale, which are difficult to be achieved by traditional methods with limited microarchitecture controllability. To fabricate precisely designed 3D micro/nano-structures for biomedical applications via TPP nanolithography, the use of photoinitiators (PIs) and photoresists needs to be considered comprehensively and systematically. In this review, widely used commercially available PIs are first discussed, followed by elucidating synthesis strategies of water-soluble initiators for biomedical applications. In addition to the conventional photoresists, the distinctive properties of customized stimulus-responsive photoresists are discussed. Finally, current limitations and challenges in the material and fabrication aspects and an outlook for future prospects of TPP for biomedical applications based on different biocompatible photosensitive composites are discussed comprehensively. In all, this review provides a basic understanding of TPP technology and important roles of PIs and photoresists for fabricating high-precision stimulus-responsive micro/nano-structures for a wide range of biomedical applications.

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