Silver Maple Seed Sources for Increased Biomass Production

1988 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 180-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard F. Kopp ◽  
Wayne A. Geyer ◽  
William R. Lovett
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Seed Source ◽  
Stem Number ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
Short Rotation ◽  
Silver Maple ◽  
South Central ◽  
Maple Seed

Abstract Silver maple shows promise for use in short-rotation intensive culture energy plantings. A seed source study composed of trees from 26 midwest locations was established in south-central Nebraska in 1979 to determine where silver maple seed should be collected for use in the central Great Plains. Trees were evaluated for survival, height growth, and number of dominant stems per tree during their seventh growing season. Sources from eastern Nebraska, western Iowa, eastern Kansas, and northwest Missouri generally exhibited the greatest survival, height growth, and number of dominant stems. Height growth appears to be under stronger genetic control than stem number, suggesting that selection for height should take priority when selecting trees for biomass production. Geographic trends related to survival and height growth, but not stem number, were observed. Environmental or geographic factors that are strong predictors of seed source performance could not be identified. Planting the most locally produced seed is advisable for the central Plains. North. J. Appl. For. 5:180-184, Sept. 1988.

scholarly journals Performance of Green Ash Seed Sources at Four Locations in the Great Plains Region

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
Wayne A. Geyer ◽  
Keith D. Lynch ◽  
John Row ◽  
Peter Schaeffer ◽  
Walter Bagley
Keyword(s):  
Great Plains ◽  
Strong Interaction ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Cold Injury ◽  
Seed Source ◽  
Green Ash ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
Ash Trees

Abstract Green ash trees from 10 seed sources were planted in a test in 1961 in four states of the Great Plains Region. After more than 20 years, height growth indicates a strong interaction between seed source and plantation location. Larger trees were from southerly sources within about three degrees of latitude of the plantation site. Beyond those limits, cold injury may result. Height and dbh age-age correlations were highly significant at 8 and 20+ years. Height and dbh correlated negatively with a decrease in latitude. North. J. Appl. For. 22(1):54–58.

Ponderosa Pine Provenance Test for Windbreaks in Eastern South Dakota

1985 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 105-107
Author(s):  
Peter R. Schaefer ◽  
Norman W. Baer
Keyword(s):  
South Dakota ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Tree Planting ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
South Central ◽  
Average Survival ◽  
Provenance Test ◽  
Genetically Improved

Abstract Ponderosa pine has been planted extensively in the northern Great Plains. Many of the plantings, however, have performed poorly or failed because of poor early survival and slow growth. A regional provenance test of 73 ponderosa pine sources was established in 1968 as one means of improving the performance of this species throughout the Great Plains. Results after 15 years indicated that three sources located in north central Nebraska and south central South Dakota were taller than all other sources. The three sources exhibited a height growth 30% above the plantation mean and an average survival 20% higher than that of the plantation as a whole. These sources have also been among the tallest and best survivors in similar tests throughout the Great Plains. Juvenile-mature correlations were strong for 5-year and 15-year height growth. The identification of a relatively small area from which to collect genetically improved ponderosa pine should greatly facilitate the incorporation of these seedlings into tree-planting efforts in the northern Plains. North. J. Appl. For. 2:105-107, Dec. 1985.

Retrospective shoot growth analysis for three seed sources of loblolly pine

1991 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constance A. Harrington
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Seed Source ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
Stem Analysis ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
Number Of Cycles

Height growth by year and by individual cycle on the terminal shoot was reconstructed from stem analysis for 45 loblolly pine (Pinustaeda L.) trees that were 35 years old. Sample trees represented three seed sources (Clark County, AR; Livingston Parish, LA; and Onslow County, NC), each of which had been planted at three installations (Arkadelphia, AR; Poplarville, MS; and New Bern, NC) located in the general geographic area where one of the seed sources had been collected. Stem analysis was facilitated by the development of a staining technique that enhanced recognition of the boundaries between individual height-growth cycles and between years. Both annual height growth and number of cycles produced varied with tree age, seed source, and installation. Number of cycles produced per year ranged from two to seven; maximum annual production of cycles per seed source was achieved between ages 3 and 10 years. Even between ages 30 and 35, trees still exhibited polycyclic behavior, producing two to five cycles annually. Annual height growth was greatest between ages 4 and 15; height growth declined with age more rapidly than annual number of cycles. The relationship at each installation between cumulative height and cumulative number of cycles showed that the tallest seed source (Onslow in all cases) was the one that had produced the greatest number of cycles. Shorter trees at the poorest site resulted from lower numbers of cycles produced and, particularly after the production of 50 to 65 cycles, shorter mean cycle length. For all three seed sources, mean height was greatest at the installation where the trees produced the most cycles. Height-growth curves for two of the installations crossed, demonstrating differences in height-growth patterns related to site characteristics.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Ponderosa Pine Seed Sources for Windbreaks in the Central Great Plains of the United States

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 265-268
Author(s):  
Wayne Geyer ◽  
Peter Schaefer ◽  
Keith Lynch
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Dakota ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Pinus Ponderosa ◽  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
The United States ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
South Central ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Central South

Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Laws.) has been planted widely in the Great Plains of the United States for windbreaks. Recommendations based on a 1968 study were to use material from south central South Dakota and north central Nebraska. A second test to further delineate seed sources (provenances) in this region was established in 1986. This paper reports results for survival, height, diameter, and D2H measurements in both Kansas and South Dakota, after 15 years. Results identify a wide range of suitable geographic provenances within the two-state region. A majority of the tested sources performed well in both states, thus verifying the original recommendations.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Sumber Benih dan Famili Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Mahoni Daun Lebar (Swietenia macrophylla King.) Umur Tujuh Bulan

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Mashudi Mashudi ◽  
Mudji Susanto ◽  
Liliana Baskorowati
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Exotic Species ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Seed Source ◽  
Swietenia Macrophylla ◽  
West Java ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
The Family

Mahoni daun lebar (Swietenia macrophylla King.) merupakan jenis eksotik dari Amerika Latin yang telah ditanam di Indonesia sejak tahun 1870. Jenis ini merupakan pemasok kayu pertukangan yang cukup penting di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui pengaruh sumber benih dan famili terhadap keragaman pertumbuhan bibit S. macrophylla untuk mendukung kegiatan pemuliaan. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap yang terdiri dari dua faktor, yaitu sumber benih (Banjar-Jabar, Samigaluh – Kulonprogo, Bondowoso-Jatim dan Lombok-NTB) dan famili (35 famili). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa sumber benih berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan tinggi dan diameter batang, sedangkan famili berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan tinggi, diameter batang dan jumlah daun pada umur 7 bulan. Pertumbuhan bibit dengan tinggi terbaik (55,8 cm) berasal dari sumber benih Banjar dan pertumbuhan bibit dengan diameter batang terbaik berasal dari sumber benih Banjar dan Lombok masing-masing sebesar 0,62 cm dan 0,61 cm.Effect of Seed Source and Family on The Growth of (Swietenia macrophylla King.) Seedling at Seven Months Old.AbstractSwietenia macrophylla King. is an exotic species from Latin America which have been planted in Indonesia since 1870. This species is a good wood source for construction timber which is quite important in Indonesia. This study was conducted to determine the effect of seed source and family on S. macrophylla seedling growth which may be useful for supporting breeding program of this species. The seeds were collected from four seed sources: Banjar - West Java, Samigaluh - Kulonprogro, Bondowoso - East Java and Lombok – West Nusa Tenggara. Every seed source consisting of 10 families, except Bondowoso which had 5 families. The study was arranged in a randomized complete design, five seedlings per plot and repeated 5 times for each family. At 7 months old the seed source had significantly influence on height and stem diameter, while the family significantly influence height, stem diameter and the number of leaf. Banjar seed source had the best height growth (55.8 cm), while Banjar and Lombok seed sources had the best stem diameter, respectively 0.62 cm and 0.61 cm.

scholarly journals Direct Assessment of Biomass Productivity in Short Rotation Forestry (SRF) with the Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS). Case of Study in NE Part of Romania (Preliminary Results)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Iulian Constantin Dănilă
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Allometric Equations ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanner ◽  
North East ◽  
Short Rotation ◽  
Destructive Methods

Short rotation forestry (SRF) provides an important supply of biomass for investors in this area. In the NE (North-East) part of Romania at the present time are installed over 800 Ha of this kind of crops. The SRF enjoys the support through environmental policies, in relation to climate change and the provisions of the Kyoto Protocol to reduce the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere. A precise estimate of biomass production is necessary for the sustainable planning of forest resources and for the exchange of energy in ecosystems. The use of the terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) in estimating the production of above ground wood biomass (AGWB) of short rotation forestry (SRF) brings an important technological leap among indirect (non-destructive) methods. TLS technology is justified when destructive methods become difficult to implement, and allometric equations do not provide accurate information. The main purpose of the research is to estimate the biomass productivity on tree parts in short rotation forestry with TLS technology. Measuring the hybrid poplars crops by TLS may have the following consequences: (1) Higher accuracy of the estimate of biomass production in the SRF; (2) cost and time effective measurements over the biomass of tree parts; (3) new and validated allometric equations for SRF in NE Romania; (4) solid instrument for industry to estimate biomass. TLS technology gives accurate estimates for DBH, tree height and location, as much as the volume on segments, commercial volume or crown volume can be determined. The accuracy of these values depends on the original scan data and their co-registration. The research will contribute to the development of knowledge in the field of hybrid crops.

scholarly journals Poplar breeding for the purpose of biomass production in short rotation periods in Germany: Problems and first findings

1993 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 727-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horst Weisgerber
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Land Utilization ◽  
Rotation Periods ◽  
Short Rotation ◽  
European North ◽  
Basic Plant ◽  
Poplar Breeding ◽  
First Results

Investigations so far on the suitability of poplars for biomass production in short rotation periods in Germany were conducted almost exclusively with clones conceived for conventional cultivation. To introduce improved plant material, a special breeding program was implemented in Hann. Münden. It takes into consideration the most important criteria of suitability for the new form of land utilization. A report is given on findings so far from the realization of this program. Comprehensive basic plant material is available for European, North American and East Asian species from the sections Aigeiros, Leuce and Tacamahaca. Interspecific crossings are being carried out mainly in order to make the best possible use of combination and heterosis effects. A period of at least 20 years is necessary to develop new cultivars with high yield performance and yield stability. First results are presented on hybrids of species which are site-tolerant, resistant and particularly fast-growing at the juvenile phase. Plans to produce multiclonal varieties, each with 5 to 10 suitable clones with the same growing rhythm are in place. Special cultivation recommendations advocate clonal mixtures for each of the most important site units and for different rotation periods of from 2 to 5, 6 to 10 and more than 10 years. Key words: poplar, breeding, biomass, short rotation

scholarly journals Assimilation of Satellite-Derived Soil Moisture for Improved Forecasts of the Great Plains Low-Level Jet

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 (11) ◽  
pp. 4607-4627
Author(s):  
Craig R. Ferguson ◽  
Shubhi Agrawal ◽  
Mark C. Beauharnois ◽  
Geng Xia ◽  
D. Alex Burrows ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Data Assimilation ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Wrf Model ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Convective Systems ◽  
South Central ◽  
Mesoscale Convective

AbstractIn the context of forecasting societally impactful Great Plains low-level jets (GPLLJs), the potential added value of satellite soil moisture (SM) data assimilation (DA) is high. GPLLJs are both sensitive to regional soil moisture gradients and frequent drivers of severe weather, including mesoscale convective systems. An untested hypothesis is that SM DA is more effective in forecasts of weakly synoptically forced, or uncoupled GPLLJs, than in forecasts of cyclone-induced coupled GPLLJs. Using the NASA Unified Weather Research and Forecasting (NU-WRF) Model, 75 GPLLJs are simulated at 9-km resolution both with and without NASA Soil Moisture Active Passive SM DA. Differences in modeled SM, surface sensible (SH) and latent heat (LH) fluxes, 2-m temperature (T2), 2-m humidity (Q2), PBL height (PBLH), and 850-hPa wind speed (W850) are quantified for individual jets and jet-type event subsets over the south-central Great Plains, as well as separately for each GPLLJ sector (entrance, core, and exit). At the GPLLJ core, DA-related changes of up to 5.4 kg m−2 in SM can result in T2, Q2, LH, SH, PBLH, and W850 differences of 0.68°C, 0.71 g kg−2, 59.9 W m−2, 52.4 W m−2, 240 m, and 4 m s−1, respectively. W850 differences focus along the jet axis and tend to increase from south to north. Jet-type differences are most evident at the GPLLJ exit where DA increases and decreases W850 in uncoupled and coupled GPLLJs, respectively. Data assimilation marginally reduces negative wind speed bias for all jets, but the correction is greater for uncoupled GPLLJs, as hypothesized.

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