Anxiety Sensitivity and Distress Tolerance in Smokers: Relations With Tobacco Dependence, Withdrawal, and Quitting Success†

Abstract Introduction This study examined relations of two affective vulnerabilities, high anxiety sensitivity (AS) and low distress tolerance (DT), with tobacco dependence, withdrawal, smoking cessation, and pharmacotherapy response. Methods Smokers interested in quitting (N = 1067; 52.2% female, 28.1% African American) were randomized to 12 weeks of nicotine patch, nicotine patch plus nicotine lozenge, or varenicline. Baseline questionnaires assessed AS, DT, negative affect, anxiety, and dependence. Withdrawal was assessed the first-week post-quit via ecological momentary assessment. Results DT, but not AS, predicted biochemically confirmed point-prevalence abstinence at multiple endpoints: weeks 4, 12, 26, and 52 post-quit (ps < .05); relations remained after controlling for pharmacotherapy treatment, AS, baseline negative affect, anxiety, and anxiety disorder history (ps < .05). Additional exploratory analyses examining week 4 abstinence showed DT predicted abstinence (p = .004) even after controlling for baseline dependence, post-quit withdrawal (craving and negative affect), and treatment. DT moderated treatment effects on abstinence in exploratory analyses (interaction p = .025); those with high DT were especially likely to be abstinent at week 4 with patch plus lozenge versus patch alone. Conclusions DT, but not AS, predicted abstinence over 1 year post-quit (higher DT was associated with higher quit rates), with little overlap with other affective measures. DT also predicted early abstinence independent of dependence and withdrawal symptoms. Results suggest low DT may play a meaningful role in motivation to use tobacco and constitute an additional affective risk factor for tobacco cessation failure beyond negative affect or clinical affective disorders. Implications People in a stop-smoking study who reported a greater ability to tolerate distress were more likely to quit smoking and remain smoke-free 1 year later. Smokers with high DT were more likely to be smoke-free 4 weeks after their target quit day if they received nicotine patch plus nicotine lozenge rather than nicotine patch alone. Trial Registration NCT01553084.

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Examining convergence of retrospective and ecological momentary assessment measures of negative affect and eating disorder behaviors

International Journal of Eating Disorders ◽

10.1002/eat.22352 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 305-311 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Joseph A. Wonderlich ◽

Jason M. Lavender ◽

Stephen A. Wonderlich ◽

Carol B. Peterson ◽

Scott J. Crow ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorder ◽

Negative Affect ◽

Ecological Momentary Assessment ◽

Assessment Measures ◽

Ecological Momentary ◽

Momentary Assessment ◽

Eating Disorder Behaviors

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Nicotine patch vs. nicotine lozenge for smoking cessation: An effectiveness trial coordinated by the Community Clinical Oncology Program

Drug and Alcohol Dependence ◽

10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.11.001 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 107 (2-3) ◽

pp. 237-243 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Robert A. Schnoll ◽

Elisa Martinez ◽

Kristina L. Tatum ◽

Marcella Glass ◽

Albert Bernath ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Clinical Oncology ◽

Nicotine Patch ◽

Effectiveness Trial ◽

Community Clinical Oncology Program ◽

Nicotine Lozenge

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The role of negative affect in risk for early lapse among low distress tolerance smokers

Addictive Behaviors ◽

10.1016/j.addbeh.2008.06.018 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 33 (11) ◽

pp. 1394-1401 ◽

Cited By ~ 55

Author(s):

Ana M. Abrantes ◽

David R. Strong ◽

Carl W. Lejuez ◽

Christopher W. Kahler ◽

Linda L. Carpenter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Negative Affect ◽

Distress Tolerance

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Daily dynamics of negative affect: indicators of rate of response to treatment and remission from depression?

10.31234/osf.io/hv65n ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Marieke A. Helmich ◽

M. Wichers ◽

Frenk Peeters ◽

Evelien Snippe

Keyword(s):

Negative Affect ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Supportive Therapy ◽

Diagnostic Interview ◽

Response To Treatment ◽

Symptom Improvement ◽

Remission Status ◽

The Mean ◽

Pre Treatment ◽

Ecological Momentary

More instability (MSSD) and variability (SD) of negative affect (NA) have been related to current and future depressive symptoms. We investigated whether MSSD and SD of NA were predictive of the rate of symptom improvement during treatment and of reaching remission status. Forty-six individuals with major depressive disorder completed six days of ecological momentary assessments (10 beeps per day) before starting a combination of pharmacotherapy and supportive therapy. During and after treatment, the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) diagnostic interview was performed monthly for 18 months. Using multilevel modeling and logistic regression, a linear decrease in HDRS scores as well as reaching remission status (HDRS of ≤7 within or after five months) were predicted by the mean, SD and MSSD of NA in momentary assessments, and relevant baseline predictors. Mean NA, but not the SD or MSSD of NA, predicted rates of depressive symptom reduction over five months. The odds of remitting during treatment were not associated with any predictors. Our results suggest that pre-treatment assessments of NA instability and variability may not give an indication of the treatment response over time. Clinically, the mean of NA may be more promising as a baseline indicator of response potential.

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Disgust sensitivity predicts obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms above and beyond anxiety sensitivity and negative affectivity

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s0924-9338(11)71856-9 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 26 (S2) ◽

pp. 145-145

Author(s):

P. Chorot ◽

B. Sandin ◽

M.A. Santed ◽

R.M. Valiente ◽

M. Olmedo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Negative Affect ◽

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽

Anxiety Sensitivity ◽

Sensitivity Index ◽

State University ◽

Disgust Sensitivity ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms ◽

Future Studies ◽

Compulsive Disorder

Introduction and aimsBoth anxiety sensitivity (AS) and negative affect (NA) are significant general predictors of anxiety disorders, including the obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD; Taylor, 1999). Recently, our group reported preliminary findings suggesting that disgust sensitivity was able to predict OCD symptoms, particularly contamination obsessions and washing compulsions, when controlling for AS and NA (Sandín et al., 2008). The present study examines whether disgust domains of the Cuestionario de Sensibilidad al Asco (CSA) [Disgust Sensitivity Questionnaire] predict obsessive-compulsive symptoms above and beyond AS and NA.MethodA sample of undergraduates completed the CSA (see Valiente et al.), the Padua Inventory-Whasington State University Revision (Burns et al., 1996), the Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3 (Taylor et al., 2007; Sandín et al., 2007), and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (Watson et al., 1988, Sandín et al., 1999).ResultsHierarchic regression analysis revealed that CSA was a better predictor of contamination obsessions and washing compulsions than anxiety sensitivity and negative affect. Also, CSA domains predicted differentially each obsessive-compulsive dimension.ConclusionsContamination-based OCD symptoms appears to be particularly associated to disgust sensitivity, specially with the CSA dimension of hygiene (it includes items such as “Seeing someone spit”, Touching the clothes of a beggar or homeless”). Assuming that contamination-based OCD is a very prevalent type of OCD, future studies on implication of this dimension in its development and/or maintenance is warranted.

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A Coordinated Analysis of Variance in Affect in Daily Life

Assessment ◽

10.1177/1073191118799460 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 27 (8) ◽

pp. 1683-1698 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Stacey B. Scott ◽

Martin J. Sliwinski ◽

Matthew Zawadzki ◽

Robert S. Stawski ◽

Jinhyuk Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Negative Affect ◽

Positive Affect ◽

Ecological Momentary Assessment ◽

Daily Life ◽

Daily Diary ◽

Levels Of Analysis ◽

Total N ◽

Ecological Momentary ◽

Momentary Assessment ◽

Widespread Interest

Despite widespread interest in variance in affect, basic questions remain pertaining to the relative proportions of between-person and within-person variance, the contribution of days and moments, and the reliability of these estimates. We addressed these questions by decomposing negative affect and positive affect variance across three levels (person, day, moment), and calculating reliability using a coordinated analysis of seven daily diary, ecological momentary assessment (EMA), and diary-EMA hybrid studies (across studies age = 18-84 years, total Npersons = 2,103, total Nobservations = 45,065). Across studies, within-person variance was sizeable (negative affect: 45% to 66%, positive affect: 25% to 74%); in EMA more within-person variance was attributable to momentary rather than daily level. Reliability was adequate to high at all levels of analysis (within-person: .73-.91; between-person: .96-1.00) despite different items and designs. We discuss the implications of these results for the design of future intensive studies of affect variance.

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A-111 Ecological Momentary Assessment of Mood after Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology ◽

10.1093/arclin/acab062.129 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 (6) ◽

pp. 1160-1160

Author(s):

Julianne Wilson ◽

Amanda R Rabinowitz ◽

Tessa Hart

Keyword(s):

Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Negative Affect ◽

Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Ecological Momentary Assessment ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Positive And Negative Affect ◽

Environmental Reward ◽

Ecological Momentary ◽

Momentary Assessment

Abstract Objective In persons with moderate–severe traumatic brain injury (msTBI), we compared traditional measures of mood with dynamic measures of affect derived from ecological momentary assessment (EMA), for the purpose of validating the EMA indices and exploring their unique contributions to emotional assessment. Method 23 community-dwelling participants with chronic msTBI were enrolled in a treatment trial for anxiety and/ or depression. At baseline, participants completed the Brief Symptom Inventory-18 Depression and Anxiety subscales (BSI-D, BSI-A) and the Environmental Reward Observation Scale (EROS), a measure of everyday pleasure and reward. EMA data, including the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), were collected via smartphone 5 times daily for 7–14 days prior to treatment (M = 8.65; SD = 1.87). Spearman correlations tested associations between baseline BSI-D, BSI-A, and EROS scores with both overall means and temporal variability measures for positive and negative affect (PA, NA). Results Mean PA was significantly correlated with BSI-D (rho −0.60, p < 0.05) and EROS (rho 0.72, p < 0.01). Mean NA and affect variability measures were uncorrelated with baseline scores. NA mean and variability were intercorrelated (rho 0.87, p < 0.001), but this was not the case for PA. Conclusion EMA measures of averaged positive affect showed robust relationships with retrospective measures of depression and environmental reward, providing support for the validity of EMA measures of PA, and for use of the EROS in msTBI. While negative findings must be interpreted with caution, the lack of association of affective variability with retrospective measures suggest a unique role for EMA in examining temporal dynamics of affect.

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