scholarly journals Subtype-Specific Breast Cancer Incidence Rates in Black versus White Men in the United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyuna Sung ◽  
Carol DeSantis ◽  
Ahmedin Jemal
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
United States ◽  
Black Women ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
White Women ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Breast Cancer Subtype ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
The United States ◽  
Incidence Rates

Abstract Compared with white women, black women have higher incidence rates for triple-negative breast cancer but lower rates for hormone receptor (HR)–positive cancers in the United States. Whether similar racial difference occurs in male breast cancer is unclear. We examined racial differences in incidence rates of breast cancer subtypes defined by HR and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) by sex using nationwide data from 2010 to 2016. Among men, rates were higher in blacks than whites for all subtypes, with the black-to-white incidence rate ratios of 1.41 (95% confidence interval [CI ]= 1.32 to 1.50) for HR+/HER-, 1.65 (95% CI = 1.40 to 1.93) for HR+/HER2+, 2.62 (95% CI = 1.48 to 4.43) for HR-/HER2+, and 2.27 (95% CI = 1.67 to 3.03) for triple-negative subtype. Conversely, among women, rates in blacks were 21% lower for HR+/HER2- and comparable for HR+/HER2+ but 29% and 93% higher for HR-/HER2+ and triple-negative subtypes, respectively. Future studies are needed to identify contributing factors to the dissimilar racial patterns in breast cancer subtype incidence between men and women.

Incidence of Invasive Breast Cancer by Hormone Receptor Status From 1992 to 1998

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher I. Li ◽  
Janet R. Daling ◽  
Kathleen E. Malone
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
United States ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Hormone Receptor ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
The United States ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Hormone Receptor Status ◽  
Receptor Status ◽  
Cancer Incidence Rates

Purpose: Between 1987 and 1998, breast cancer incidence rates rose 0.5%/yr in the United States. A question of potential etiologic and clinical importance is whether the hormone receptor status of breast tumors is also changing over time. This is because hormone receptor status may reflect different etiologic pathways and is useful in predicting response to adjuvant therapy and prognosis. Methods: Age-adjusted, age-specific breast cancer incidence rates by estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) status from 1992 to 1998 were obtained and compared from 11 population-based cancer registries in the United States that participate in the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program. Results: From 1992 to1998, the overall proportion of breast cancers that were ER-positive and PR-positive increased from 75.4% to 77.5% (P = .0002) and from 65.0% to 67.7% (P < .0001), respectively, continuing trends observed before 1992. These increases were limited to women 40 to 69 years of age. The proportions of ER-positive/PR-positive tumors increased from 56.7% to 62.3% (P = .0010) among 40- to 49-year-olds, from 58.0% to 63.2% (P = .0002) among 50- to 59-year-olds, and from 63.2% to 67.9% (P = .0020) among 60- to 69-year-olds. Conclusion: From 1992 to 1998, the proportion of tumors that are hormone receptor–positive rose as the proportion of hormone receptor–negative tumors declined. Because the incidence rates of hormone receptor–negative tumors remained fairly constant over these years, the overall rise in breast cancer incidence rates in the United States seems to be primarily a result of the increase in the incidence of hormone receptor–positive tumors. Hormonal factors may account for this trend.

Risk-based recommendations for mammographic screening for women in their forties.

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 3105-3114 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Gail ◽  
B Rimer
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Black Women ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
White Women ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Mammographic Screening ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Flow Diagram

PURPOSE To develop risk-based recommendations for mammographic screening for women in their 40s that take into account the woman's age, race, and specific risk factors. METHODS We assumed that regular mammographic screening is justified for a 50-year-old woman, even one with no risk factors, and that a younger woman with an expected 1-year breast cancer incidence rate as great or greater than that of a 50-year-old woman with no risk factors would benefit sufficiently to justify regular screening. Recommendations under this criterion were based on age- and race-specific breast cancer incidence rates from the National Cancer Institute's (NCI's) Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program; assessments of risk factors from the Breast Cancer Detection and Demonstration Project (BCDDP); and reports in the literature. RESULTS Two methods, the exact-age procedure (EAP) and the grouped-age procedure (GAP), were developed. The less precise GAP only requires following a flow diagram. The proportion of white women recommended for screening by the EAP ranges from 10% for 40-year-old women to 95% for 49-year-old women, and the corresponding percentages for black women are 16% and 95%. The assumptions that underlie the guidelines are discussed critically. CONCLUSION For women or physicians who prefer an individualized approach in deciding whether to initiate regular mammographic screening in the age range of 40 to 49 years, the present report offers recommendations based on individualized risk-factor data and clearly stated assumptions that have an empiric basis. These recommendations can be used to facilitate the counseling process.

scholarly journals Racial Differences in Patterns of Care Among Medicaid-Enrolled Patients With Breast Cancer

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 205-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gretchen Kimmick ◽  
Fabian Camacho ◽  
Kristi Long Foley ◽  
Edward A. Levine ◽  
Rajesh Balkrishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Black Women ◽  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Low Income ◽  
White Women ◽  
The United States ◽  
Adjuvant Radiation ◽  
Adjuvant Radiation Therapy

Purpose Suboptimal care among minority and low-income patients may explain poorer survival. There is little information describing patterns of health care in Medicaid-insured women with breast cancer in the United States. Using a previously created and validated database linking Medicaid claims and state-wide tumor registry data, we describe patterns of breast cancer care within a low-income population. Methods Sample characteristics were described by frequencies and means. Logistic regressions were used to determine predictors of type of surgery, use of radiation therapy after breast-conserving surgery (BCS), and use of adjuvant chemotherapy. Results The sample consisted of 974 women. The dataset included only white (58%) and black (42%) women. Sixty-seven percent were treated with mastectomy; 43% received adjuvant chemotherapy; and 67% of women receiving BCS received adjuvant radiation. In multivariate analysis, predictors of BCS were young age, black race, and smaller tumor size. Furthermore, there was a trend toward more black than white women with tumors 4 cm or larger having BCS (18% v 8%; P = .06). Race was not related to use of adjuvant radiation therapy after BCS or to use of adjuvant chemotherapy. Conclusion In this group of patients with breast cancer enrolled in Medicaid, black women were more likely than white women to have BCS. Race was not associated with adjuvant radiation therapy or chemotherapy use. Factors affecting the quality of care delivered to low-income and minority patients are complex, and better care lies in exploring areas that need improvement.

Shifting Breast Cancer Trends in the United States

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (25) ◽  
pp. 3923-3929 ◽  
Author(s):  
William F. Anderson ◽  
Anne S. Reiner ◽  
Rayna K. Matsuno ◽  
Ruth M. Pfeiffer
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
United States ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
The United States ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Screening Mammography ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Age Related

Purpose United States breast cancer incidence rates declined during the years 1999 to 2003, and then reached a plateau. These recent trends are impressive and may indicate an end to decades of increasing incidence. Methods To put emerging incidence trends into a broader context, we examined age incidence patterns (frequency and rates) during five decades. We used age density plots, two-component mixture models, and age-period-cohort (APC) models to analyze changes in the United States breast cancer population over time. Results The National Cancer Institute's Connecticut Historical Database and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program collected 600,000+ in situ and invasive female breast cancers during the years 1950 to 2003. Before widespread screening mammography in the early 1980s, breast cancer age-at-onset distributions were bimodal, with dominant peak frequency (or mode) near age 50 years and smaller mode near age 70 years. With widespread screening mammography, bimodal age distributions shifted to predominant older ages at diagnosis. From 2000 to 2003, the bimodal age distribution returned to dominant younger ages at onset, similar to patterns before mammography screening. APC models confirmed statistically significant calendar-period (screening) effects before and after 1983 to 1987. Conclusion Breast cancer in the general United States population has a bimodal age at onset distribution, with modal ages near 50 and 70 years. Amid a background of previously increasing and recently decreasing incidence rates, breast cancer populations shifted from younger to older ages at diagnosis, and then back again. These dynamic fluctuations between early-onset and late-onset breast cancer types probably reflect a complex interaction between age-related biologic, risk factor, and screening phenomena.

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